Carotid Artery Operation Delay During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Results of a Multicenter International Study.

Background: To measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of patients with carotid artery stenosis.

Methods: We prospectively collected data from 25 centers (19 centers in the United States and 6 centers internationally) on postponed carotid artery operations between March 2020 and January 2022. We describe the characteristics of these patients and their planned operations, along with outcomes including mortality and neurological deterioration during the period of operative delay due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Road traffic injuries in Tanzanian children and adolescents: A cross-sectional household survey.

Objective: To measure annual rates of road traffic injuries (RTI) and to describe the characteristics of road traffic crashes experienced by children and adolescents in Tanga, Tanzania.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional household survey using geospatial population-weighted sampling in the city of Tanga in northern Tanzania. Data were collected in February and March of 2022.

Bipolar Disorder and Cardiovascular Risk in Rural versus Urban Populations in Colombia: A Comparative Clinical and Epidemiological Evaluation.

Background: Various multifactorial elements may contribute toward the urban and rural disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, particularly among patients with psychiatric diseases.

Objective: To investigate whether rural patients diagnosed and treated for Bipolar Disorder (BD) have different risk profiles and outcomes of CVD compared to urban (BD) patients.

Methods: We conducted a case-control study that included 125 BD patients (cases) from rural Filadelfia, Colombia and 250 BD patients (controls) treated in Bogotá, Colombia.

Clinical Approaches to Reducing Material Hardship Due to Poverty: Social Risks/Needs Identification and Interventions.

The field of pediatrics has pioneered approaches to mitigating poverty's harmful effects on children's health and development. Clinical interventions for systematically addressing material hardships due to poverty within the context of pediatric care delivery, however, are still in their infancy. Since the American Academy of Pediatrics published its policy statement on Child Health and Poverty in the United States in 2016, interest has surged in the development and implementation of care models that systematically identify and address social risks and/or social needs.

In the Name of Prevention: Maternal Perspectives on School-Based HPV Vaccination in Rural Southern Chile.

Purpose: Since the introduction of the HPV vaccine in Chile in 2014, there have been few studies exploring community perspectives on the vaccine, specifically of parents of adolescents. This study sought to identify maternal factors and family dynamics that affect HPV vaccination behavior.

Participants And Methods: Participants were recruited at an OB/GYN clinic in Linares, Chile.

Unmet Social Needs and No-Show Visits in Primary Care in a US Northeastern Urban Health System, 2018-2019.

To characterize the association between social needs prevalence and no-show proportion and variation in these associations among specific social needs. In this study, we used results from a 10-item social needs screener conducted across 19 primary care practices in a large urban health system in Bronx County, New York, between April 2018 and July 2019. We estimated the association between unmet needs and 2-year history of missed appointments from 41 637 patients by using negative binomial regression models.

We are What We Eat: Impact of Food from Short Supply Chain on Metabolic Syndrome.

Food supply in the Mediterranean area has been recently modified by big retail distribution; for instance, industrial retail has favored shipments of groceries from regions that are intensive producers of mass food, generating a long supply chain (LSC) of food that opposes short supply chains (SSCs) that promote local food markets. However, the actual functional role of food retail and distribution in the determination of the risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) has not been studied hitherto. The main aim of this study was to test the effects of food chain length on the prevalence of MetS in a population accustomed to the Mediterranean diet.

Compulsory Admission to Psychiatric Wards-Who Is Admitted, and Who Appeals Against Admission?

When persons with a mental illness present a danger to themselves or others, involuntary hospital admission can be used to initiate an immediate inpatient treatment. Often, the patients have the right to appeal against compulsory admission. These processes are implemented in most mental health-care systems, but regulations and legal framework differ widely.

Differences in Insomnia Symptoms between Immigrants and Non-Immigrants in Switzerland attributed to Emotional Distress: Analysis of the Swiss Health Survey.

Migration can be a stressful experience and may lead to poor health and behavioral changes. The immigrant population in Switzerland is disproportionately burdened by several negative health outcomes, chief among these is mental health issues. The aim of the study was to investigate whether sleep disturbances are more prevalent among immigrants compared to non-immigrants and whether emotional distress might explain sleep differences.

Clinical course and prevalence of coercive measures: an observational study among involuntarily hospitalised psychiatric patients.

Aims Of The Study: In daily clinical work, coercion continues to be highly prevalent, with rates differing between countries and sometimes even within countries or between wards of the same hospital. Previous research found inconsistent characteristics of individuals who underwent coercive measures during psychiatric treatment. Furthermore, there continues to be a lack of knowledge on the clinical course of people after being involuntarily committed.

Differences in short and long sleep durations between blacks and whites attributed to emotional distress: analysis of the National Health Interview Survey in the United States.

Objectives: The current study examined the role of emotional distress in explaining racial/ethnic differences in unhealthy sleep duration.

Design: Data from the 2004-2013 National Health Interview Survey were analyzed using SPSS 20.

Setting: Data were collected through personal household interviews in the United States.

Alcohol consumption and use of health care services in people with severe mental illness and stressful childhood experiences.

People who suffer from severe mental illness often present with histories of abuse during childhood. Alcohol use disorders is a common co-morbidity of survivors of childhood abuse and neglect. This study analyzes the effects of stressful childhood experiences, a proxy for trauma, on the frequency of alcohol consumption and the utilization of health care services in a population of people with severe mental illness.

Development of dual fluorescent stage specific reporter strain of Toxoplasma gondii to follow tachyzoite and bradyzoite development in vitro and in vivo.

Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan that infects 30% of humans as intermediate hosts. T Sexual reproduction can occur only within the intestinal tract of felines, however, infection in other mammals and birds is associated with asexual replication and interconversion between the tachyzoite and bradyzoite stages. Bradyzoites are slow growing forms found in tissue cysts in latent infection.

Replacing the Transfusion of 1-2 Units of Blood with Plasma Expanders that Increase Oxygen Delivery Capacity: Evidence from Experimental Studies.

At least a third of the blood supply in the world is used to transfuse 1-2 units of packed red blood cells for each intervention and most clinical trials of blood substitutes have been carried out at this level of oxygen carrying capacity (OCC) restoration. However, the increase of oxygenation achieved is marginal or none at all for molecular hemoglobin (Hb) products, due to their lingering vasoactivity. This has provided the impetus for the development of "oxygen therapeutics" using Hb-based molecules that have high oxygen affinity and target delivery of oxygen to anoxic areas.

The constant region contributes to the antigenic specificity and renal pathogenicity of murine anti-DNA antibodies.

Affinity for DNA and cross-reactivity with renal antigens are associated with enhanced renal pathogenicity of lupus autoantibodies. In addition, certain IgG subclasses are enriched in nephritic kidneys, suggesting that isotype may determine the outcome of antibody binding to renal antigens. To investigate if the isotype of DNA antibodies affects renal pathogenicity by influencing antigen binding, we derived IgM, IgG1, IgG2b and IgG2a forms of the PL9-11 antibody (IgG3 anti-DNA) by in vitro class switching or PCR cloning.

Orbital compression syndrome in sickle cell disease.

Purpose: To present 3 cases of orbital compression syndrome caused by infarction of the greater wing of the sphenoid in patients with sickle cell disease.

Methods: Case report and review of the literature.

Results: Three patients with sickle cell disease (2 males aged 22 and 16 years, and a 10-year-old girl) who presented with proptosis, limited ocular motility, and chemosis were found to have an infarction of the marrow space of the greater wing of the sphenoid that produced an orbital subperiosteal hemorrhage and exudate demonstrated on MRI.

The nitric oxide pathway participates in estrous behavior induced by progesterone and some of its ring A-reduced metabolites.

Intracerebral and intravenous administration of progesterone (P) and its ring A-reduced metabolites induces intense sexual behavior (lordosis and proceptivity) in estrogen-primed rats. The present study tested the hypothesis that the nitric oxide-cGMP-protein kinase G pathway is involved in the facilitation of sexual behavior induced by the intracerebroventricular (i.c.

Haemodynamic stability and ketamine-alfentanil anaesthetic induction.

We have determined if alfentanil could obtund the haemodynamic instability commonly seen at induction of anaesthesia with ketamine. Five groups of ASA I and II patients received ketamine 1 mg kg-1 i.v.

A pregnancy defect in the osteopetrotic (op/op) mouse demonstrates the requirement for CSF-1 in female fertility.

Correlative evidence suggests that maternal production of the mononuclear phagocyte growth factor colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) regulates placental development. In order to study the role of CSF-1 in pregnancy the fertility of CSF-1-less osteopetrotic (op/op) mutant mice was investigated. Homozygous mutant crosses (op/op x op/op) were consistently infertile.