Limitations of panoramic radiographs in predicting mandibular wisdom tooth extraction and the potential of deep learning models to overcome them.

Surgeons routinely interpret preoperative radiographic images for estimating the shape and position of the tooth prior to performing tooth extraction. In this study, we aimed to predict the difficulty of lower wisdom tooth extraction using only panoramic radiographs. Difficulty was evaluated using the modified Parant score.

Microbiological comparison of the disinfecting efficacy of small and large cotton swabs in nasotracheal intubation: a randomized trial.

Background: Nasotracheal intubation (NTI) is necessary during surgeries requiring clear access to the surgical field and in patients with respiratory issues. This study investigates the pre-NTI nasal disinfection efficacy of different cotton swab sizes, hypothesizing that smaller swabs could minimize bleeding while maintaining disinfection efficacy.

Methods: Patients classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists-physical status (ASA-PS) class 1 or 2 scheduled for general anesthesia with NTI were randomly assigned to either a large cotton swabs (LCS) or fine cotton swabs (FCS) group in this randomized controlled trial (RCT).

Longevity of glass ionomer restorations in an older adult population.

Objectives: This study investigates longevity of glass ionomer restorations in an older adult population.

Methods: This was a retrospective study based on clinical records. Patient records for 3,665 restorations in 1,777 adults 65 or older who had received a restoration between 12th July 2016 and 20th October 2022 were extracted from the electronic dental records system of the University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics.

A Novel Isolation Technique Using Polytetrafluoroethylene Tape and Split Dam Isolation for Cementation in Bridge Restorations.

Objective: This case report presents a novel technique for bridge restoration using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tape and split dam isolation in situations where achieving complete dental dam isolation is challenging.

Clinical Considerations: Achieving high-quality isolation by controlling gingival crevicular fluid and intraoral relative humidity is important during cementation. However, an improved technique during bridge restoration is needed due to the difficulties faced with dental dam isolation.

Dipeptidyl Peptidase (DPP)-4 Inhibitors and Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide, a DPP-4 Substrate, Extend Neurite Outgrowth of Mouse Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons: A Promising Approach in Diabetic Polyneuropathy Treatment.

Individuals suffering from diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) experience debilitating symptoms such as pain, paranesthesia, and sensory disturbances, prompting a quest for effective treatments. Dipeptidyl-peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors, recognized for their potential in ameliorating DPN, have sparked interest, yet the precise mechanism underlying their neurotrophic impact on the peripheral nerve system (PNS) remains elusive. Our study delves into the neurotrophic effects of DPP-4 inhibitors, including Diprotin A, linagliptin, and sitagliptin, alongside pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), Neuropeptide Y (NPY), and Stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1a-known DPP-4 substrates with neurotrophic properties.

Deep learning classification performance for diagnosing condylar osteoarthritis in patients with dentofacial deformities using panoramic temporomandibular joint projection images.

Objective: The present study aimed to assess the consistencies and performances of deep learning (DL) models in the diagnosis of condylar osteoarthritis (OA) among patients with dentofacial deformities using panoramic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) projection images.

Methods: A total of 68 TMJs with or without condylar OA in dentofacial deformity patients were tested to verify the consistencies and performances of DL models created using 252 TMJs with or without OA in TMJ disorder and dentofacial deformity patients; these models were used to diagnose OA on conventional panoramic (Con-Pa) images and open (Open-TMJ) and closed (Closed-TMJ) mouth TMJ projection images. The GoogLeNet and VGG-16 networks were used to create the DL models.

Mechanical properties and degree of conversion of resin-based core build-up materials and short fiber-reinforced flowable resin-based composite.

To evaluate the degree of conversion (DC), surface hardness (SH), and flexural strength (FS) of resin-based core build-up materials. Core build-up materials used were: MultiCore Flow (MCF); Activa (ACT); Core-X Flow (CXF); and everX flow (EVX), and DC, SH and FS were measured. An increase of DC was identified for all materials post-cure, except for EVX.

A cycle generative adversarial network for generating synthetic contrast-enhanced computed tomographic images from non-contrast images in the internal jugular lymph node-bearing area.

The objectives of this study were to create a mutual conversion system between contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and non-CECT images using a cycle generative adversarial network (cycleGAN) for the internal jugular region. Image patches were cropped from CT images in 25 patients who underwent both CECT and non-CECT imaging. Using a cycleGAN, synthetic CECT and non-CECT images were generated from original non-CECT and CECT images, respectively.

Differences in the panoramic appearance of cleft alveolus patients with or without a cleft palate.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to clarify the panoramic image differences of cleft alveolus patients with or without a cleft palate, with emphases on the visibility of the line formed by the junction between the nasal septum and nasal floor (the upper line) and the appearances of the maxillary lateral incisor.

Materials And Methods: Panoramic radiographs of 238 patients with cleft alveolus were analyzed for the visibility of the upper line, including clear, obscure or invisible, and the appearances of the maxillary lateral incisor, regarding congenital absence, incomplete growth, delayed eruption and medial inclination. Differences in the distribution ratio of these visibility and appearances were verified between the patients with and without a cleft palate using the chi-square test.

Development of an LC-MS/MS method for the determination of five psychoactive drugs in postmortem urine by optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis of glucuronide conjugates.

Purpose: Toxicological analyses of biological samples play important roles in forensic and clinical investigations. Ingested drugs are excreted in urine as conjugates with endogenous substances such as glucuronic acid; hydrolyzing these conjugates improves the determination of target drugs by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In this study, we sought to improve the enzymatic hydrolysis of glucuronide conjugates of five psychoactive drugs (11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol, oxazepam, lorazepam, temazepam, and amitriptyline).

External Validation of the Effect of the Combined Use of Object Detection for the Classification of the C-Shaped Canal Configuration of the Mandibular Second Molar in Panoramic Radiographs: A Multicenter Study.

Introduction: The purposes of this study were to evaluate the effect of the combined use of object detection for the classification of the C-shaped canal anatomy of the mandibular second molar in panoramic radiographs and to perform an external validation on a multicenter dataset.

Methods: The panoramic radiographs of 805 patients were collected from 4 institutes across two countries. The CBCT data of the same patients were used as "Ground-truth".

The Effect of Sintering on Zirconia Manufactured via Suspension-Enclosing Projection Stereolithography for Dental Applications: An In Vitro Study.

Background: Zirconia is a widely used material in the dental industry due to its excellent mechanical and aesthetic properties. Recently, a new 3D printing process called suspension-enclosing projection stereolithography (SEPS) was introduced to fabricate zirconia dental restorations. However, the effect of the sintering time and temperature on the properties of zirconia produced via SEPS has not been fully investigated.

Fracture Resistance of Chairside CAD/CAM Lithium Disilicate-reinforced Ceramic Occlusal Veneers With and Without Margin and Full Coverage Crowns.

Objective: The aim of this investigation was to compare the fracture resistance of chairside computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) lithium disilicate-reinforced ceramic occlusal veneers with and without margin and traditional full coverage premolar crowns.

Methods And Materials: A total of 60 chairside CAD/CAM lithium disilicate-reinforced ceramic (Amber Mill, Hass Bio) restorations were designed and fabricated with a chairside CAD/CAM system (CEREC Dentsply Sirona). The restorations were divided into three groups (n=20): 1) occlusal veneer with 1.

Unusual imaging appearance of cemental tear in the maxillary first molar on cone-beam computed tomography: A case report.

A cemental tear (CeT) is a definitive clinical entity and its radiographic appearance is well known in single-rooted teeth. However, the imaging features of CeT in multi-rooted teeth have not been clarified. We report a case of CeT which arose in the maxillary first molar and exhibited an unusual appearance in cone-beam computed tomography images.

Parameter variation effects on millimeter wave dosimetry based on precise skin thickness in real rats.

This study presents a parametric analysis of the steady-state temperature elevation in rat skin models due to millimeter wave exposure at frequencies from 6-100 GHz. The statistical data of the thickness of skin layers, namely epidermis, dermis, dermal white adipose tissue, and panniculus carnosus, were measured for the first time using the excised tissues of real male Sprague-Dawley rats. Based on the precise structure obtained from the histological analysis of rat skin, we solve the bioheat transfer equation to investigate the effects of changes in parameters, such as body parts and thermal constants, on the absorbed power density and temperature elevation of biological tissues.

Intensity-dependent Temperature Rise Induced by Local Exposure to 26.5 GHz Quasi-Millimeter-Wave in Rat.

Background/aim: The widespread use of fifth-generation 5G millimeter-waves (MMW) generates concern about potential adverse health effects. The latest international guidelines for MMW exposure adopt an absorbed power density (APD) of 200 W/m to avoid a local temperature rise of 5°C in human tissues as an operational adverse health effect threshold. However, because APD is estimated by simulations using human tissue models, it is unknown whether a similar value can be confirmed for living tissues.

Inductive effect of SORT1 on odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp-derived stem cells.

This study investigated the expression of sortilin 1 (SORT1) in cultured human dental pulp-derived stem cells (hDPSCs) and its role in their odontoblastic differentiation. Permanent teeth were extracted from five patients, and the dental pulp was harvested for explant culture. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting was used to analyze the outgrowth of adherent cells and cells that had migrated from the tissue margin.

C-fos expression in the solitary nucleus medial region and reaction to acute hemorrhage in streptozotocin-stimulated diabetic rats.

Examination of circulatory dynamics and autonomic nerve activity in acute hemorrhage in diabetic (DM) rats revealed that despite decreased receptor sensitivity to arterial blood pressure, the DM rats experienced a decline in the heart rate and acceleration of the parasympathetic nerve activity at the sympathoinhibitory phase in response to bleeding (Bezold-Jarisch [B-J] reflex). To elucidate the involvement of the B-J reflex as a reaction to acute hemorrhage in DM rats by assessing -Fos-positive cell (-Fos) expression in the nucleus of the solitary tract (SolM), the primary relay nucleus of the baroreflex, Streptozotocin-induced DM and non-DM rats underwent controlled-graded bleeding or continuous phenylephrine infusion under conscious state. Changes in hemodynamics and autonomous nervous system caused by acute hemorrhage and continuous phenylephrine infusion were examined by analyzing blood pressure-heart rate variability.

OPLAH Protein Expression Stratifies the Prognosis of Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus.

Background/aim: Squamous cell carcinoma is one of the major subtypes of esophageal carcinoma, and the 5-year overall survival rate of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients who underwent curative treatment remains below 40%. We aimed to detect and validate the prognosticators of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in patients who underwent radical esophagectomy.

Materials And Methods: Comprehensive analysis of transcriptome and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed OPLAH as one of the differentially expressed genes between esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues and normal esophageal mucosa.

Ceramic versus Composite Resin Polishing Systems on the Surface Roughness of Milled Leucite-Reinforced Ceramics.

This study aimed to compare the surface finish of milled leucite-reinforced ceramics polished with ceramic and composite polishing systems based on the manufacturers' recommendations. Sixty subtractive computer-aided manufactured (s-CAM) leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic specimens (IPS-Empress-CAD) were assigned into six groups: no polishing, a ceramic polishing kit, and four composite kit groups. The roughness average (Ra) was evaluated in microns using a profilometer, and scanning electron micrographs were obtained for qualitative analysis.

In Vitro Study of Zirconia Surface Modification for Dental Implants by Atomic Layer Deposition.

Zirconia is a promising material for dental implants; however, an appropriate surface modification procedure has not yet been identified. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a nanotechnology that deposits thin films of metal oxides or metals on materials. The aim of this study was to deposit thin films of titanium dioxide (TiO), aluminum oxide (AlO), silicon dioxide (SiO), and zinc oxide (ZnO) on zirconia disks (ZR-Ti, ZR-Al, ZR-Si, and ZR-Zn, respectively) using ALD and evaluate the cell proliferation abilities of mouse fibroblasts (L929) and mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) on each sample.

Injectable Flowable Resin-based Composite Veneers Prior to Ceramic Veneers.

Objectives: This case report describes the clinical protocols for using injectable flowable resin-based composite veneers without tooth reduction as long-term prototype restorations, followed by conservative feldspathic veneer restorations.

Clinical Consideration: The patient's primary concern was to improve her smile. After clinical evaluation, injectable flowable resin composite veneers were recommended as long-term prototypes followed by conservative tooth preparation and ceramic veneers.