Emerging trends in nano-sensors: A new frontier in food safety and quality assurance.

The rapid evolution of nanotechnology has catalyzed significant advancements in the design and application of nano-sensors, particularly within the food industry, where ensuring safety and quality is of paramount concern. This review explores the multifaceted role of nano-sensors constructed from diverse nanomaterials in detecting foodborne pathogens and toxins, offering a comprehensive analysis of their operational principles, sensitivity, and specificity. Nano-sensors leverage unique physical and chemical properties at the nanoscale to enhance the detection of microbial contamination, actively contributing to food safety protocols.

Impact of resistance training on cardiometabolic health-related indices in patients with type 2 diabetes and overweight/obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of resistance training on cardiometabolic health-related outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and overweight/obesity.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).

Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception up to May 2024.

The functional role of LncRNA HOXA-AS2 in multiple human cancers.

Humans have more than 270,000 lncRNAs. Among these, lncRNA HOXA-AS2 is considered a transformative gene involved in various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Thus, it can be regarded as a potential tumor marker for both diagnosis and prognosis.

Microwave-Assisted Buchwald-Hartwig Double Amination: A Rapid and Promising Approach for the Synthesis of TADF Compounds.

We herein report a microwave-assisted Buchwald-Hartwig double amination reaction to synthesize potential thermally activated delayed fluorescence compounds, forming C(sp)-N bonds between donor and acceptor units. Our approach reduces reaction times from 24 h to 10-30 min and achieves moderate to excellent yields, outperforming conventional heating methods. The method is compatible with various aryl bromides and secondary amines, including phenoxazine, phenothiazine, acridine, and carbazole.

Pathological, hematological, and biochemical alteration in broiler chickens infected with mycotoxin in Babylon province.

Background: Mycotoxins are considered one of the most important problems and threats that face poultry producers.

Aim: This study was conducted to investigate the pathological, hematological, and biochemical alterations in chickens fed on mycotoxins contamination ration.

Methods: 434 feed samples were collected from poultry farms operating in Babil Governorate/Iraq, where feed samples were collected over the course of 2023, and these samples were tested by direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine the level of mycotoxins.

Bovine Serum Albumin-Capped Fluorescent Copper Nanocluster Incorporated with 2D-Molybdenum Disulfide Nanosheets as a FRET-Based Immune Probe for the "Turn-On" Detection of cTnT.

Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of mortality worldwide, as stated by the World Health Organization. We utilized the red fluorescence emitted by copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) to detect cardiac Troponin T (cTnT). We designed a fluorescent probe to detect cTnT using an on-off-on technique.

Red emitting fluorescence sensor based on Eu-tungstate complex for the detection of bilirubin in biological fluid.

Bilirubin is an important biomarker indicative of human health metabolism, especially in jaundice disease. In this work, we develop an Eu (Europium)-tungstate complex-based turn-off luminescence detection method for bilirubin in human (urineand serum)samples. The Eu-tungstate complex was synthesized by a straightforward one-pot procedure at ambient temperature, utilizing Europium chloride and Sodium tungstate as the precursors.

Quantum dot-to-dye-based fluorescent ratiometric immunoassay for GFAP: a biomarker for ischaemic stroke and glioblastoma multiforme.

Ischaemic stroke and glioma, as leading causes of mortality and long-term disability, pose critical challenges to healthcare systems, necessitating innovative approaches to enable early and cost-effective diagnosis for timely intervention. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), an astrocyte-produced protein, is highly responsive to both ischaemic stroke and glioblastoma multiforme, with its levels correlating to the extent of brain damage. In this study, we present the development of an immunoassay probe for the ratiometric fluorescent detection of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), employing a monoclonal GFAP antibody-conjugated silicon quantum dots (Ab@SiQDs) and rhodamine B dye (RhB)-based immunoprobe.

Immunosensing of Cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) Using a Two-Electrode Electrochemiluminescence Platform with Near Persisting Luminescence Generated on a Ru(bpy)-Tripropylamine System.

An economical, rapid, and ultrasensitive detection of biomolecules in clinical settings is very crucial, particularly for the early detection of Cardiac Troponin I (cTnI), which is the gold standard biomarker for Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI). Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has risen in prominence as an important technique for in vitro diagnosis and detection by virtue of its high sensitivity reaching a femtomolar level. This study introduces an economically feasible nanoplatform for ECL immunosensing, consisting of a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) with Ru(bpy) and tripropylamine (TPA) system, which is a potential ECL luminophore and coreactant system.

Au-HTiO nanotubes for non-invasive anticancer treatment by simultaneous photothermal and photodynamic therapy.

Treating lung and prostate cancer cells is a major health problem that may be solved through the interactions of laser beams with nanoparticles. In the paper, Au-HTiO nanotubes (NTs) are proposed as a treatment agent and the interactions of different laser beams with the nanostructure are considered to solve the mentioned health problem. Also, the NTs are employed to treat the cancers in dark conditions.

A novel intron variant in the prolactin gene associated with eggshell weight and thickness with putative alternative splicing patterns in chickens.

Raising Iraqi indigenous chickens (IIC) is restricted by their thin and low eggshell weights. Due to the importance of the prolactin () gene in regulating a wide range of egg production traits, this study assessed the potential genetic polymorphisms associated with that may influence these traits. The polymorphism was examined in three loci of the IIC breed ( = 120) in comparison with the standard Hyline breed ( = 120).

Assessing Therapeutic Value and Side Effects of Key Botanical Compounds for Optimized Medical Treatments.

Due to the significance of variable chemical groups across a wide spectrum of modern medicine, it is imperative to determine what is the most widely used group in medical applications with the fewest side effects. Ten compounds from ten chemical groups that are most commonly known for their medical uses were compared in terms of their therapeutic potential and side effects. The comparison among the selected compounds indicated the superiority of the flavonoids over other groups in the multitude of their utilizations and the lower side effects.

Non-Enzymatic Detection of Cardiac Troponin-I with Graphene Oxide Quenched Fluorescent Iron Nanoclusters (FeNCs).

Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is the most resorted biomarker for the detection of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The means of rapid quantification of cTnI levels in the blood can substantially minimize the risk of acute myocardial infarction and heart failure. A sensor for the non-enzymatic evaluation of cardiac troponin-I has been developed using fluorescent iron nanoclusters via a one-pot synthesis employing (BSA) as the template and reducing agent, and hydrogen peroxide as the additive.

Effects of adding different levels of fructooligosaccharide to diet on productive performance, egg quality traits, immune response and blood metabolites in commercial laying hens.

Background: A prebiotic is defined as an indigestible feed substance that beneficially affects the host by selectively stimulating the growth and/or activity of one or a limited number of bacteria in the large intestine, thereby improving host health and products.

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the effects of supplementing prebiotic fructooligosaccharide (FOS) to the diets of Hy-Line W-36 laying hens.

Methods: A total of 168 Hy-Line W-36 laying hens were allocated to four dietary levels of FOS (0, 1.

Reproduction of Awassi and Hamdani Sheep Is Associated With a Novel Missense SNP (p.24Ile>Thr) of the Gene.

Objectives: Litter size is a crucial economic factor in the sheep industry. Several factors and genes influence litter size, making the identification of genes or loci involved a genetic challenge. Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone () is one of several genes that influence sheep's reproductive traits.

Targeting Monkeypox Virus Methyltransferase: Virtual Screening of Natural Compounds from Middle-Eastern Medicinal Plants.

Monkeypox is an infectious disease resulting from the monkeypox virus, and its fatality rate varies depending on the virus clade and the location of the outbreak. In monkeypox virus, methyltransferase (MTase) plays a crucial role in modifying the cap structure of viral mRNA. This alteration assists the virus in evading the host's immune system, enhances viral protein synthesis, and ultimately enables successful infection and replication within host cells.

Profiles of miRNA expression and IFN-γ serum level as biomarker for the development of Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with a wide spectrum of sensory, motor, and psychological disorders. Cytokines level and microRNA (miRNA) expression have roles in the disease's progression and the start of a damaging immune response in the central nerve system. This research study aimed to determine the role of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and microRNA-326 (MiR-326) as prognostic factors for the development of MS disease in relation to different treatments.

Berberine and berberine nanoformulations in cancer therapy: Focusing on lung cancer.

Lung cancer is the second most prevalent cancer and ranks first in cancer-related death worldwide. Due to the resistance development to conventional cancer therapy strategies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, various natural products and their extracts have been revealed as alternatives. Berberine (BBR), which is present in the stem, root, and bark of various trees, could exert anticancer activities by regulating tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, metastasis, angiogenesis, and immune responses via modulating several signaling pathways within the tumor microenvironment.

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat-1 (CRISPR-1) Locus as a Tool for Tracing the Zoonotic History of Salmonella enterica Strains.

Background is a significant foodborne pathogen that causes considerable illness and death in humans and animals. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system in bacteria acts as an adaptive immune defense against invasive genetic elements by incorporating short intergenic spacers (IGSs) into CRISPR loci. These loci serve as molecular records of past interactions with phages and plasmids, providing insights into the transmission and evolution of bacterial strains across different hosts.

In vivo and in vitro efficacy of the ithmid kohl/zinc-oxide nanoparticles, ithmid kohl/Aloe vera, and zinc-oxide nanoparticles/Aloe vera for the treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis.

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the ithmid kohl/zinc-oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), ithmid kohl/Aloe vera, and ZnONPs/Aloe vera in the treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis. The endophthalmitis model was prepared by contaminating both eyes of 24 healthy adult male albino rabbits with a clinical isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The animals were randomly divided into eight groups (A-H) according to the treatment.

A novel p.127Val>Ile single nucleotide polymorphism in the MTNR1A gene and its relation to litter size in Thin-tailed Indonesian ewes.

Objective: The primary objective was to identify and characterize the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the MTNR1A gene sequence in Thin-tailed Indonesian ewes to assess the possible association of MTNR1A gene polymorphism with litter size trait.

Methods: Forty-seven Thin-tailed Indonesian sheep were selected for the study. Genotyping involved collecting blood samples, and sequencing exon 2 of the MTNR1A gene.

From lake to fisheries: Interactive effect of climate and landuse changes hit on lake fish catch?

Global warming and unpredictable nature possess a negative impact on fisheries and the daily activities of other habitats. GIS and remote sensing approach is an effective tool to determine the morphological characteristics of the lake. The present study addresses the interactive effect of climate and landuse changes hit on fish catch in lake fisheries.

Synthesis of 3D SbO-based heterojunction reinforced by SPR effect and photo-Fenton mechanism for upgraded oxidation of metronidazole in water environments.

The traditional homogenous and heterogenous Fenton reactions have frequently been restrained by the lower production of Fe ions, which significantly obstructs the generation of hydroxyl radicals from the decomposition of HO. Thus, we introduce novel photo-Fenton-assisted plasmonic heterojunctions by immobilizing FeO and Bi nanoparticles onto 3D SbO via co-precipitation and solvothermal approaches. The ternary SbO/FeO/Bi composites offered boosted photo-Fenton behavior with a metronidazole (MNZ) oxidation efficiency of 92% within 60 min.

Effectiveness of Histopathological Changes of Induced Thin Layer Endometrium by Pentoxifylline and Pentoxifylline-Loaded Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid on Female Rats.

Pentoxifylline (PTXF) is a vasoactive agent that plays a significant role in the treatment of thin-layer endometrium cases. The PTXF, also identified as oxpentifylline, is a member of xanthine derivatives and a competitive nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor leading to the elevation of intracellular cAMP, inhibition of tumor necrosis factor and leukotriene synthesis, activation of protein kinase A, and reduction of inflammation and innate immunity. Moreover, it is used as an agent to relieve muscle pain in people with peripheral artery disease (vascular irregularities).