Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VI with Recurrent Chest Infection.

Mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome) is a progressive multi-systemic autosomal recessive disease resulting from a deficiency of arylsulfatase B (N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase). Here we report the case of a three-year-old male child born full-term via normal vaginal delivery. He had frequent admissions due to a chest infection that started at two months of age.

Self-Assessed Capabilities, Attitudes, and Stress among Pediatric Nurses in Relation to Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.

Background: In emergency medicine, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is one of the most stressful scenarios for nurses who conduct both basic and advanced resuscitation methods.

Aim: This study aimed to assess nurses' self-assessed capabilities, attitudes, and stress related to CPR.

Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study was carried out on 748 pediatric nurses at six governmental hospitals.

Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidines: Isosteres of Nifedipine and Evaluation of Their Calcium Channel Blocking Efficiency.

Hypertension and cardiovascular diseases related to it remain the leading medical challenges globally. Several drugs have been synthesized and commercialized to manage hypertension. Some of these drugs have a dihydropyrimidine skeleton structure, act as efficient calcium channel blockers, and affect the calcium ions' intake in vascular smooth muscle, hence managing hypertension.

Wernicke's Encephalopathy: A Precipitation of Glycogen Storage Disease.

A 16-year-old Saudi female who is a known case of glycogen storage disease type 1A (GSD1A), presented to the emergency department at King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia on 15th January 2021 due to a complaint of persistent vomiting. Two weeks after admission, she began developing double vision and progressive leg weakness with intact sensation. She received the primary management to maintain good hydration and was admitted to the ICU for further workup.

Investigating households' out-of-pocket healthcare expenditures based on number of chronic conditions in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study using quantile regression approach.

Objectives: This study investigated the level and associated factors, focusing on the number of individuals with chronic conditions, of out-of-pocket healthcare expenditures (OOPHE).

Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to June 2021.

Setting: Riyadh Province, Saudi Arabia.

Medical Students' Perception Regarding the Re-emerging Monkeypox Virus: An Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study From Saudi Arabia.

Introduction:  The recent multi-nation outbreaks of human monkeypox in non-endemic areas have created an emerging public health issue. Medical students who will become future healthcare providers are directly associated with community people and can easily sensitize the general population, so it is crucial to assess their degree of knowledge and attitudes regarding recently emerging infections or pathogens. However, studies on medical students' perception of the monkeypox virus are scarce in Saudi Arabia.

Improving Recognition of Overlapping Activities with Less Interclass Variations in Smart Homes through Clustering-Based Classification.

The systems of sensing technology along with machine learning techniques provide a robust solution in a smart home due to which health monitoring, elderly care, and independent living take advantage. This study addresses the overlapping problem in activities performed by the smart home resident and improves the recognition performance of overlapping activities. The overlapping problem occurs due to less interclass variations (i.

Impact of COVID-19 on otolaryngology head & neck speciality and residency program in Saudi Arabia.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has rapidly swept worldwide since its identification in December 2019. As the spread of the disease accelerated both in Wuhan and elsewhere globally, the WHO declared it a pandemic. There is sound evidence to argue that otolaryngologists run high risks of occupational SARS-COV2 among health care workers due to high viral load in upper respiratory examinations.

Clinical Approaches To External Auditory Canal Hemangiomas: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: Hemangioma is a common soft tissue tumor that can be categorized mainly into cavernous, capillary, and venous subtypes. It usually develops in the head and neck and rarely in the external auditory canal (EAC).

Methods: A systematic review of patients with capillary hemangioma of the EAC was performed.

Warm ischemia time length during on-clamp partial nephrectomy: does it really matter?

Background: The impact of warm ischemia time (WIT) on renal functional recovery remains controversial. We examined the length of WIT>30 min on the long-term renal function following on-clamp partial nephrectomy (PN).

Methods: Data from 23 centers for patients undergoing on-clamp PN between 2000 and 2018 were analyzed.

Effect of oxymatrine on liver gluconeogenesis is associated with the regulation of PEPCK and G6Pase expression and AKT phosphorylation.

An increase in liver gluconeogenesis is an important pathological phenomenon in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and oxymatrine is an effective natural drug used for T2DM treatment. The present study aimed to explore the effect of oxymatrine on gluconeogenesis and elucidate the underlying mechanism. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with a high-fat diet and streptozotocin for 4 weeks to induce T2DM, and HepG2 cells were treated with 55 mM glucose to simulate T2DM .

Optimization of Thymoquinone-Loaded Self-Nanoemulsion for Management of Indomethacin-Induced Ulcer.

To improve the water solubility of thymoquinone (TQ), a major constituent of Nigella sativa seed oil, a TQ-loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) was prepared. The SNEDDS formulation was optimized using almond oil (AO) (Oil; X1), tween 80 (surfactant; X2) and polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG 200) (cosurfactant; X3) compounds as independent variables. The results showed that the globule size ranged from 65 to 320 nm.

Protective Effects of Quercetin and Melatonin on Indomethacin Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats.

Background: Medications to prevent the development of NSAID-induced gastric ulcers have a large range of unpleasant side effects. Recent efforts have been focused on determining safer alternative nontoxic and natural forms of anti-ulcer treatments.

Methods: Twenty-four male rats were divided into 4 groups: 1: control group that received no treatment; 2: the ndomethacin-treated group that received 20 mg/kg of indomethacin for 2 days to induce the development of gastric ulcers; 3: quercetin-treated group that in addition to the indomethacin treatment, received 50 mg/kg of quercetin 6 hours after and then daily for 14 days and; 4: the melatonin-treated group which received 20 mg/kg of melatonin 6 hours after each indomethacin treatment and then daily for 14 days.

Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis through Network Topology (Oral Cancer).

Oral cancer is a complex disorder. Its creation and spreading are due to the interaction of several proteins and genes in different biological thoroughfares. To study biological pathways, many high-yield methods have been used.

Voltammetric determination of itopride using carbon paste electrode modified with Gd doped TiO2 nanotubes.

In the present work TiO nanotubes (TNT) have been synthesized by alkaline hydrothermal transformation. Then they have been doped with Gd element. Characterizations of doped and undoped TNT have been done with TEM and SEM.

ADMA: A Key Player in the Relationship between Vascular Dysfunction and Inflammation in Atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic cardiovascular disease which increases risk of major cardiovascular events including myocardial infarction and stroke. Elevated plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) have long been recognised as a hallmark of cardiovascular disease and are associated with cardiovascular risk factors including hypertension, obesity and hypertriglyceridemia. In this review, we discuss the clinical literature that link ADMA concentrations to increased risk of the development of atherosclerosis.

Smartphone apps for transportation by people with intellectual disabilities: are they really helpful in improving their mobility?

Purpose: The paper undertakes a critical assessment of the use of smartphone apps for transportation by people with intellectual disabilities. Although apps for transportation such as Uber and Careem have been developed to assist people with disabilities and have numerous benefits, people with intellectual disabilities tend to encounter their own set of difficulties in accessing these apps.

Materials And Method: This paper presents the research findings drawn from a focus group discussion conducted with nine people with moderate to mild intellectual disabilities in Riyadh, by using a qualitative study focussed on the interpretative paradigm.

Retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy versus open retropubic radical prostatectomy: a prospective comparative study with 19-month follow-up.

Background: The aim of the present study was to compare the surgical outcomes of retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RS-RARP) and open retropubic radical prostatectomy (ORP).

Methods: We included patients with clinically localized prostate cancer who underwent RS-RARP or ORP and met our inclusion criteria. We compared the perioperative, oncological, and continence outcomes between both surgical approaches.

Microbial spectrum, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and biofilm formation of diabetic foot infections (2014-18): a retrospective multicenter analysis.

This study identifies the risk factors, microbiological properties, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, mortality, and clinical complications associated with organisms causing diabetic foot infections (DFIs) with or without antibiotic treatment using data from a retrospective multicenter surveillance. Specimens collected from different hospitals were cultured and the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) excretion was estimated. The antibacterial susceptibility pattern and biofilm formation were completed along with the recommended standard methods.

Country-level correlates of the Dark Triad traits in 49 countries.

Objectives: The Dark Triad traits (i.e., narcissism, psychopathy, Machiavellianism) capture individual differences in aversive personality to complement work on other taxonomies, such as the Big Five traits.

Study of the Tableting Properties of MCR, a Newly Coprocessed Cellulose-based Direct Compression Excipient.

Objectives: In this work, the aim was to coprocess and evaluate a new cellulose-based direct compression tableting excipient (MCR) of improved functionalities by granulation and slugging from locally extracted microcrystalline cellulose and regenerated cellulose (CRC).

Materials And Methods: Model tablet formulations of metronidazole (MZ) as a model of nonfreely flowing and directly incompressible active pharmaceutical ingredient were designed to study the tableting properties of MCR.

Results: The results showed that the optimum concentration of CRC needed to produce excipient of accepted flow properties and high compression characteristics was 20% w/w.

Comparative study on effect of mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells on treatment of experimental CCL4-induced liver fibrosis.

Background: We speculated impacts of BM-MSCs and UC-EPCs on reversal of hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Fifty adult rats were divided into five groups: control group, CCl4A group, CCl4B group, CCl4/BM-MSCs group and CCl4/UC-EPCs group. Blood samples were driven to measure concentration of albumin and ALT.

Successful surgical management of post-penetrating or deep lamellar keratoplasty Acquired Corneal Sub-Epithelial Hypertrophy (ACSH): A case series.

Introduction: Acquired Corneal Sub-Epithelial Hypertrophy (ACSH) has been described in patients with peripheral superficial corneal opacities following penetrating keratoplasty and might present similar to Salzmann's nodular degeneration (SND) or peripheral hypertrophic sub-epithelial corneal degeneration (PHSCD). We describe the clinical presentation, topographic findings and the surgical outcome of three cases, which fit the appearance and characteristics of ACSH.

Presentation Of Cases: Three patients (3 eyes) with paracentral or peripheral corneal opacification were reviewed to describe their clinical examination (SL), morphology of the opacity (depth, diameter and density) and document their topographic changes before and after surgical intervention by peeling of the epithelium with or without superficial keratectomy under the microscope in addition to brief description of their histopathological examination.