WATER versus WATER II 5-year update: Comparing Aquablation therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia in 30-80-cm and 80-150-cm prostates.

Objective: This study aims to compare the long-term outcomes of Aquablation for small-to-moderate (30-80 cm) prostates with the outcomes for large (80-150 cm) prostates at 5-year follow up.

Methods: The Waterjet Ablation Therapy for Endoscopic Resection of Prostate Tissue (WATER; NCT02505919) is a prospective, double-blind, international clinical trial encompassing 116 patients, examining Aquablation versus transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for LUTS/BPH in prostates sized between 30 and 80 cm. In parallel, WATER II (W-II; NCT03123250), a prospective, multicentre, single-arm international clinical trial, explores Aquablation outcomes in prostates ranging from 80 to 150 cm.

Validation of a Novel Mobile Application for Assessing Pediatric Tracheostomy Emergency Simulations.

Objective: Pediatric tracheostomy is associated with high morbidity and mortality, yet clinician knowledge and quality of tracheostomy care may vary widely. In situ simulation is effective at detecting and mitigating related latent safety threats, but evaluation via retrospective video review has disadvantages (eg, delayed analysis, and potential data loss). We evaluated whether a novel mobile application is accurate and reliable for assessment of in situ tracheostomy emergency simulations.

Safety and tolerability of topical trametinib in rosacea: Results from a phase I clinical trial.

Purpose: Overactivation of the mitogen activated kinase pathway has been associated with rosacea. We hypothesised that inhibitors of this pathway can be repurposed to alleviate rosacea symptoms.

Methods: In order to test this hypothesis, we designed a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase I clinical trial to assess the safety and tolerability of a first-in-kind topical formulation of a MEK kinase inhibitor, trametinib.

Risk of serious bacterial infections in pediatric patients with hyperpyrexia.

Objectives: Hyperpyrexia has been associated with a greater prevalence of bacterial infections in the pediatric population, which prior to routine childhood vaccinations, has led to invasive testing and empiric antibiotic use for urinary tract infections, bacterial pneumonia, bacteremia, and bacterial meningitis. Since the implementation of routine childhood vaccinations, the prevalence of serious bacterial infections (SBIs) has declined. This study aims to determine if there is an association between hyperpyrexia and serious bacterial infections in well-appearing febrile pediatric patients presenting to the emergency department (ED).

Face Name Associative Memory Exam and biomarker status in the ARMADA study: Advancing reliable measurement in Alzheimer's disease and cognitive aging.

The Face Name Associative Memory Exam (FNAME) was introduced into the NIH Toolbox as part of the ARMADA study and establishes normative data for diverse participants, ages 64 to 85+, and proposes cutoff scores between biomarker positive versus negative (+/-) groups. The FNAME was administered to 257 participants across the clinical spectrum with 122 having amyloid biomarkers. Linear regression explored the association between demographics and FNAME and between amyloid (+/-) groups.

Arthroscopic repair of traumatic rotator cuff tear following total shoulder arthroplasty: A case report and review of literature.

Key Clinical Message: We highlight the rare case of arthroscopic repair of a traumatic tear following total shoulder arthroplasty. Moreover, there is no reported literature describing the arthroscopic repair of a rotator cuff tear after total shoulder arthroplasty.

Abstract: This case report highlights an arthroscopic rotator cuff repair involving full-thickness tears of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus after a total shoulder arthroplasty performed 7 years prior.

Intimate Partner Violence Screening for Women in the Veterans Health Administration: Temporal Trends from the Early Years of Implementation 2014-2020.

Thousands of women Veterans experience intimate partner violence (IPV) each year. The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has encouraged IPV screening in Veterans Affairs medical centers (VAMCs) since 2014. Through retrospective analysis of VHA administrative data from fiscal year (FY) 2014 into FY2020, we examined IPV screening implementation outcomes of reach and adoption, as well as screen-positive rates using descriptive and multivariate linear regression analyses.

Influence of patient-specific factors when comparing multifidus fat infiltration between chronic low back pain patients and asymptomatic controls.

Introduction: Many studies have attempted to link multifidus (MF) fat infiltration with muscle quality and chronic low back pain (cLBP), but there is no consensus on these relationships.

Methods: In this cross-sectional cohort study, 39 cLBP patients and 18 asymptomatic controls were included. The MF muscle was manually segmented at each lumbar disc level and fat fraction (FF) measurements were taken from the corresponding advanced imaging water-fat images.

Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibitor Use and Blood Pressure Lowering in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction Across the Spectrum of Kidney Function: An Analysis of the Veterans Administrative Health System.

Background: A substantial proportion of patients with heart failure and kidney disease have poorly controlled blood pressures. This study aimed to evaluate patterns of blood pressure after initiation of an angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) or an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) across the spectrum of kidney function.

Methods: Between 2016 and 2020, we evaluated 26,091 patients admitted to a Veterans Affairs hospital for an acute heart failure exacerbation with reduced ejection fraction.

RhoA-ROCK competes with YAP to regulate amoeboid breast cancer cell migration in response to lymphatic-like flow.

Lymphatic drainage generates force that induces prostate cancer cell motility via activation of Yes-associated protein (YAP), but whether this response to fluid force is conserved across cancer types is unclear. Here, we show that shear stress corresponding to fluid flow in the initial lymphatics modifies taxis in breast cancer, whereas some cell lines use rapid amoeboid migration behavior in response to fluid flow, a separate subset decrease movement. Positive responders displayed transcriptional profiles characteristic of an amoeboid cell state, which is typical of cells advancing at the edges of neoplastic tumors.

Aquablation therapy in large prostates (80-150 cc) for lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia: WATER II 3-year trial results.

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine if Aquablation therapy can maintain its effectiveness in treating men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with large-volume (80-150 cc) prostates at 3 years.

Subjects And Methods: One hundred one men with moderate-to-severe BPH symptoms and prostate volumes between 80 and 150 cc were enrolled in a prospective, nonrandomized, multicenter, international clinical trial in late 2017. Baseline, procedural, and follow-up parameters were recorded at baseline and scheduled postoperative visits.

LUNG group 2 innate lymphoid cells as a new adjuvant target to enhance intranasal vaccine efficacy against influenza.

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are a relatively new class of innate immune cells. Lung ILC2 are early responders that secrete type 2 cytokines in response to danger 'alarmin' signals such as interleukin (IL)-33 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin. Being an early source of type 2 cytokines, ILC2 are a critical regulator of type 2 immune cells of both innate and adaptive immune responses.

Dialysis Initiation in Patients With Chronic Coronary Disease and Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in ISCHEMIA-CKD.

Background In participants with concomitant chronic coronary disease and advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), the effect of treatment strategies on the timing of dialysis initiation is not well characterized. Methods and Results In ISCHEMIA-CKD (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness With Medical and Invasive Approaches-Chronic Kidney Disease), 777 participants with advanced CKD and moderate or severe ischemia were randomized to either an initial invasive or conservative management strategy. Herein, we compare the proportion of randomized participants with non-dialysis-requiring CKD at baseline (n=362) who initiated dialysis and compare the time to dialysis initiation between invasive versus conservative management arms.

Characteristics of medical students interested in emergency medicine with intention to practice in underserved areas.

Objectives: Emergency departments serve a wide variety of racial, ethnic, socioeconomic, and gender backgrounds. It is currently unknown what characteristics of students who express interest in emergency medicine (EM) are associated with a simultaneous desire to work in medically underserved areas. We hypothesize that those who are underrepresented in medicine, are female, learn another language, and have more student debt will be more likely to practice in a medically underserved area.

Percutaneous arteriovenous fistula creation with the 4F WavelinQ EndoAVF System.

Background: Percutaneous devices for creation of native arteriovenous fistulae offer an alternative to traditional open surgical techniques. The 4F WavelinQ EndoAVF System was developed as a lower profile alternative to facilitate access through smaller vessels and minimize access site complications; The current report is the original first experience of this device, assessing outcome in 120 patients followed for 6 months.

Methods: The use of the 4F WavelinQ system in three studies, EASE (32 patients), EASE-2 (24 patients), and the EU postmarket clinical follow-up study (64 patients) was aggregated and analyzed.

CMS ESRD quality incentive program has not improved patient dialysis vascular access.

Purpose: Over 468,000 patients in the United States use hemodialysis to manage End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). The purpose of this study was to determine whether the dialysis access Clinical Performance Measures (CPMs) of Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) ESRD Quality Incentive Program (QIP) have increased arteriovenous fistula (AVF) rates and decreased long-term tunneled hemodialysis catheter (TDC) rates among hemodialysis patients in United States.

Methods: Retrospective observational study: evaluated reported AVF and long-term TDC rates of 4804 dialysis facilities which reported dialysis access data as part of the ESRD QIP from Payment Year (PY) 2014-2020.