Investigating the current environmental situation in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region during the third wave of COVID-19 pandemic: urban vs. rural context.

Background: Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to a massive global socio-economic tragedy that has impacted the ecosystem. This paper aims to contextualize urban and rural environmental situations during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region.

Results: An online survey was conducted, 6770 participants were included in the final analysis, and 64% were females.

KNOWLEDGE ABOUT RISK AND PROTECTIVE MEASURES RELATED TO DIAGNOSTIC RADIATION AMONG MEDICAL STAFF IN TEACHING HOSPITALS (WASIT PROVINCE).

Objective: The aim: The goal of this research is to find out how much medical staff is acknowledged about radiation protection.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: In Teaching Hospitals, Wasit Province, a questionnaire study in 165 medical personnel was conducted. Part 1 of the questionnaire included sociodemographic information such as age, gender, and employment, whereas part 2 included 16 knowledge-related questions, divided into two sections: health risk (8 questions) and preventative strategies (8 questions).

COMPARISON OF THE ONSET OF SENSORY BLOCK USING LIDOCAINE 1.5% WITH ADRENALINE OR LIDOCAINE 1.5% WITH ADRENALINE AND DEXAMETHASONE IN ULTRASOUND GUIDED AXILLARY NERVE BLOCK FOR BELOW ELBOW SURGERIES.

Objective: The aim: To demonstrate the onset of dexamethasone when added to lidocaine in ultrasound regional axillary brachial block.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: 30 patients participated in this study in Al-wasity hospital from June 1st to December 1st 2019; all were of ASA I-II type, aged 18-65 years old. All patients were scheduled for upper limb below elbow surgery with peripheral nerve block.

DEVELOPMENT OF CONTINUOUS ANTI-SOLVENT RECRYSTALLIZATION METHOD TO PRODUCE CEFTRIAXONE SODIUM NANO CRYSTALS INJECTION USING CERAMIC FILTRATION.

Objective: The aim: In this work we developed a method of continuous recrystallization to meet industrial requirements.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: Continuous recrystallization method was investigated using porous ceramic filter for water purification with pour size less than 1 μm, that ensures high mixing rate of ethanol and water.

Results: Results and conclusions: The results of experiments using crystallization through ceramic filter, gives superior products in particle size, and produced needle shaped ceftriaxone crystals form, that showed significant improvement in dissolution time and obtained ceftriaxone sodium powder to be reconstituted in injectable formula that give clear solution without insoluble microparticles.

LINAGLIPTIN AND GLICLAZIDE DI-LOADED EXTENDED-RELEASE NANOPARTICLES: FORMULATION AND EVALUATION.

Objective: The aim: This work aimed to formulate gliclazide and linagliptin extended-release nanoparticles.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: A HPLC method was developed and validated to determine gliclazide and linagliptin at the same time without interference. The nanoparticles were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation using two polymers, namely hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) 4000 cps and xanthan gum.

ROLE OF MICRORNA-155 AS A DIAGNOSTIC BIOMARKER FOR HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS ASSOCIATED CERVICAL CANCER.

Objective: The aim: This study was designed to investigate the potential role of miRNA-155 in the pathogenesis of HPV-induced cervical cancer.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: A total of 42 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) cervical cancer tissue samples and 38 FFPE normal cervical tissue samples were used (they were collected at the Department of Pathology, Baghdad teaching hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, between January 2019 to January 2021). Following HPV testing and genotyping, the expression of miRNA-155 were evaluated by real-time PCR (qPCR).

ASSOCIATION OF GENETIC POLYMORPHISM AND EXPRESSION OF UMOD GENE AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE.

Objective: The aim: This study is designed to investigate the possible association of genetic polymorphism expression of UMOD gene and chronic kidney disease in population.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: In the current study, the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in the promoter region of the UMOD gene in CKD patients to assess its association with the kidney outcome of CKD. So 50 patients' blood samples suffered from CKD were collected.

AWARENESS REGARDING PAP SMEAR AMONG WOMEN IN BAGHDAD CITY, IRAQ.

Objective: The aim: The aim of this study was to determine the awareness level regarding pap smear in women living in Baghdad city, Iraq.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was done in 265 women living in Baghdad city using internet-based survey. Questionnaire was adopted from a previous study to measure the awareness level among women.

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF HEPATIC NUCLEAR FACTOR 4 ALPHA EXPRESSION IN THE CHOROID PLEXUS OF THE LATERAL AND 4TH VENTRICLES OF ADULT MALE RAT BRAIN.

Objective: The aim: This study aims to compare the lateral and fourth ventricles of CPs using hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α), metabolism marker, to evaluate the functional activity of this tissue in two regions.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: Ten adult male albino rats were used to study the histological features of the CPs and to study the functional activity by quantitative immunohistochemical labelling with HNF4α marker.

Results: Results: The CP of the fourth ventricle had more functional activity than the CP of the lateral ventricle.

COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF DEXAMETHASONE ON THE BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL IN PREGNANT AND NON-PREGNANT WOMEN UNDER GENERAL ANESTHESIA.

Objective: The aim: To compared blood glucose concentrations after intravenous injection of dexamethasone in the pregnant and non-pregnant women under general anesthesia.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: Eighty patients aged 18-50 years took part in the study (ASA class 1 and 2). Forty of patients were undergoing elective cesarean section under G/A and the other forty undergoing elective laparoscopic Cholecystectomy under G/A.

EVALUATION THE EFFECT OF PRODIGIOSIN ON ALGD EXPRESSION IN CLINICAL ISOLATES OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the role of prodigiosin on P. aeruginosa' s biofilm genes involved in the pathogenicity and persistency of the bacteria.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: Gram negative bacterial isolates were taken from burn and wounds specimen obtained from some of Baghdad hospitals.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO DIFFERENT DOSES OF DEXMEDETOMIDINE AS ADJUNCT TO LIDOCAINE IN INTRAVENOUS REGIONAL ANESTHESIA.

Objective: The aim: To compare the different doses of dexmedetomidine as adjuvant to lidocaine in intravenous regional anesthesia.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: Ninety patients participated in this study in Al-Yarmook teaching hospital in period between January 1st 2016 - July 1st 2016, divided randomly in to 3 groups. Group 1: received lidocaine diluted with normal saline; Group 2 - lidocaine with dexmedetomidine 0.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN APE1 GENE AND LUNG CANCER IN IRAQI POPULATION.

Objective: The aim: To find association between ape1 gene and lung cancer in Iraqi population.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: This study included forty patients with lung cancer and forty people of control group, ranging in age from 40 to 65 years old.

Results: Results: The results of (Asp/Glu) genotype showed a significant (p≤0.

OUTCOME OF ALLOGENEIC BONE MARROW TRANSPLANT FOR IRAQI PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA.

Objective: The aim: To assess the outcome of allogeneic transplant regarding the overall Survival (OS) and main predictors can effect the survival of such patients.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The records of seventy-nine Iraqi patients diagnosed with non-promyelocytic AML, who underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation outside of Iraq between 2012 and 2019, had been reviewed. The information had been collected from the data available in Bone Marrow Transplant Centre in Baghdad Medical City.