Periprocedural anxiety associated with cardiac catheterisation and the monitored physiological measures.

Objectives: To describe, compare and examine self-reported anxiety levels and associated physiological responses of blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate of patients undergoing cardiac catheterisation (CATH).

Methods: Repeated measure design was used to assess a sample of 100 patients who had undergone cardiac catheterisation (CATH) in a major specialised heart institute in Jordan.

Results: Patients' anxiety levels differed significantly across the three time periods (baseline, prior to and post CATH).

Care-related pain in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients.

Despite advances in pain management, critically ill patients continue to have unacceptably high rates of uncontrolled pain. Using the Behavioural Pain Scale and physiological indicators of pain, this study examines pain levels in mechanically ventilated patients prior to and during routine nursing procedures. A prospective descriptive design was used to assess and describe care-related pain associated with nociceptive procedures (repositioning, endotracheal suctioning, and vascular punctures) and non-nociceptive procedures (mouth care, eye care and dressing change).

Pain Assessment and Management in Critically ill Intubated Patients in Jordan: A Prospective Study.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe: (1) pain indicators used by nurses and physicians to assess pain, (2) pain management interventions (pharmacological and non-pharmacological) used by nurses, and (3) indicators used by nurses to verify pain intervention effectiveness.

Methodology: A total of 301 medical records of currently admitted patients from six different ICUs in Jordan were reviewed using a data collection instrument developed by Gélinas et al. (2004) Pain-related indicators were classified into non-observable (patient's self-reports of pain) and observable (physiological and behavioral) categories.

Pain among mechanically ventilated patients in critical care units.

Background: Pain is a common experience among mechanically ventilated patients. Pain among mechanically ventilated patients is aggravated by factors such as stage of illness, invasive procedures, and surgical interventions. The aim to this study was to investigate pain levels and predictors among mechanically ventilated patients during rest and routine nursing interventions.