An optimized support vector machine for lung cancer classification system.

Introduction: Lung cancer is one of the main causes of the rising death rate among the expanding population. For patients with lung cancer to have a higher chance of survival and fewer deaths, early categorization is essential. The goal of thisresearch is to enhance machine learning to increase the precision and quality of lung cancer classification.

Chronic carbendazim exposure disrupts behavioral responses and redox-regulatory mechanisms in non-target detritivore Nauphoeta cinerea nymphs.

Carbendazim is widely applied in agriculture to control various fungal diseases during pre-harvest and post-harvest processes owing to its efficacy and cost-effectiveness. However, environmental and food contamination by carbendazim has become a global health issue. Indeed, the declining biodiversity of beneficial insects owing to agricultural intensification is currently of keen concern to the scientific community.

Microbial gamma-aminobutyric acid synthesis: a promising approach for functional food and pharmaceutical applications.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid that is a main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. This mini-review emphasis on the microbial production of GABA and its potential benefits in various applications. Numerous microorganisms, including lactic acid bacteria, have been identified as efficient GABA producers.

Enhancement of Rice Zinc Content Using Green Synthesized ZnO-NPs by Foliar and Nano-Priming Applications.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) can enhance zinc bioavailability in plants, improving crop nutritional quality and addressing global zinc deficiency. This study aimed to investigate the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), obtained by a green synthesis method, on the growth, yield parameters, and zinc content of rice plants. In the study, two different application strategies of ZnO-NPs on rice plants were evaluated, i.

Bacterial isolates from drinking water river sources exhibit multi-drug resistant trait.

Freshwater habitat is a natural reservoir for antimicrobial resistance (AMR). AMR poses serious human, animal, and environmental public health threats. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and microbiological quality of five selected rivers (Apitipiti 1, Apitipiti 2, Apitipiti 3, Sogidi, and Aba Apa Akinmorin) in Oyo town, Nigeria, as well as the antibiotic resistance pattern of isolated bacterial species, using conventional methods.

Influence of straight and inclined baffles on enhancement of battery thermal management system performance.

Battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) are used in electric vehicles (EVs) to regulate the heat generated by batteries while in use. Existing research on the improvement of BTMSs revealed that more research can be done by exploring different strategies to extend the service life and capabilities of EV batteries beyond the current limitations. In this study, effects of orientation of baffles; straight ( ), inclined ( and ), height of baffles, thickness of baffles, positioning of baffles and number of baffles on the performance of conventional Z - Type BTMS were studied using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach.

Genotype x environment interaction and yield stability of soybean (Glycine max l.) genotypes in multi-environment trials (METs) in Nigeria.

Genotype × environment interaction (GEI) poses a critical challenge to plant breeders by complicating the identification of stable variety (ies) for performance across diverse environments. GGE biplot and AMMI analyses have been identified as the most effective and appropriate statistical techniques for identifying stable and high-performing genotypes across diverse environments. The objective of this study was to identify widely adapted and high-yielding soybean genotypes from Multi-Locational Trials (MLTs) using GGE and AMMI biplot analyses.

Protective role of hesperetin in Drosophila melanogaster model of ferrous sulphate-induced toxicity.

The toxicological hazard of iron-containing products is a public health concern that inspires research in identifying and developing readily available, inexpensive antidotes. Natural products, like plant-sourced antioxidants, can be of great value in this regard. Hesperetin a flavonoid abundantly present in citrus fruits is known to possess a diverse pharmacological and antioxidant attribute.

Recovery of Learning and Memory Deficits Despite Persistent Pyknosis of the Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons of Adult Hydrocephalic Mice.

Background: The hippocampal alterations resulting from hydrocephalus are associated with various cognitive dysfunctions. Reduced learning and memory are early functional deficits that recover with time in experimental hydrocephalus. This study investigated the recovery processes of learning and memory loss in relation to the morphology of hippocampal pyramidal neurons and the degree of expansion of the ventricles.

Dysfunctional cardiac energy transduction, mitochondrial oxidative stress, oncogenic and apoptotic signaling in DiNP-induced asthma in murine model.

Diisononyl phthalate (DiNP) has been associated with the development of allergies, asthma, and allergic airway inflammation. Through a complex interplay of signals and feedback mechanisms, the lungs communicate with the heart to ensure maintenance of homeostasis and supporting the body's metabolic demands. In the current study, we assessed the crosstalk between DiNP-induced asthma and cardiac cellular respiration, oxidative stress, apoptotic potential, and induction of oncogenic factors.

Food safety issues associated with sesame seed value chains: Current status and future perspectives.

Sesame () is an oilseed crop which is increasingly recognised as a functional food by consumers due to its nutritional and nutraceutical components. Consequently, global demand for sesame has increased significantly over the last three decades. Sesame is an important export crop in producing countries, contributing to their socio-economic development.

Aqueous extract of Peristrophe bivalvis (L.) Merr. leaf reversed the detrimental effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor on blood lipid profile and glucose level.

There is evidence that nitric oxide (NO) modulates the metabolism of glucose and lipid, and some antihypertensive medications have been shown to affect glucose and lipid metabolism. Peristrophe bivalvis is a medicinal plant that has been shown to have antihypertensive properties. The study investigated the effect of aqueous extract of Peristrophe bivalvis leaf (APB) on fasting blood glucose level (FBG) and lipid profile in rats pretreated with nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME).

Impaired energy metabolism and altered brain histoarchitecture characterized by inhibition of glycolysis and mitochondrial electron transport-linked enzymes in rats exposed to diisononyl phthalate.

The brain is an energy demanding organ, constituting about 20 % of the body's resting metabolic rate. An efficient energy metabolism is critical to neuronal functions. Glucose serves as the primary essential energy source for the adult brain and plays a critical role in supporting neural growth and development.

The Antihypertensive Potential of Aqueous extract of (L.) Merr. is Up-regulation of Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate and Down-regulation of the Renin-angiotensin System.

Background: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. (PB) is used for the treatment of hypertension, painful sprains, skin diseases, tuberculosis, acute bronchitis, anti-inflammatory conditions, hepatitis, and diabetes. Its antihypertensive potential has been investigated and documented.

Mechanistic exploration of 6-shogaol's preventive effects on azoxymethane and dextran sulfate sodium -induced colorectal cancer: involvement of cell proliferation, apoptosis, carcinoembryonic antigen, wingless-related integration site signaling, and oxido-inflammation.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a significant global health burden, being the third most prevalent cancer and the second most significant contributor to cancer-related deaths worldwide. Preventive strategies are crucial to combat this rising incidence. 6-shogaol, derived from ginger, has shown promise in preventing and treating various cancers.

Integrating traditional medicine into the African healthcare system post-Traditional Medicine Global Summit: challenges and recommendations.

The World Health Organization (WHO) held the inaugural Traditional Medicine Global Summit in India in 2023 to promote the evidence-based integration of traditional medicine (TM) into the global healthcare system. This summit offers many opportunities for Africa, where most people rely on TM for health care. TM is widely accepted and affordable in the region but faces many challenges that limit its potential.

Utility of zebrafish-based models in understanding molecular mechanisms of neurotoxicity mediated by the gut-brain axis.

The gut microbes perform several beneficial functions which impact the periphery and central nervous systems of the host. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is acknowledged as a major contributor to the development of several neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders including bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. Thus, elucidation of how the gut microbiota-brain axis plays a role in health and disease conditions is a potential novel approach to prevent and treat brain disorders.

Exogenous monosodium glutamate exacerbates lipopolysaccharide-induced neurobehavioral deficits, oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, and cholinergic dysfunction in rat brain.

Extensive experimental evidence points to neuroinflammation and oxidative stress as major pathogenic events that initiate and drive the neurodegenerative process. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a widely used food additive in processed foods known for its umami taste-enhancing properties. However, concerns about its potential adverse effects on the brain have been raised.

Ferulic acid interventions ameliorate NDEA-CCl-induced hepatocellular carcinoma via Nrf2 and p53 upregulation and Akt/PKB-NF-κB-TNF-α pathway downregulation in male Wistar rats.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a prevalent form of liver cancer that is life threatening. Many chemically synthesized anti-cancer drugs have various degrees of side effects. Hence, this study investigated the effect of FEAC interventions on NDEA-CCl-induced HCAR in male Wistar rats.

Toxicological assessment of sodium benzoate in Drosophila melanogaster.

Sodium benzoate (SB), the sodium salt of benzoic acid, is a food preservative with wide applications in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries due to its ability to kill many microorganisms effectively. Experimental evidence however suggests that excessive intake of SB poses detrimental health risks among consumers in the population. The present study investigated the toxic effects of various concentrations of SB using Drosophila melanogaster as a model.

Herbal inclusions ameliorate effect of heat stress on haematology, proinflammatory cytokines, adipokines and oxidative stress of weaned rabbit does in humid tropics.

A study was designed to evaluate the effect of Moringa oleifera, Phyllanthus amarus and Viscum album leaf meal as herbal inclusions to alleviate the detrimental outcomes of heat stress in weaned female rabbits. Forty (40) weaned rabbit does (527.99 ± 10.