67 results match your criteria: "Al-Hadi University College[Affiliation]"

Pathological roles of lncRNA HOTAIR in liver cancer: An updated review.

Gene

December 2024

Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq.

Liver cancer ranks as the sixth most prevalent form of cancer and stands as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related fatalities on a global scale. The two primary types of liver cancer are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). While ICC originates from the bile ducts, HCC develops from hepatocytes, which are the primary functional cells of the liver.

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Advancements in Exosome Proteins for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Detection: With a Focus on Nanotechnology.

AAPS PharmSciTech

November 2024

Department of Refrigeration and air Conditioning Techniques, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq.

Breast cancer, a leading cause of mortality among women, has been recognized as requiring improved diagnostic methods. Exosome proteins, found in small extracellular vesicles, have emerged as a promising solution, reflecting the state of their cell of origin and playing key roles in cancer progression. This review examines their potential in breast cancer diagnosis, discussing advanced isolation and characterization techniques such as ultracentrifugation and microfluidic-based approaches.

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Article Synopsis
  • Natural killer (NK) cells are important immune cells in cancer therapy, with treatments aimed at enhancing their anti-cancer functions in the body.
  • NK cell-derived exosomes (NDEs) are safe, easily modified, and can boost the effectiveness of various cancer therapies while minimizing side effects.
  • The review discusses the potential and challenges of different NK cell therapies, the impact of tumor exosomes on NK cells, and the future role of NDEs in improving cancer immunotherapy outcomes.
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Despite the ongoing progress in detecting and treating cancer, there is still a need for extensive research into the molecular mechanisms involved in the emergence, progression, and resistance to recurrence of female reproductive tissue-specific cancers such as ovarian, breast, cervical, and endometrial cancers. The nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that exhibits increased expression in female tumors. Moreover, elevated levels of NEAT1 have been associated with poorer survival outcomes in cancer patients.

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Synthesis, characterization, and applications of starch-based nano drug delivery systems for breast cancer therapy: A review.

Int J Biol Macromol

November 2024

Department of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Techniques, College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Department of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Techniques, College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; Department of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Techniques, College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq. Electronic address:

The review examined the potential of starch-based drug delivery systems for managing breast cancer efficiently. It covered the background of breast cancer and the significance of drug delivery systems in treatment enhancement. Starch, known for its versatile physicochemical properties, was explored as a promising biopolymer for drug delivery.

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  • The EGF receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway is vital for tumor growth and cancer progression, and miRNAs play a key regulatory role in this process.
  • MiRNAs can directly inhibit EGF ligands and target various components involved in EGF signaling, leading to disturbances that promote cancer cell survival and spread.
  • By understanding how miRNAs interact with EGF signaling, there's potential to develop targeted therapies that could enhance cancer treatment outcomes and tackle issues like therapeutic resistance.
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The intricate interplay between Homeobox genes, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and the development of malignancies represents a rapidly expanding area of research. Specific discernible lncRNAs have been discovered to adeptly regulate HOX gene expression in the context of cancer, providing fresh insights into the molecular mechanisms that govern cancer development and progression. An in-depth comprehension of these intricate associations may pave the way for innovative therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment.

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  • Cancer happens when cells grow uncontrollably and spread into nearby areas, making it a dangerous illness.
  • In rich countries, cancer causes the most deaths, while in poorer countries, it causes the second most.
  • New tools help doctors find cancer earlier, leading to better treatment, but these tools can be expensive and hard to use for some deep tumors.
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  • The study introduces a new sensor made from a combination of zinc oxide and cobalt oxide (ZnO/CoO) designed for detecting levodopa, a medication used for Parkinson's disease.
  • This sensor, modified with a specific type of screen-printed electrode, shows clear and enhanced signals for levodopa in a phosphate buffer solution at a pH of 6.0, making it effective for measurements.
  • Using a technique called differential pulse voltammetry, the sensor demonstrated a wide detection range (0.001-800.0 μM) and a very low limit of detection (0.81 nM), while also being unaffected by the presence of other substances, indicating high selectivity in real sample analysis.
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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are single-stranded RNAs that have received much attention in recent years. CircRNAs lack a 5' head and a 3' poly-A tail. The structure of this type of RNAs make them resistant to digestion by exonucleases.

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Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential receptors involved in inflammation and innate immunity. Various types of cancer cells, as well as innate immune cells, express TLRs. There is mounting proof that TLRs are critical to the development and spread of cancer as well as metabolism.

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Pulmonary injury is one of the key restricting factors for the therapy of malignancies with chemotherapy or following radiotherapy for chest cancers. The lung is a sensitive organ to some severely toxic antitumor drugs, consisting of bleomycin and alkylating agents. Furthermore, treatment with radiotherapy may drive acute and late adverse impacts on the lung.

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Context: Phographene and its family member structures are of the newly proposed semiconductors for detection of chemicals. That is, in this project, the potential of using α-phographene (α-POG) both for adsorption and detection of five types of the most important air pollutant gases containing SO, AsH, CFH, NO, and CO species were investigated.  The results of the time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations indicate that during the adsorption of NO, and SO by the sorbent, big redshifts occur (up to 866.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) involves various genetic alterations, with liver metastasis posing a significant clinical challenge. Furthermore, CRC cells mostly show an increase in resistance to traditional treatments like chemotherapy. It is essential to investigate more advanced and effective therapies to prevent medication resistance and metastases and extend patient life.

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Selecting an appropriate anode material (AM) has been considered to be a crucial initial step in advancing high-performance batteries. Within this piece of research, we examine the suitability of the BCNA monolayer (referred to as BCNAML) as an AM by first-principles calculations. The BCNAML exhibits metallic behavior consistently, even with varying concentrations of Na atoms, making it an ideal choice for battery usages.

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Background: It has been suggested that metabolic syndrome (MetS) accelerates the aging process, potentially contributing to the development of age-related complications. Available studies examining the relation of MetS to telomere length (TL), a putative biological marker of aging, have yielded inconclusive findings. This meta-analysis was performed to investigate the association between MetS and TL.

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  • Pancreatic cancer is a major health challenge with few effective treatments, largely influenced by its tumor stroma, which consists of various non-cancerous cells and proteins that aid tumor growth and drug resistance.
  • Targeting the tumor stroma by remodeling it with phytochemicals—natural compounds found in plants—shows promise for enhancing the effects of chemotherapy and immunotherapy by disrupting the communication between tumor cells and their environment.
  • The review discusses how phytochemicals can modify the tumor stroma and explores their potential in combination with existing cancer treatments, emphasizing their anti-cancer, immunomodulatory, and anti-angiogenic properties.
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Context: Various toxic gasses are being released into the environment with the increasing industrialization. However, detecting these gasses at low concentrations has become one of the main challenges in environmental monitoring and protection. Thus, developing sensors with high performance to detect toxic gasses is of utmost significance.

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Pulmonary toxicity is a serious side effect of some specific anticancer drugs. Bleomycin is a well-known anticancer drug that triggers severe reactions in the lungs. It is an approved drug that may be prescribed for the treatment of testicular cancers, Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, ovarian cancer, head and neck cancers, and cervical cancer.

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Cold tumors lack antitumor immunity and are resistant to therapy, representing a major challenge in cancer medicine. Because of the immunosuppressive spirit of the tumor microenvironment (TME), this form of tumor has a low response to immunotherapy, radiotherapy, and also chemotherapy. Cold tumors have low infiltration of immune cells and a high expression of co-inhibitory molecules, such as immune checkpoints and immunosuppressive molecules.

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Exosomes are the primary category of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are lipid-bilayer vesicles with biological activity spontaneously secreted from either normal or tansformed cells. They serve a crucial role for intercellular communication and affect extracellular environment and the immune system. Tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) enclose high levels of immunosuppressive proteins, including programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1).

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Nanotechnology has significantly transformed cancer treatment by introducing innovative methods for delivering drugs effectively. This literature review provided an in-depth analysis of the role of nanocarriers in cancer therapy, with a particular focus on the critical concept of the 'stealth effect.' The stealth effect refers to the ability of nanocarriers to evade the immune system and overcome physiological barriers.

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