Tracking hepcidin level in induced type 2 diabetic rats and how Empagliflozin affects its level.

Background: Hepcidin is a hormone that contributes to iron homeostasis, produced either through hepatic or extrahepatic pathways. Its production may be affected by proinflammatory mediators released by macrophages, which play a role in the development of peripheral insulin resistance. Insulin itself may increase the production of hepcidin hormone from pancreatic β-cells.

Smart Nanoformulation Based on Polymeric Magnetic Nanoparticles and Vincristine Drug: A Novel Therapy for Apoptotic Gene Expression in Tumors.

Background: Advanced nanobiotechnology provides safe and efficient drug delivery systems to deliver chemotherapy that targets cancer cells efficiently.

Methods: A polymeric-magnetic nanocarrier was composed of a dextran (DEX) shell, a superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPION) core and was conjugated with folate (FA) to carry the anticancer drug vincristine (VNC) in Tera-1 testicular tumor cells. The molecular mechanisms by which apoptosis was induced were analyzed using flow cytometry and qPCR, which exhibited anticancer activity of nanoparticles (NPs).

Low oxytocin and melatonin levels and their possible role in the diagnosis and prognosis in Iraqi autistic children.

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Objectives: To test the possible association between oxytocin and melatonin levels with the severity of social and cognitive dysfunctions, and to study the correlation between these parameters in children with autism.

Methods: A case-control study was carried out in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq. The study was performed on 60 male autistic patients recruited from the Pediatric Department of Al-Sader General Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq between November 2014 and April 2015.

Urinary tract infections and antimicrobial sensitivity among diabetic patients at Khartoum, Sudan.

Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are more susceptible to urinary tract infection (UTI) than non-diabetics. Due to the emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) uropathogenic strains, the choice of antimicrobial agent is restricted. This study investigated the epidemiology of UTI, antimicrobial susceptibility, and resistance patterns of bacterial isolates from adult diabetic patients.

Optical coherence tomography in the assessment of suspicious oral lesions: an immediate ex vivo study.

Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an evolving optical technology that is capable of delivering real-time, high-resolution signatures of tissue.

Objectives: The purpose of this immediate ex vivo prospective clinical study was: (1) to assess the sensitivity and specificity of OCT on biopsy material in identifying potentially malignant and malignant oral lesions, (2) to determine the inter-observer agreement in the analysis of specific image parameters, and (3) to find out the oral epithelial thickness for different pathology groups.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study involved 125 suspicious oral lesions from 125 patients.

Skeletal and dental relapses after skeletal class III deformity correction surgery: single-jaw versus double-jaw procedures.

Objective: In this prospective comparative study, we looked at the postoperative dental and skeletal relapses in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery for skeletal class III deformity. The surgical interventions were single-jaw versus double-jaw procedures.

Study Design: Twenty-four adult patients with skeletal class III deformity presented with functional and esthetic problems.

Central and peripheral venous lines-associated blood stream infections in the critically ill surgical patients.

Critically ill surgical patients are always at increased risk of actual or potentially life-threatening health complications. Central/peripheral venous lines form a key part of their care. We review the current evidence on incidence of central and peripheral venous catheter-related bloodstream infections in critically ill surgical patients, and outline pathways for prevention and intervention.

Solitary giant neurofibroma of the neck subjected to photodynamic therapy: case study.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) - the fourth modality - has been successfully used in the management of early and advanced pathologies of the head and neck. We studied the effect of this modality on a giant solitary neurofibroma of the neck. A 70-year-old Caucasian female presented with left neck pain and disfigurement associated with slight shortness of breath and dysphagia.