Sudanese community pharmacy practice and its readiness for change to patient care.

Objectives: This study aims to describe the current state of Sudanese community pharmacy practice and explore the capacity of existing community pharmacies to foster the change to pharmaceutical care (PC) and to assess attitude and knowledge of community pharmacists regarding PC and identify barriers.

Methods: A structured, self-administered, piloted questionnaire was distributed to the pharmacists in charge of 274, randomly selected, community pharmacies in Khartoum state. The questionnaire included six domains: demographic characteristics, organizational structure of community pharmacies, current activities of community pharmacists, their attitudes and knowledge regarding PC, and potential barriers.

Pulpectomy in hyperemic pulp and accelerated root resorption in primary teeth: a review with associated case report.

Persistent hemorrhage after complete amputation of coronal pulp is a common clinical finding during pulpotomy procedure in primary teeth. These teeth are best managed with pulpectomy, but they have hyperemic pulp with some remaining vital tissue. Good chemico-biomechanical preparation of primary canals cannot guarantee complete removal of this vital tissue from inaccessible areas.

Facial profile preferences, self-awareness and perception among groups of people in the United Arab Emirates.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the differences in facial profile preference among different layers of people in the United Arab Emirates. Facial profile self-awareness among the different groups was also evaluated.

Materials And Methods: A total sample of 222 participants (mean [standard deviation] age = 25.

The role of Sudanese community pharmacists in patients' self-care.

Objectives: To describe the current and potential roles of Sudanese community pharmacists in responding to symptoms (RTS) and chronic diseases management (CDM) and identify perceived barriers.

Settings: Community pharmacies in Khartoum State.

Method: A structured, self-administered, piloted questionnaire was conducted of pharmacists in charge of 274, randomly selected, community pharmacies.

Influence of operator's experience level on lifespan of the WaveOne Primary file in extracted teeth.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of operator experience level on the lifespan of the WaveOne Primary file (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) in extracted teeth.

Materials And Methods: Moderately curved canals of extracted maxillary and mandibular molars were randomly distributed into 2 groups: experienced and inexperienced operators. Ten files were allocated to each group (n = 10).

Transient synovitis of the hip as a complication of chickenpox in infant: Case study.

Chickenpox has many rare complications; transient synovitis is one of the very painful and self-limiting rare complications. This patient suffered from transient synovitis associated with chickenpox. After being diagnosed, it was managed by diclofenac sodium suppositories.

Child physical abuse: assessment of dental students' attitudes and knowledge in United Arab Emirates.

Aim: To investigate dental students' educational experience, attitudes and knowledge with regard to child physical abuse in all dental schools in United Arab Emirates.

Methods: The data were collected by self-administered structured questionnaire completed by 578 under graduate dental students in four (all) dental schools in United Arab Emirates. Data were analysed using descriptive analyses for responses to each question.

Involvement of Sudanese community pharmacists in public health activities.

Objectives: To evaluate attitude of community pharmacists towards health education, promotion and screening, assess the extent of their actual involvement in such activities and identify barriers for their provision.

Settings: Community pharmacies in Khartoum State.

Method: A structured, self-administered, piloted questionnaire was distributed to the pharmacists in charge of 274, randomly selected, community pharmacies.

Health of dentists in United Arab Emirates.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence and nature of some health and lifestyle problems among dentists in United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Method: A cross-sectional study with a one-stage complex sampling technique using a self-reported questionnaire distributed to all 844 dentists, working in three cities (Abu Dhabi, Dubai and Sharjah) in UAE.

Results: Seven hundred and thirty-three (87%) dentists, aged 22-70 years, responded.

Oral hygiene and dental caries in 5- to 6-year-old children in Ajman, United Arab Emirates.

Objective: To investigate the association between oral hygiene and dental caries in young children in the Emirate of Ajman, United Arab Emirates.

Methods: A one-stage cluster sample was used to randomly select children. Clinical examinations were conducted by a single examiner.

Evaluation of risk factors in acute myocardial infarction patients admitted to the coronary care unit, Tripoli Medical Centre, Libya.

The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the risk factors for acute myocardial infarction in patients attending Tripoli Medical Centre, Libya. Records were reviewed for 622 patients with a mean age of 58.3 (SD 12.

Investigation of mothers' knowledge of dental trauma management in United Arab Emirates.

Aim: To assess, by means of a structured questionnaire, mothers' level of knowledge with regards to the immediate emergency management of dental trauma in the Emirate of Ajman, United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Methods: A cross-sectional study using anonymous structured questionnaires was employed for mothers chosen at random from child care centres. The questionnaire surveyed mothers' background, knowledge and management of tooth fracture, avulsion, and also investigated mothers' self-assessed knowledge of the availability and priority of emergency services of trauma in UAE.

Severe early childhood caries and behavioural risk indicators among young children in Ajman, United Arab Emirates.

Aim: To estimate the prevalence of severe early childhood caries (s-ECC) in the primary dentition of young children in Ajman, UAE, and investigate its association with child and family characteristics, dietary habits, oral hygiene practices and dental services utilisation.

Methods: A one-stage cluster sample was used to randomly select children aged five or six years old who were enrolled in public or private schools in Ajman, UAE. Clinical examinations for caries were conducted by a single examiner using WHO criteria.

Dental trauma management awareness among primary school teachers in the Emirate of Ajman, United Arab Emirates.

Aim: To assess, by means of self-administered structured questionnaire, the level of knowledge of primary schools teachers in Ajman with regards to the immediate emergency management of dental trauma.

Materials And Methods: The questionnaire was sent to teachers in randomly selected primary schools in Ajman. A total of 161 teachers responded (response rate 84.

Prevalence and relationship of human papilloma virus type 16 and type 18 with oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral leukoplakia in fresh scrappings: a PCR study.

Introduction: It has been always an area of diffuse clarity when you study malignancy and its pathogenesis. Recently, it has invited lot of interest among the researchers about the possibility of role of viruses in the initiation of carcinogenesis. Recent advances in the field of molecular biology and biotechnology have solved some problems with regard to pathogenesis.

Oral health status and dental needs of autistic children and young adults.

Aim:   Children with autism might need more dental care than non-autistic, healthy children. The aims of this study were: (a) to describe the caries experience and treatment needs of autistic children aged 6-16 years in the United Arab Emirates; and (b) to provide baseline data at national and regional levels to enable comparisons and future planning of dental services for children with autism.

Methods:   All children attending a day centre in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, for autism were selected for the study.

Evaluation of the community pharmacist's behavior towards a prescription of antidiabetic and antiasthma drugs.

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the performance of community pharmacist towards antidiabetic and antiasthma prescriptions, and also to assess the lack of information provided by community pharmacists regarding patient counseling and missing data, using a simulated patient technique.

Methods: A prescription including antidiabetic and antiasthma drugs was used by simulated patient to assess community pharmacist's performance in 194 pharmacies. A performance assessment sheet was used to measure the patient counseling process.

Dental practitioner's knowledge, opinions and methods of management of oral premalignancy and malignancy.

Objectives: The present study outlines the results of a pilot study to determine the knowledge and awareness of a cohort of dentists in United Arab Emirates (UAE) regarding aetiology, clinical features and appropriate early management of oral premalignant and malignant lesions.

Materials And Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was constructed and posted to 300 UAE Dental Practitoners (DPs), selected randomly from the register of Emirates Dental Association. The present report details the responses of this cohort.

Tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption as risk factors for site-specific intraoral epithelial dysplasia.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of tobacco and alcohol as possible risk factors for oral epithelial dysplasia in the various oral subsites.

Methods: Data were gathered from 630 patients with oral epithelial dysplasia in the United Arab Emirates between 1997 and 2007. Odds ratios for oral epithelial dysplasia at various oral subsites were estimated using multiple logistic regression for each level of exposure of interest.

The effectiveness of 2-implant overdentures - a pragmatic international multicentre study.

The purpose of this multicentre observational study was to determine patient satisfaction with either conventional dentures or mandibular 2-implant overdentures in a 'real world' setting. Two hundred and three edentulous patients (mean age 68·8 ± 10·4 years) were recruited at eight centres located in North America, South America and Europe. The patients were provided with new mandibular conventional dentures or implant overdentures supported by two implants and ball attachments.

Facial soft tissue values in Persian adults with normal occlusion and well-balanced faces.

Objective: To determine the mean soft tissue facial profile for Persian adults as determined by the Holdaway analysis.

Materials And Methods: Lateral cephalometric radiographs for 62 Persian adults with normal occlusion were used.

Results: Persian adults have the same values of Holdaway soft tissue norms except for the skeletal profile convexity, H angle, basic upper lip thickness, and soft tissue chin thickness, which were increased in Persians in relation to Holdaway norms.