Videodermoscopic Changes of the Hair in Vitiligo Lesions in Relation to Disease Duration.

Introduction: Vitiligo is an acquired disease of complex pathogenesis, in which the immunologic attack to the skin and hair follicle melanocytes leads to areas of depigmentation and leukotrichia, respectively.

Objectives: To study the dermoscopic features of the hair changes in vitiligo lesions in comparison to perilesional control areas and in relation to disease duration.

Methods: Forty-seven patients with both old and recent vitiligo lesions were included.

Novel nicotinamide skin-adhesive hot melt extrudates for treatment of acne.

Objectives: Hot melt extrusion is a continuous process with wide industrial applicability. Till current date, there have been no reports on the formulation of extrudates for topical treatment of dermatological diseases.

Methods: The aim of the present work was to prepare and characterize medicated hot melt extrudates based on Soluplus polymer and nicotinamide, and to explore their applicability in acne treatment.

Phospholipid membrane tubulation using ceramide doping "Cerosomes": Characterization and clinical application in psoriasis treatment.

Nanotechnology and material surface modification have provided a functional platform for the advancement of several medical fields such as dermatology. Furthermore, the smart choice of preparation material was proven to confer unique properties to the developed nanosystems. In this context, we focused on the sphingolipid "ceramide", whose deficiency was found to negatively affect psoriasis.

Jojoba Oil Soft Colloidal Nanocarrier of a Synthetic Retinoid: Preparation, Characterization and Clinical Efficacy in Psoriatic Patients.

Background: Nanotechnology has provided substantial benefits in drug delivery, especially in the treatment of dermatological diseases. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in which topical delivery of antipsoriatic agents is considered the first line treatment.

Objective: To investigate whether the encapsulation of the synthetic retinoid tazarotene in a nanocarrier based on jojoba oil would decrease its irritation potential and clinically improve its therapeutic outcome in psoriatic patients.

Fractional Microneedling: A Novel Method for Enhancement of Topical Anesthesia Before Skin Aesthetic Procedures.

Background: Skin microneedling or fractional microneedle therapy is a recent approach used for skin rejuvenation or to enhance transdermal delivery of topical medications.

Objective: The authors evaluated the efficacy of skin microneedling, using an automated device, to enhance the numbing effect of topical anesthesia, used before minimally invasive aesthetic approaches.

Methods: Fifteen patients, looking for treatment of atrophic acne scars, were subjected to randomized split-face study comparing automated fractional skin microneedling (0.

Microneedling Therapy for Atrophic Acne Scars: An Objective Evaluation.

Objective: Treatment of acne scarring is always a challenge. Microneedling therapy or percutaneous collagen induction is a new addition to the treatment modalities for such scars and has been reported to be simple and effective in atrophic acne scar treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical effect and objectively quantify the histological changes of acne scarring in response to skin microneedling.

Could nanovesicles containing a penetration enhancer clinically improve the therapeutic outcome in skin fungal diseases?

Aim: To study whether the formulation of an antifungal drug in nanovesicular form containing skin penetration enhancer would clinically modulate its therapeutic effectiveness.

Materials & Methods: Nanovesicles containing different skin penetration enhancers 'PEVs' were prepared and loaded with sertaconazole. Penetration-enhancer vesicles were characterized for entrapment efficiency, particle size, zeta potential, elasticity, viscosity, morphology and ex vivo skin deposition.

Multiple microneedling sessions for minimally invasive facial rejuvenation: an objective assessment.

Background: Microneedling or percutaneous collagen induction is a new modality used for skin rejuvenation, tightening, and scar remodeling. It offers a simple and effective treatment for photoaged skin with minimal disruption of the epidermis, thus limiting adverse effects and minimizing downtime.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy, coupled with quantitative assessment, of the histological changes in response to multiple sessions of skin microneedling in the treatment of aging skin.

The use of Botulinum toxin-a injection for facial wrinkles: a histological and immunohistochemical evaluation.

Botulinum toxin (BTX)-A has been used for years in the reduction of facial wrinkles; however, histological and immunohistochemical changes after its use were not previously investigated. To evaluate histological and immunohistochemical changes after BTX-A injection for facial wrinkles, sixteen volunteers, with wrinkles on the upper third of the face, were subjected to single injection of BTX-A. Skin biopsy specimens were obtained from peri-orbital wrinkle site (crow's feet area) before and after 3 months of BTX-A injection.

Immunohistochemical localization of basement membrane laminin 5 and collagen IV in adult linear IgA disease.

Background: Linear immunoglobulin A disease (LAD), also known as linear IgA bullous dermatosis, is an autoimmune disorder characterized by subepidermal bullae caused by IgA autoantibodies directed against several antigens located in the basement membrane zone of the skin. Laminin 5 (laminin-332) is considered a key component of the lamina lucida/lamina densa interface, which provides stable attachment of the epidermis to the dermis. Meanwhile, collagen IV is a major component of the lamina densa.

The effect of latanoprost on vitiligo: a preliminary comparative study.

Latanoprost (LT), a prostaglandin F 2alpha (PGF2a ) analogue used in the treatment of glaucoma, was found to induce skin pigmentation in guinea pigs in addition to its known periocular and iridal pigmentation side effects. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of topical LT in the induction of skin repigmentation in patients with vitiligo and to compare its potency with narrow band ultraviolet (UV) B (NB-UVB). The result of their combination was also assessed.

Expression of transforming growth factor-β after different non-invasive facial rejuvenation modalities.

Background: Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a major regulator of the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in human skin as it stimulates fibroblast proliferation and collagen production. Perturbed TGF-β expression may play a key role in the pathogenesis of skin aging.

Objectives: This study was conducted to objectively evaluate the effects of different modalities of non-invasive facial rejuvenation on TGF-β expression and to correlate its level with that of newly synthesized collagen.

Nail changes and disorders in elderly Egyptians.

Background: The nail unit is an important part of cosmetic appearance of an individual. Older people are at an increased risk of nail alterations, including normal age-related changes and disorders that more commonly affect this specific population.

Objectives: To identify and evaluate the age-related nail changes and disorders in Egyptian elderly people both clinically and histopathologically.

Forehead wrinkles: a histological and immunohistochemical evaluation.

Background: Wrinkles are associated with cutaneous aging especially on sun-exposed skin. Despite they are considered a major topic in cosmetic dermatology, very few reports have studied the specific histological and immunohistochemical changes characteristic for wrinkles.

Aim: The study aims to evaluate the histological and immunohistochemical changes of static forehead wrinkles in relation to surrounding photoaged skin.

Most individuals with either segmental or non-segmental vitiligo display evidence of bilateral cochlear dysfunction.

Background: Vitiligo has been classified clinically into segmental vitiligo (SV) and nonsegmental vitiligo (NSV) and may also be associated with audiological abnormalities.

Objectives: We examined cochlear function in ears of individuals with SV and NSV, including subjects with facial and nonfacial lesions, and in patients who have SV with unilateral facial involvement.

Methods: This study included 25 patients with SV and 28 patients with NSV.

Is mini-mental score examination scoring a new predictor of uncontrolled hypertension?

Essential hypertension is an important risk factor for target organ damage. The brain is among the target organs infrequently visited. The authors evaluated whether an abnormal Mini-Mental Score Examination (MMSE) score predicts uncontrolled hypertension even if office blood pressure is normal.

Multiple fractional erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser sessions for upper facial rejuvenation: clinical and histological implications and expectations.

Background: Fractional photothermolysis is a modern resurfacing technique, in which microscopic zones of thermal injury are created, stimulating turnover of both epidermis and dermis. Fractional laser rejuvenation has been developed to overcome the drawbacks of traditional ablative laser.

Objectives: To objectively evaluate the effectiveness of multiple sessions of fractional Er:YAG laser rejuvenation for aging upper face clinically, histologically and immunohistochemically.

Nephrocalcinosis in pre-term neonates: a study of incidence and risk factors.

The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of nephrocalcinosis (NC) in pre-term neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at the Al-Minya University, Egypt. The study included 97 pre-term neonates with a gestational age 34 weeks. Data on duration of hospitalization, sex, gestation, birth weight, family history of renal stone, need for respiratory support, intake of calcium and use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and nephrotoxic drugs were collected.

Expression of IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-17 in cutaneous schistosomal granuloma.

Objectives: Cutaneous schistosomal granuloma (CSG) is a rare dermatological disease, the clinical and histopathological features of which are well defined. Although a panoramic picture of its immunopathogenesis in humans is not yet available, it is believed to be induced by T helper 1 (Th1), Th2, or Th17 cytokines in animals. This study evaluated the expression of different types of Th cytokines, including Th1 cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ), Th2 cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4), and Th17 cytokine IL-17, in human CSG.

Beyond vitiligo guidelines: combined stratified/personalized approaches for the vitiligo patient.

'Vitiligo' is a word that bears endless possibilities and no promises. Each vitiligo patient has a different story that demands a different therapeutic approach. Even though great efforts have been made to evaluate, study, compare and document the different therapeutic modalities available for vitiligo, clearly handling their modes of actions as well as their side effects and establishing clear stratified guidelines, numerous dilemmas are frequently met on practical grounds.

Risk factors and outcomes of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn in neonatal intensive care unit of Al-minya university hospital in egypt.

Background: Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) result from the failure of the normal fetal-to-neonatal circulatory transition is associated with substantial infant mortality and morbidity.

Objective: To estimate the possible risk factors and assess the outcome of these cases.

Materials And Methods: Prospective study was performed enrolling all full-term and post-term newborn admitted to the NICU from January 2009 to April 2012, All neonates were subjected to complete history and physical examination, laboratory data including a complete blood count, arterial blood gases, blood glucose, serum electrolytes, and blood culture to exclude sepsis.

Expression of p53 protein after nonablative rejuvenation: the other side of the coin.

Background: Disturbance of p53 expression may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ultraviolet (UV) light-induced skin cancer as well as photoaging.

Objectives: To objectively evaluate the potential effect of nonablative facial rejuvenation on p53 expression.

Participants And Methods: Thirty patients with Fitzpatrick skin type III to IV were divided into five groups.

Clinical study of nail changes in vitiligo.

Both vitiligo and alopecia areata (AA) are associated together, associated with other autoimmune diseases, and autoimmunity is one of the important theories in their etiology. Nail changes are a known association with AA, thus we hypothesized that nail changes can be found in vitiligo patients. On revising the literature, only two types of nail changes were described in association with vitiligo.