Design and synthesis of neoteric benzylidene amino-benzimidazole scaffolds for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.

To design a series of neoteric benzylidene amino-benzimidazole derivatives and to synthesize and evaluate them for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential. The designed target scaffolds were synthesized and appraised for antioxidant action and anti-inflammatory potential. AutoDock Vina software was employed for design; the Mannich reaction was used for synthesis; and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential were demonstrated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl free-radical scavenging assay and carrageenan-induced paw edema method, respectively.

The Genus : Phytochemical and Ethnopharmacological Perspectives.

The genus () comprises 139 species including 14 species used traditionally for the treatment of various ailments such as hypertension, pain, inflammation, diabetes, cancer, microbial and mental disorders. To search research gaps through critical assessment of pharmacological activities not performed to validate traditional claims of various species of This review will aid natural product researchers in identifying species with therapeutic potential for future investigation. Scattered raw data on ethnopharmacological, morphological, phytochemical, pharmacological, toxicological, and clinical studies of various species of the genus have been compiled utilizing search engines like SciFinder, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Open J-Gate for 100 years up to April 2021.

Pharmacological evaluation of vanillic acid in rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease rat model.

In the present study, we investigated the anti-Parkinson's effect of vanillic acid (VA) (12 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg p.o.) against rotenone (2 mg/kg s.

Solubility enhancement, formulation development and antifungal activity of luliconazole niosomal gel-based system.

Luliconazole is a potential prescription candidate drug for the treatment of topical fungal infections. However, it has water solubility and skin permeability limitations. To overcome these limitations, a niosomal gel of luliconazole was formulated using Span 60, cholesterol, and chloroform to improve its bioavailability and to reduce its toxicity.

Enhancing the solubility of nitazoxanide with solid dispersions technique: formulation, evaluation, and cytotoxicity study.

Nitazoxanide (NTZ) is a synthetic form of nitrothiazole with a broad range of applications as an antiparasitic, antibacterial and antiviral agent. NTZ is a highly low aqueous soluble drug which possesses solubility of 0.00755 mg/mL and typically low bioavailability of 1%.

Isolation and estimation of flavonoid compound(s) of (L.) Moench.

Based on ethnobotanical surveys, an Indian traditional plant, i.e., (L.

Neuroprotective constituents of (Wall. ex Royle) H. Hara roots.

The methanol extract and its ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of (Wall. ex. Royle) H.

Beneficial role of central anticholinergic agent in preventing the development of symptoms in mouse model of post-traumatic stress disorder.

Objectives The present study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of trihexyphenidyl, a central anticholinergic drug, in preventing the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in a mouse model. Methods Mice were subjected to underwater trauma stress for 30 s on day 1 followed by three situational reminders (3rd, 7th and 14th day). Thereafter, the behavioral alterations including freezing behavior were noted on 21st day.

Investigating the role of nitric oxide in stress adaptive process in electric foot shock stress-subjected mice.

Aim: The present study was designed to investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the non-development of stress adaptation in high-intensity foot-shock stress (HIFS) subjected mice.

Methods: Mice were subjected to low-intensity shocks (LIFS i.e.

Exploring the therapeutic potential of sodium benzoate in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats.

Background Ulcerative colitis is a chronic mucosal inflammation of the large intestine mainly affecting the colon and rectum. The lack of effective and safe therapeutic agents led to the identification of new therapeutic agents to effectively manage the symptoms and complications of ulcerative colitis. The present study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of sodium benzoate in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats.

Ameliorative effect of gallic acid in paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain in mice.

The present study has been investigated the role of gallic acid (GA) in paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain. The neuropathic pain was developed with paclitaxel (PT: 2 mg/kg, ) administration in mice. GA (20 and 40 mg/kg) and pregabalin (PreG: 5 mg/kg) were administered intravenously for 10 consecutive days.

An integrated review on new targets in the treatment of neuropathic pain.

Neuropathic pain is a complex chronic pain state caused by the dysfunction of somatosensory nervous system, and it affects the millions of people worldwide. At present, there are very few medical treatments available for neuropathic pain management and the intolerable side effects of medications may further worsen the symptoms. Despite the presence of profound knowledge that delineates the pathophysiology and mechanisms leading to neuropathic pain, the unmet clinical needs demand more research in this field that would ultimately assist to ameliorate the pain conditions.

Conditioning-induced cardioprotection: Aging as a confounding factor.

The aging process induces a plethora of changes in the body including alterations in hormonal regulation and metabolism in various organs including the heart. Aging is associated with marked increase in the vulnerability of the heart to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Furthermore, it significantly hampers the development of adaptive response to various forms of conditioning stimuli (pre/post/remote conditioning).

Clinical evidence and mechanisms of growth factors in idiopathic and diabetes-induced carpal tunnel syndrome.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is an entrapment neuropathy caused by compression and irritation of the median nerve, which travels through the carpal tunnel in the wrist. Increased fibrosis is a hallmark of the development and pathology of CTS. Different growth factors have been demonstrated to play a potential role in the development of CTS.

Synthesis, molecular docking, antimicrobial, antioxidant and toxicity assessment of quinoline peptides.

A series of quinoline based peptides were synthesized by a one-pot reaction through Ugi-four component condensation of lipoic acid, cyclohexyl isocyanide, aniline derivatives and 2-methoxy quinoline-3-carbaldehyde derivatives under microwave irradiation. The products were obtained in excellent yields and high purity. Solvent optimization and the effect of microwave irradiation with various powers were also observed.

Lower vertebrate and invertebrate models of Alzheimer's disease - A review.

Alzheimer's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder which is characterized by the presence of beta- amyloid protein and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain. Till now, various higher vertebrate models have been in use to study the pathophysiology of this disease. But, these models possess some limitations like ethical restrictions, high cost, difficult maintenance of large quantity and lesser reproducibility.

Pharmacological investigations on mast cell stabilizer and histamine receptor antagonists in vincristine-induced neuropathic pain.

The present study was designed to investigate the role of mast cells and mast cell-derived histamine in vincristine-induced neuropathic pain. Neuropathic pain was induced by administration of vincristine (100 μg/kg, i.p.

Neuropathic pain attenuating effects of perampanel in an experimental model of chronic constriction injury in rats.

The present study explores the pain attenuating effect of perampanel, AMPA receptor antagonist, in chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain. Chronic Constriction Injury was performed by putting four loose ligatures around the sciatic nerve. Pain was assessed by determining mechanical hyperalgesia, cold allodynia and heat hyperalgesia on 7th and 14th day post surgery.

Catalytic synthesis of α-amino chromone phosphonates and their antimicrobial, toxicity and potential HIV-1 RT inhibitors based on silico screening.

The α-amino phosphonates exhibit a wide range of biological properties which create demand for simple and efficient synthetic routes of new molecules. In this study synthesis of a new series of derivatives of α-amino chromone phosphonates (ACPs) was reported using RhBT catalyst. The RhBT was first prepared by simply mixing boron nitride in a solution of rhodium acetate, under inert atmosphere for a week followed by filtration (yield: 92%).

Designing of a phytosome dosage form with Tecomella undulata as a novel drug delivery for better utilization.

In recent past scientists are moving for the novel herbal medicines for treatment of almost all diseases as they have no or lesser adverse effects as compared with modern allopathic medicines. The potency of any dosage form is depending on effective drug delivery level of any therapeutically active drug molecule. Phytosome is a novel approach to drug delivery system that produce more absorption and utilization than conventional herbal extracts and shows enhanced bioavailability.

Ischemic-reperfusion of unilateral external iliac artery in rat: A new model for vasculitic femoral neuropathy.

Clinically, ischemic environment during gynecological surgery at lithotomy position is most common causative factor for the development of vasculitic femoral neuropathy (VFN). The present study was designed to induce the clinically relevant rat model of VFN by ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) injury of unilateral external iliac artery (uEIA). The VFN was induced by 3, 4 and 5h occlusion of uEIA followed by reperfusion.

Therapeutic evaluation of rutin in two-kidney one-clip model of renovascular hypertension in rat.

Aim: The current investigation, designed to investigate the role of rutin in two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) induced renovascular dysfunction associated with hypertension in rat.

Main Methods: The renovascular hypertension was developed by the application of vascular clip on left renal artery in rats; the right kidney was kept as such throughout the experimental protocol. The rutin (200 and 300 mg/kg; p.

Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System: A Current Drug Target for the Management of Neuropathic Pain.

Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) is well established in renovascular and cardiovascular functions. The modulators of this system are significantly used for regulating elevated blood pressure in human and animals. Recently, it has also been documented to produce neurological actions.

Investigation of therapeutic potential and molecular mechanism of vitamin P and digoxin in I/R-induced myocardial infarction in rat.

Ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) is a major event in the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease that leads to higher rate of mortality. The study has been designed to investigate the therapeutic potential and molecular mechanism of vitamin P and digoxin in I/R-induced myocardial infarction in isolated rat heart preparation by using Langendorff apparatus. The animals were treated with vitamin P (50 and 100 mg/kg; p.

Investigation of the role of non-selective calcium channel blocker (flunarizine) on cerebral ischemic-reperfusion associated cognitive dysfunction in aged mice.

The present study was designed to investigate the role of flunarizine (a non-selective calcium channel blocker) on cerebral ischemic-reperfusion associated cognitive dysfunction in aged mice. Bilateral carotid artery occlusion of 12min followed by reperfusion for 24h was given to induce cerebral injury in male Swiss mice. The assessment of learning & memory was performed by Morris water maze test; motor in-coordination was evaluated by rota rod, lateral push and inclined beam walking tests; cerebral infarct size was quantified by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining.