Protection of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Films against Photodegradation Using Various Valsartan Tin Complexes.

Poly(vinyl chloride) is a common plastic that is widely used in many industrial applications. Poly(vinyl chloride) is mixed with additives to improve its mechanical and physical properties and to enable its use in harsh environments. Herein, to protect poly(vinyl chloride) films against photoirradiation with ultraviolet light, a number of tin complexes containing valsartan were synthesized and their chemical structures were established.

B cell dysregulation in primary Sjögren's syndrome: A review.

Primary Sjögren's syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disorder of unknown etiology and is characterized by progressive focal lymphocytic infiltration of the lacrimal and salivary glands. Comparison of B cell subsets from the peripheral blood and salivary glands of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome and those from healthy individuals shows dysregulation and derangement of B cell subsets in both peripheral circulation and in inflamed glandular tissues. This dysregulation is expressed as a decrease in the percentage of CD27+ memory B cells in peripheral blood and an increase in the CD27+ memory B cells in the affected glands.

Value of Combination of Standard Axial and Thin-Section Coronal Diffusion-weighted Imaging in Diagnosis of Acute Brainstem Infarction.

Aim: To determine the value of the combination of thin-section 3 mm coronal and standard axial DWI and their impact in facilitating the diagnosis of acute brainstem infarction.

Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted from the 1st of April 2017 to the end of February 2018 on 100 consecutive patients (66% were male, and 34% were female) with isolated acute ischemic infarction in the brainstem. The abnormal MRI findings concerning the ischemic lesions were interpreted on standard axial 5 mm and thin-section coronal 3mm DWI.

Validity and reliability of anti-diabetic medication adherence scale among patients with diabetes in Baghdad, Iraq: a pilot study.

Background: Medication non-adherence is a common problem among patients with diabetes. Patient-reported medication adherence scales are the most commonly used method to assess patient medication adherence, but up to today there is no specific tool for assessing medication adherence among patients with diabetes in Arab countries. This study aimed to develop and validate a new tool for assessment of adherence to antidiabetic medications among Iraqi patients with diabetes.

Discovery, synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of phenolic compounds from Cylicodiscus gabunensis.

Background: Cylicodiscus gabunensis Harms (Family Leguminosae) (CG) is an African medicinal plant used as a treatment of various ailments including malaria, liver diseases, and gastrointestinal disturbances. Its extracts showed potent in vitro antibacterial activity. However, the antibacterial components are unknown.

Case report and video presentation: Trans-urethral resection of bladder endometriosis.

Urinary endometriosis is a rare condition accounting for 1-5.5% of the extragenital endometriosis locations. The diagnosis takes long time during which patient misdiagnosed as urinary tract infection or interstitial cystitis.

Preparation, Diagnosis, Biological Activity, and Theoretical Studies of Some Mixed Drug Complexes.

This paper includes synthesis and characterization of mixed ligand complexes derived from mefenamic acid and metformin using transition metal ions such as Co(II) and Cu(II). These complexes have been characterized by magnetic susceptibility, molar conductance, TG analyses, and spectral techniques such as FTIR and UV spectra. The theoretical study of the ligands and their complexes using semiempirical (PM6) method was used to measure IR and UV spectroscopy, HOMO-LUMO categories of the ligands.

Incidence of Dentinal Root Defects Caused by RECIPROC Blue, ProTaper Gold, ProTaper NEXT and RECIPROC Nickel Titanium Rotary Instruments.

Aim: This study was conducted to measure and compare the incidence of dentinal defects caused by (RECIPROC blue, ProTaper Gold, ProTaper NEXT and RECIPROC) nickel titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-five palatal roots of freshly extracted human maxillary first molars were used in this study. The total samples were randomly divided into five groups.

Fabrication of Novel Ball-Like Polystyrene Films Containing Schiff Base Microspheres as Photostabilizers.

Polystyrene films containing a low concentration of three highly aromatic Schiff bases were prepared using the casting method. The polystyrene films were irradiated with ultraviolet light (300 h). The polystyrene infrared spectra, weight loss, molecular weight reduction and the surface morphology were examined upon irradiation.

The Morphology and Performance of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Containing Melamine Schiff Bases against Ultraviolet Light.

Five Schiff bases derived from melamine have been used as efficient additives to reduce the process of photodegradation of poly(vinyl chloride) films. The performance of Schiff bases has been investigated using various techniques. Poly(vinyl chloride) films containing Schiff bases were irradiated with ultraviolet light and any changes in their infrared spectra, weight, and the viscosity of their average molecular weight were investigated.

Factors that affect outcome of pediatric shock waves lithotripsy with sedoanalgesia.

Introduction: Performing shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) under intravenous sedoanalgesia and the ability to predict the effectiveness of SWL is essential in determining the most appropriate treatment for patients.

Patients And Methods: This study consisted of 56 children aged between 1 and 16 years mean age 6.7 ± 4.

Inherited Bleeding Disorders in Iraq and Consanguineous Marriage.

Consanguineous marriage is defined as inbreeding between second cousins or closer. In such families there will be a potential increase in the autosomal recessive traits with its lethal effect, with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality in the new generation. Inherited bleeding disorders (InBDs) are rare complicated diseases, difficult and expensive to treat, the defect usually due to quantitative or qualitative deficiency of clotting factors, platelets or fibrinolysis.

The effect of high UV radiation exposure environment on the novel PVC polymers.

Although plastic induces environmental damages, almost the consumption of poly(vinyl chloride) never stops increasing. Therefore, this work abstracted by two parts, first, synthesis of Schiff bases 1-4 compounds through the reaction of amino group with appropriate aromatic aldehyde, reaction of PVC with Schiff bases compounds 1-4 in THF to form a new modified PVC-1, PVC-2, PVC-3, and PVC-4. The structures of Schiff bases 1-4 and the modified PVC-1, PVC-2, PVC-3, and PVC-4 have been characterized by different spectroscopic analyses.

Predictive risk factors of venous thromboembolism (VTE) associated with peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) in ambulant solid cancer patients: retrospective single Centre cohort study.

Aims: Peripherally inserted central catheters(PICC) lines are becoming increasingly popular in solid cancer patients for the administration of chemotherapy. This study aims looking at the incidence of PICC line related and distant thromboembolism associated with these catheters and exploring risk factors.

Methods: Records were reviewed for 158 patients who underwent PICC line insertion over the two years period in the medical oncology unit, Milton Keynes University Hospital.

Self-management knowledge and practice of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Baghdad, Iraq: a qualitative study.

Unlabelled: Diabetes self-management behaviors are necessary to ensure optimum glycemic control. However, limited data were available regarding the practice of self-management by the Iraqi diabetic patients. This study aims to understand the knowledge, behaviors, and barriers of diabetes self-management among Iraqi type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in addition to their opinions and views toward the diabetes self-management educational program.

Application of biorelevant saliva-based dissolution for optimisation of orally disintegrating formulations of felodipine.

The oral cavity is of great importance to the performance of orally retained formulations, including: orally disintegrating tablets, taste-masked formulations, and buccal/sublingual delivery systems. With regards to in vitro dissolution assessment of these dosage forms, human saliva should be represented by the dissolution media. Currently there is no general consensus regarding oral cavity dissolution.

On the reconstruction of the ancestral bacterial genomes in genus Mycobacterium and Brucella.

Background: To reconstruct the evolution history of DNA sequences, novel models of increasing complexity regarding the number of free parameters taken into account in the sequence evolution, as well as faster and more accurate algorithms, and statistical and computational methods, are needed. More particularly, as the principal forces that have led to major structural changes are genome rearrangements (such as translocations, fusions, and so on), understanding their underlying mechanisms, among other things via the ancestral genome reconstruction, are essential. In this problem, since finding the ancestral genomes that minimize the number of rearrangements in a phylogenetic tree is known to be NP-hard for three or more genomes, heuristics are commonly chosen to obtain approximations of the exact solution.

Methods for Structural Analysis of Amyloid Fibrils in Misfolding Diseases.

Many proteins and peptides are able to self-assemble in solution in vitro and in vivo to form amyloid-like fibrils. These fibrils share common structural characteristics. In order for a fibril to be characterized as amyloid, it is expected to fit certain criteria including the composition of cross-β.

Methodology to estimate the break force of pharmaceutical tablets with curved faces under diametrical compression.

This paper develops a methodology to estimate the break force of curved faced tablets under diametrical compression. Common excipients used in pharmaceutical tablet formulations, including microcrystalline cellulose, calcium phosphate and mannitol as well as their mixtures were characterised. Compacts of different densities were manufactured and their compressive and tensile strength was measured.

Theoretical Investigation of Hydride Insertion into N-Heterocyclic Carbenes Containing N, P, C, O and S Heteroatoms.

The endocyclic ring expansion of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) rings containing one N atom and one P, N, C, O or S heteroatom has been investigated in a computational study. Ring expansion was determined to follow a common pathway, leading to a final expanded six-membered ring that was predicted to be thermodynamically stable for all heterocycles. However, reactivity is driven by kinetics with ring-expansion reactivity not expected for the P/NHC and C/NHC (cAAC) containing heterocycles due to large barriers for ring-expansion.

Uranium, Thorium, Potassium, and Cesium Radionuclides Concentrations in Desert Truffles from the Governorate of Samawah in Southern Iraq.

Studies have been conducted in some southern Iraqi governorates to measure the radioactive contamination in the soil and have revealed that these areas are contaminated with radioactive materials. In these test sites, where many military operations have been conducted and that may have been affected by the Chernobyl accident, pollution and its impact on the truffle crop have been examined. Truffles are fungi that grow in the ground and can be contaminated by radiation from polluted soil.

Rapid and Highly Efficient Detection of Ultra-low Concentration of Penicillin G by Gold Nanoparticles/Porous Silicon SERS Active Substrate.

A new method for the detection of ultra-low concentration of penicillin G (PG) antibiotic was innovated using gold nanoparticles/porous silicon (AuNPs/PSi) SERS active substrate. PSi was employed as a template and a reducing agent to deposited aggregated AuNPs with a high density of hot spot regions. A highly enhancement performance and reproducible AuNPs/PSi SERS substrate was fabricated.