Examining objective and subjective sleep measures and neurocognition in older adults with HIV: A cross-sectional study in the deep South.

As people live longer with HIV, reports of poor sleep and neurocognitive impairments are expected to increase. Poor sleep and neurocognitive impairments commonly occur in people living with HIV (PLWH) and some medications (e.g.

Myositis/myasthenia gravis caused by immune checkpoint inhibition: A report of two cases and a brief review of the literature.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer therapy by enhancing the ability of the immune system to combat malignancies. Nivolumab and cemiplimab, monoclonal antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein 1, have exhibited notable therapeutic efficacy; however, they are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The present study describes the cases of 2 patients, a 71-year-old male with metastatic esophageal adenocarcinoma and a 66-year-old female with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma who developed acute/subacute onset rapidly progressive myositis/myasthenia gravis (MG) following treatment with nivolumab and cemiplimab.

USING MIXED METHODS APPROACHES TO STUDY FAMILIES AND RELATIONSHIPS.

Mixed methods research-methodologies that synthesize qualitative and quantitative approaches in the design, collection, analysis, and dissemination of research related to a specific topic or aim-is increasingly common, offering innovative empirical insight into families and relationships. We first elaborate on our definition of mixed methods research, emphasizing that there is significant heterogeneity within mixed methods approaches to studying families and relationships. Second, we discuss benefits of mixed methods projects within family and relationship research, including theory-building and innovation.

Integration of Peer Navigators Into Longitudinal Research.

Objective: To assess consent rates and reasons for refusing consent after the introduction of peer navigators into the Outcomes of Babies With Opioid Exposure (OBOE) Study.

Design: Secondary analysis of data from the OBOE Study, a multisite observational study.

Setting: Medical centers in Alabama, Ohio, and Pennsylvania (N = 4).

Description of Cohnella rhizoplanae sp. nov., isolated from the root surface of soybean (Glycine max).

A Gram-staining-positive, aerobic bacterium, designated strain JJ-181, was isolated from the root surface of soybean. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, strain JJ-181 was grouped into the genus Cohnella, most closely related to Cohnella hashimotonis F6_2S_P_1 (98.85%) and C.

Primary Care Screening for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Among People With HIV in the United States: A Real-World Provider Survey.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly prevalent in people with HIV (PWH) and increases the risk of hepatic fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. We sent an online survey to providers of the American Academy of HIV Medicine. Of respondents (n = 214, 8% response rate), 65% reported screening for NAFLD in PWH, with 28% routinely screening all patients.

Does cognitive intra-individual variability predict change in everyday functioning performance in women with and without HIV in the Women's Interagency HIV Study?

This study examined the association between cognitive intra-individual variability (IIV), a non-mean-based indicator of underlying neuropathology, and self-reported everyday functioning of 1,086 women with HIV (WWH) and 494 socio-demographically similar women without HIV (WWoH). Objective cognitive performance across seven domains and the self-rated Lawton & Brody scale of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) were assessed among participants of the Women's Interagency HIV Study. Two types of cognitive IIV were calculated by taking the standard deviation across seven cognitive domains to calculate dispersion: 1) intra-individual standard deviation (denoted as IIV) and 2) coefficient of variation (denoted as IIV).

Understanding the development of tuberculous granulomas: insights into host protection and pathogenesis, a review in humans and animals.

Granulomas, organized aggregates of immune cells which form in response to (), are characteristic but not exclusive of tuberculosis (TB). Despite existing investigations on TB granulomas, the determinants that differentiate host-protective granulomas from granulomas that contribute to TB pathogenesis are often disputed. Thus, the goal of this narrative review is to help clarify the existing literature on such determinants.

Gene model for the ortholog of in .

Gene model for the ortholog of Downstream of raf1 ( ) in the May 2011 (Broad dper_caf1/DperCAF1) Genome Assembly (GenBank Accession: GCA_000005195.1 ) of . This ortholog was characterized as part of a developing dataset to study the evolution of the Insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway (IIS) across the genus using the Genomics Education Partnership gene annotation protocol for Course-based Undergraduate Research Experiences.

Gene model for the ortholog of in .

Gene model for the ortholog of Insulin-like peptide 5 ( ) in the May 2011 (Agencourt dana_caf1/DanaCAF1) Genome Assembly (GenBank Accession: GCA_000005115.1 ) of . This ortholog was characterized as part of a developing dataset to study the evolution of the Insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway (IIS) across the genus using the Genomics Education Partnership gene annotation protocol for Course-based Undergraduate Research Experiences.

Pilot and feasibility study of dietary composition with elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor concentrations in people with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Nutritional support for people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF) after the implementation of novel drug therapies is shifting from managing malnutrition through a high-fat, high-calorie diet to managing emerging incidences of obesity in this population. Additionally, dietary recommendations prescribed with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) recommend taking this drug with a fat-containing meal, which is variably interpreted by patients. This pilot and feasibility study was conducted to assess dietary fat intake and body composition on ETI plasma concentrations.

Coevolution of marine phytoplankton and Alteromonas bacteria in response to pCO2 and co-culture.

As a result of human activity, Earth's atmosphere and climate are changing at an unprecedented pace. Models based on short-term experiments predict major changes will occur in marine phytoplankton communities in the future ocean, but rarely consider how evolution or interactions with other microbes may influence these changes. Here we experimentally evolved several phytoplankton in co-culture with a heterotrophic bacterium, Alteromonas sp.

Mechanism of pyrazines and thioethers formation promoted by high oxygen concentration in the methionine-glucose Maillard reaction system.

Background: The typical aroma compounds in methionine-glucose Maillard products often undergo further degradation and polymerization during storage and thermal processing, leading to flavor dispersion and aroma distortion. It is crucial to identify measures that enhance typical aroma substances in such flavor matrices.

Results: The effect of oxygen on the flavor formation of methionine-glucose thermal reaction system was explored by determining typical flavor substance contents and flavor differences.

Mutational disparities in colorectal cancers of White Americans, Alabama African Americans, And Oklahoma American Indians.

The high incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Alabama African Americans (AAs) and Oklahoma American Indians (AIs) are recognized as cancer disparities, yet the underlying causes have been poorly demonstrated. By evaluating CRC whole-exome sequencing and mutational profiles, here we report sets of mutated genes whose frequencies differed significantly (p < 0.05) in a race-specific manner.

Effects of COVID-19 Infection on Symptom Severity and Disability in Multiple Sclerosis.

Background And Objectives: Infections, including infection with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), could alter the course of multiple sclerosis (MS). Previous studies assessing the effects of COVID-19 on MS outcomes were small and had discordant findings. The study objective was to evaluate the association of COVID-19 infection with changes in the trajectory of MS symptoms and disability.

The relationship between radiographic disc calcification score and FGF4L2 genotype in dachshunds.

Background: The relationship between radiographic disc calcification score and FGF4L2 genotype has been reported in only a small number of dachshunds.

Hypothesis: A genotype with either 0 or 1 FGF4L2 copy will be associated with a lower number of calcified discs (lower K-n) compared with a genotype with 2 FGF4L2 copies.

Animals: Dachshunds registered with the Norwegian or Finnish Kennel Clubs for which both K-n and FGF4L2 genotype are known (n = 407).

Competence to expertise in nursing practice.

: A shift from a content-focused curriculum to a competency-based curriculum has occurred in nursing education. Competency-based education (CBE) is highly debated within higher education despite the need for competency. Competency-based education (CBE) is a form of education that takes a curriculum from a focus on an actual role or analysis perspective to an individual student's progress based on their demonstrated performance of aspects of the role.

Vaginal Orthosis After Native Tissue Reconstructive Surgery: Design and Phase 0.

Importance: Pelvic organ prolapse recurrence following native tissue repair occurs with composite failure rates of 9-19% within 12 months, predominantly involving apical/anterior compartments. Objective The objective of this study was to develop a novel vaginal orthosis (NVO) device prototype through an iterative design process based on investigator and user feedback.

Study Design: The NVO was designed based on pelvic floor biomechanical principles to mitigate unopposed intra-abdominal pressure of the anterior vagina by absorbing and redirecting intra-abdominal forces to the levator ani and tailored to accommodate postoperative vaginal caliber and axis.

Structural Feature of Salty/Saltiness-Enhancing Peptides Derived from and Their Stability during Subsequent Thermal Treatment and Maillard Reaction.

Through a quantitative analysis of saltiness perception, favorable enzymatic hydrolysis parameters were confirmed for the preparation of saltiness-enhancing peptide mixtures from . The enzymatic hydrolysate was fractionated into four fractions (F1-F4) by gel chromatography, with F3 exhibiting the strongest saltiness-enhancing effect (22% increase). LC-MS/MS analysis of F3 identified 36 peptides, and their secondary structures and interactions with the TMC4 receptor were examined through circular dichroism spectroscopy and molecular docking.

Identification and Health Risks of an Emerging Means of Drug Use in Correctional Facilities.

Importance: Recreational use of drug-soaked paper strips (hereafter, strips) in correctional facilities poses a major public health risk owing to the diverse and potentially severe toxic effects of the substances they contain. Understanding the clinical manifestations and outcomes of exposure to these strips is important for developing effective management and prevention strategies.

Objective: To characterize the clinical manifestations, management, and outcomes of intoxication from strips in a correctional facility population, and to identify the specific substances present in these strips.

Artificial intelligence in emergency and trauma radiology: ASER AI/ML expert panel Delphi consensus statement on research guidelines, practices, and priorities.

Background: Emergency/trauma radiology artificial intelligence (AI) is maturing along all stages of technology readiness, with research and development (R&D) ranging from data curation and algorithm development to post-market monitoring and retraining.

Purpose: To develop an expert consensus document on best research practices and methodological priorities for emergency/trauma radiology AI.

Methods: A Delphi consensus exercise was conducted by the ASER AI/ML expert panel between 2022-2024.

Effect of low- and moderate-intensity endurance exercise on physical functioning among breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Compare the effects of low-intensity and moderate-intensity exercise on physical functioning in breast cancer survivors.

Methods: Women aged 50 + years and post-primary treatment for stage 0 to III breast cancer were randomly assigned to a 6-month low-intensity (LIG) or moderate-intensity (MIG) exercise group. Participants were instructed to walk (low- or moderate-intensity) for 30 min five days a week, followed by flexibility exercises, and do strengthening and balance exercises twice weekly.

Uncovering novel functions of the enigmatic, abundant, and active in a salt marsh ecosystem.

, particularly uncultured representatives, are one of the most abundant microbial groups in coastal salt marshes, dominating the belowground rhizosphere, where over half of plant biomass production occurs. However, this class generally remains poorly understood, particularly in a salt marsh context. Here, novel metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) were generated from the salt marsh rhizosphere representing , , JAAYZQ01, B4-G1, JAFGEY01, UCB3, and orders.