Biochemical mechanisms and molecular interactions of vitamins in cancer therapy.

Recently, the potential role of vitamins in cancer therapy has attracted considerable research attention. However, the reported findings are inconsistent, with limited information on the biochemical and molecular interactions of different vitamins in various cancer cells. Importantly, the presence of vitamin receptors in tumor cells suggests that vitamins play a significant role in the molecular and biochemical interactions in cancers.

Translating PK-PD principles into improved methodology for clinical trials which compare intermittent with prolonged infusion of beta-lactam antibiotics.

Based on the fact that beta-lactam antibiotics demonstrate time-dependent killing, different dosing strategies have been implemented to increase the time that free (f) (unbound) antibiotic concentrations remain above the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), including prolonged and continuous infusion. Multiple studies have been performed that compared continuous with traditional intermittent infusion to improve outcomes in patients with severe sepsis and/or septic shock. These studies have yielded inconsistent results for patients as measured by clinical response to treatment and mortality due to heterogeneity of included patients, pathogens, dosing strategies and the absence of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM).

Potential for Misdiagnosis of Detrusor Underactivity Due to Urodynamic Voiding Position and Seating Characteristics.

Background: Detrusor underactivity (DUA) is a lower urinary tract (LUT) diagnosis that is diagnosed with multichannel urodynamic studies (UDS). The effect of voiding position and DUA detection is unclear.

Objectives: We investigated whether moving individuals from the UDS chair to their typical voiding position would more accurately assess detrusor function in cases of absent or nonrepresentative voiding.

Lay views in Southern France of the acceptability of refusing to provide treatment because of alleged futility.

Aim: To carry out a detailed study of existing positions in the French public of the acceptability of refusing treatment because of alleged futility, and to try to link these to people's age, gender, and religious practice.

Method: 248 lay participants living in southern France were presented with 16 brief vignettes depicting a cancer patient at the end of life who asks his doctor to administer a new cancer treatment he has heard about. Considering that this treatment is futile in the patient's case, the doctor refuses to prescribe it.

Prophylactic Use of Cardiac Medications and Survival in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Introduction/aims: Prophylactic treatment of left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) delays onset of LVD, but there is limited data showing impact on survival. Our aim was to describe survival among treated and untreated individuals with DMD.

Methods: Retrospective, population-based surveillance data from the Muscular Dystrophy Surveillance, Tracking and Research Network (MD STARnet) were used.

Greater distance traveled for renal trauma care is not associated with higher rates of intervention.

Introduction: Trauma patients frequently may be transported significant distance to receive care at a level one trauma center. Increasing distance may cause delays in care. We sought to investigate whether distance traveled for level 1 trauma care affected rates of intervention for renal trauma.

Evaluating accuracy and reproducibility of large language model performance on critical care assessments in pharmacy education.

Background: Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on medical licensing and diagnosis-related exams. However, comparative evaluations to optimize LLM performance and ability in the domain of comprehensive medication management (CMM) are lacking. The purpose of this evaluation was to test various LLMs performance optimization strategies and performance on critical care pharmacotherapy questions used in the assessment of Doctor of Pharmacy students.

Effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions in patients with colorectal cancer: an overview of systematic reviews.

Objective: To evaluate existing evidence from published systematic reviews for the effectiveness and safety of rehabilitation interventions in adult patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using medical/health science databases up to October 2024. Bibliographies of pertinent articles, journals, and grey literature were searched.

Treatment of both bone forearm fractures with 2.7 mm plates: a non-inferiority study.

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of 2.7 mm plates in treating both bone forearm fractures (BBFFs) compared to the current gold standard of 3.5 mm fixation.

Titanium Dioxide (TiO) Incorporation into Poly(ether sulfone) (PES) Hollow Fiber Membranes (HFMs) Improves Biocompatibility and Separation Performance for Bioartificial Kidney (BAK) and Hemodialysis Applications.

Hemodialysis and bioartificial kidney (BAK), which mimic both physical and biological functions, can significantly impact chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Here we report on Hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) with enhanced separation of uremic toxins along with enhanced hemocompatibility and biocompatibility that also promote the growth of kidney cells. The improvement arises from the addition of titanium dioxide (0.

Coblation as an effective tool for treating subglottic cysts and hemangiomas in pediatric patients.

Subglottic cysts and hemangiomas are rare but potentially life-threatening conditions in pediatric patients. Subglottic cysts are generally associated with premature infants with a history of prolonged endotracheal intubation, while subglottic hemangiomas are congenital vascular lesions that grow rapidly and are uncommon head and neck tumours in pediatric patients. Both conditions can present with generalised respiratory symptoms such as stridor.

A Snapshot of United States Sarcoidosis Patients and their Perceived Disease Impact: Results of the Sarcoidosis Research Institute Survey.

Purpose: The priorities and concerns of sarcoidosis patients in the United States (US) have not been well-described.

Methods: A survey constructed by sarcoidosis patients and doctors was administered to US sarcoidosis patients. The survey queried patients concerning their demographics, disease state, disease impact on health and well-being, health care priorities and impressions of sarcoidosis care.

Early Radiographic Warning Signs of Impending Lemierre's Syndrome.

Lemierre's syndrome is a rare and potentially life-threatening complication of head and neck infections, such as bacterial pharyngitis or tonsillitis. It is characterized by the extension of infection into the lateral pharyngeal spaces, leading to subsequent septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein(s). Although relatively uncommon since the advent of appropriate antibiotic therapy, the incidence of Lemierre's syndrome has increased in the past 15 years, especially among young, healthy adults.

Improving diagnostics and surveillance of malaria among displaced people in Africa.

African communities that have been forced to leave their homes experience a considerably greater susceptibility to malaria as a result of densely populated living conditions, restricted availability of healthcare, and environmental influences. Internally displaced individuals frequently live in large settlements with restricted availability to drinking water, essential sanitation, and medical services, intensifying the spread of malaria. As a result, the occurrence of malaria is significantly more common among refugees and internally displaced individuals compared to those who are not displaced.

Mucosal immunity elicited by a human-Fcγ receptor-I targeted intranasal vaccine platform enhances resistance against nasopharyngeal colonization of Streptococcus pneumoniae and induces broadly protective immunity against respiratory pathogens.

The development of safe and effective mucosal vaccines are hampered by safety concerns associated with adjuvants or live attenuated microbes. We previously demonstrated that targeting antigens to the human-Fc-gamma-receptor-I (hFcγRI) eliminates the need for adjuvants, thereby mitigating safety concerns associated with the mucosal delivery of adjuvant formulated vaccines. Here we evaluated the role of the route of immunization in the mucosal immunity elicited by the hFcγRI-targeted vaccine approach.

Surgical Management of Fibrosing Mediastinitis Presenting as Superior Vena Cava Syndrome.

Fibrosing mediastinitis is a rare chronic inflammatory condition characterized by excessive fibrotic process in the mediastinum. Although various infectious processes are more common causes, it can also be related to several malignancies. We report a case of a 28-year-old woman with fibrosing mediastinitis related to an aggressive primary gray-zone lymphoma causing complete occlusion of the superior vena cava (SVC) and the innominate veins.

Is intraoperative neuromonitoring the standard of care for pedicle screw placement surgery? A survey of neurosurgeons' practices.

Spine surgery is highly litigious; misplaced screws and intraoperative neuromonitoring frequently feature in lawsuits. Intraoperative neuromonitoring aims to prevent injury but its standards are debated, and literature suggests its benefits are mixed. We surveyed its use among neurosurgeons from the Congress of Neurological Surgeons with Pearson's chi-square test applied to analyse data within R.

Hospital Boarding Creates Critical Shortcomings in Disaster Preparedness.

Hospital patient boarding in emergency departments has reached unprecedented crisis levels over the past 4 years. Boarding and crowding has been demonstrated by prior literature to have adverse effects on patient care as well as increased associated costs. Importantly, the increase in hospital patient boarding has created critical shortcomings in disaster preparedness by limiting the capacity of emergency departments to respond to mass casualty incidents due to space and staffing constraints.

Sociodemographic Variables Associated with Self-reported Access to Mental Healthcare Among Brazilian Immigrant Women in the U.S.

Brazilians are a rapidly growing immigrant population in the United States (U.S.), yet little is known about their mental health and access to mental healthcare.

The comparison of serum bone-turnover markers in different stage of chronic kidney disease and the associated impact of intradialytic cycling in patients with end-stage renal disease.

Introduction: Bone turnover markers reflected the bone remodeling process and bone health in clinical studies. Studies on variation of bone remodeling markers in different stage CKD were scant, and this study investigated the role of bedside intradialytic cycling in altering concentrations of bone-remodeling markers in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Materials And Methods: Participants were segmented into four groups: a group with eGFR >60 ml/min/1.

Assessing Clinical Improvement of Infants Hospitalized for Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Related Critical Illness.

Background: Pediatric respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-related acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) commonly requires hospitalization. The Clinical Progression Scale Pediatrics (CPS-Ped) measures level of respiratory support and degree of hypoxia across a range of disease severity, but it has not been applied in infants hospitalized with severe RSV-LRTI.

Methods: We analyzed data from a prospective surveillance registry of infants hospitalized for RSV-related complications across 39 U.

Challenges in determining the global burden of non-malignant central nervous system tumors: an analysis of international incidence and mortality data sources.

Background: Non-malignant tumors of the CNS contribute substantially to the morbidity and mortality from CNS tumors. It is critical to understand the epidemiology of non-malignant CNS tumors separately from CNS malignancies to inform resource allocation and policy since treatment and prognosis can differ. High quality international data on non-malignant CNS tumor burden are needed to accomplish this goal.

Assessing Second Trimester Ferning in Diagnosing Preterm Prelabor Rupture of Membranes.

Preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) diagnosis is made through visualization of amniotic fluid (pooling), nitrizine testing, sonographic low amniotic fluid, and microscopic detection of amniotic fluid arborization (ferning). Data exits on the specificity and sensitivity of ferning detection but has not focused on the second trimester. Our objective is to evaluate the presence of ferning in transvaginally collected amniotic fluid in pregnancies with known second trimester PPROM to determine if there is a difference in ferning based on gestational age and sample drying time.

Serendipitous Discovery of Dearomatized Dimers in Anthracene Derivative Oxidation.

We present the serendipitous discovery of an unusual dimer formed from anthracene-derived polyarenes. Unlike the typical oxidative coupling of substituted aromatic scaffolds, the reaction yielded a dearomatized enone dimer as the sole product. This dearomatized motif, notably, does not undergo the commonly observed rearomatization, and no biaryl products were detected.