Metformin protects rotenone-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration by reducing lipid peroxidation.

Background: Metformin, a widely prescribed antidiabetic drug, has been suggested to have a neuroprotective effect on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced neurotoxicity in mice. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective potential of metformin against rotenone-induced dopaminergic neuron damage and its underlying mechanisms.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were given saline or rotenone (2.

Role of Soluble Adiponectin Receptor 2 in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Children.

Purpose: The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children is gradually increasing. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of serum adiponectin and soluble adiponectin receptor 2 (soluble Adipo R2) levels for the diagnosis of fatty liver disease in obese and overweight children.

Methods: The study included 51 obese and overweight children between the ages of 6 and 18 years diagnosed with NAFLD using ultrasonography and 20 children without fatty liver disease.

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: Single Center Experience of 25 Years.

Objectives: To review a single center outcome of patients with Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis diagnosed at a tertiary referral hospital from Turkey.Methods: The files between 1989 and 2015 of 80 patients with LCH were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: During the 25 years, 80 patients were diagnosed with LCH.

Serum Sphingolipidomic Analysis in Acne Vulgaris Patients.

Background: Limited data are available on serum levels of different sphingomyelin (SM) and ceramide (CER) species in acne vulgaris (AV).

Objectives: This study aimed to identify circulating levels of neutral sphingomyelinase activity (N-SMase), ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), C16-C24 SMs and C16-C24 CERs in AV patients and controls.

Material And Methods: Serum was collected from 30 AV patients and 20 age, gender-matched control subjects.

Changes in substance P levels of inferior turbinate in patients with mucosal contact headache.

Introduction: Mucosal contact headache is a referred pain that arises from contact between the nasal septum and the lateral nasal wall. Evidence supports the role of substance P in a contact headache such that release of substance P from sensory nerve endings causes inflammation and allergy.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine possible differences in substance P levels in inferior turbinate hypertrophy creating a contact headache.

Fabry Disease Prevalence in Renal Replacement Therapy in Turkey.

Background: Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder resulting from lack of alpha-galactosidase A (AGALA) activity in lysosomes.

Objective: In this multicenter study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of FD in renal transplant (Tx) recipients in Turkey. We also screened dialysis patients as a control group.

Retinal vascular density evaluated by optical coherence tomography angiography in macular telangiectasia type 2.

Purpose: To evaluate the retinal and choroidal vascular changes through optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel 2).

Methods: Our study included 20 patients (40 eyes) with MacTel 2, and age-matched and sex-matched 18 subjects (36 eyes) in the control group. Fundus color photographs, fundus autofluorescence, fundus fluorescein angiography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and OCTA were performed.

Early postoperative changes of sphingomyelins and ceramides after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

Background: This study aimed to determine early postoperative changes of serum sphingomyelin (SM) and ceramide (CER) species following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).

Methods: Twenty obese patients [mean body mass index (BMI) 45,64 ± 6,10 kg/m] underwent LSG and normal weight control patients (mean BMI 31,51 ± 6,21 kg/m) underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Fasting blood samples were collected prior to surgery, at day 1 and day 30 after surgery.

Maintenance avelumab versus continuation of first-line chemotherapy in gastric cancer: JAVELIN Gastric 100 study design.

Avelumab is a human anti-PD-L1 IgG1 monoclonal antibody that has shown antitumor activity in early phase studies in advanced/metastatic gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer, including as first-line maintenance therapy. Here, we describe the design of JAVELIN Gastric 100 (NCT02625610), an open-label, Phase III trial. A total of 499 patients with locally advanced/metastatic HER2- gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer adenocarcinoma, who had achieved at least stable disease following 12 weeks of first-line oxaliplatin/fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy, have been randomized 1:1 to receive avelumab maintenance therapy or continue chemotherapy.

Topical Ketoprofen Versus Placebo in Children Presenting With Ankle Sprain to the Emergency Department: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Objective: Despite the favorable data concerning topical agents use in outpatient clinics, they are not commonly in emergency departments (EDs). The present study aimed to compare the effect of 2.5% topical ketoprofen (gel form) to placebo in children presenting with ankle sprain to the ED.

Deferasirox in children with transfusion-dependent thalassemia or sickle cell anemia: A large cohort real-life experience from Turkey (REACH-THEM).

Objectives: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of deferasirox therapy in a large observational cohort of children with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) and sickle cell anemia (SCA) in Turkey.

Methods: This was a multicenter, prospective cohort study including TDT and SCA patients aged 2-18 years with iron overload (≥100 mL/kg of pRBC or a serum ferritin [SF] level >1000 μg/L) receiving deferasirox. Patients were followed for up to 3 years according to standard practice.

Diclofenac induced gastrointestinal and renal toxicity is alleviated by thymoquinone treatment.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether thymoquinone (TQ) could alleviate diclofenac (DCLF)-induced gastrointestinal and renal toxicity in rats. Diclofenac was administered via intramuscular injection twice daily for 5 days and TQ was given by gavage for the same period. Hematological and biochemical profiles were measured with autoanalyzers while reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) generation and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were assayed by standard kits.

Serum N-Desmethylcitalopram Concentrations are Associated with the Clinical Response to Citalopram of Patients with Major Depression.

Objective: Citalopram (CITA) is a widely used and well-tolerated selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. The aim of the study was to evaluate the possible influences of serum concentrations of CITA and its major metabolite n-desmethylcitalopram (NDCITA) on the efficacy and tolerability of CITA in patients with major depressive disorder.

Methods: The study included 46 outpatients with major depressive disorder who received CITA.

Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume in central serous chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate mean platelet volume (MPV) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) values and their relationship with clinical findings in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).

Methods: Overall, 87 patients fulfilling inclusion criteria and 320 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals as controls were included in the study. The CSCR patients (n=87) were classified into 2 groups as acute CSCR (group 1, n=43) and chronic CSCR (group 2, n=44).

Evaluation of Subclinical Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in Chronic Asymptomatic Alcoholics by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography.

By using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography, we aimed to investigate the structural and functional changes on myocardium in chronic asymptomatic alcoholics without any cardiovascular disease. Forty-one consecutive asymptomatic male alcoholics who were admitted to the outpatient alcoholism unit and 30 age matched healthy male volunteers selected as the control group were enrolled in the study. The study group were investigated by using standard two-dimensional echocardiography and speckle tracking echocardiography.