Multiplanar supramalleolar osteotomy in the management of complex rigid foot deformities in children.

Purpose: Residual midfoot and hindfoot deformities in rigidly deformed feet present a very complicated surgical dilemma. A plantigrade foot is desirous for proper lower extremity mechanics in a child with ambulatory potential. In this group of patients, soft tissue procedures are no longer an appropriate option, and well-recognized hindfoot procedures, such as talectomy, have many disadvantages.

Lung herniation into the neck associated with congenital absence of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.

This is a case report and literature review involving congenital absence of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) and simultaneous herniation of the left lung into the neck. To date there have been eight cases of absence of the SCM muscle, but no records of lung herniation alone or in combination with SCM muscle absence. Included is the management course taken to correct this patient's defect, CAT scans of the neck, fluoroscopic imaging of the lung and neck, and photographic documentation of the defect.