Consideration points in the decision making in chronic respiratory diseases.

Even though dynamic multidisciplinary team discussions are crucial for end-of-life care management and decisions concerning chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the details of the discussion contents remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify essential considerations in decision-making for patients with chronic respiratory diseases to enhance a consensus-based approach. A qualitative content analysis of focus group conversations on published clinical case reports in the Japanese community about end-of-life care for patients with chronic respiratory disorders was conducted.

Factors influencing interprofessional collaboration in long-term care from a multidisciplinary perspective: a case study approach.

Systematic assessments of interprofessional collaboration barriers and enablers in long-term care settings are critical for delivering person-centered healthcare. However, research on factors influencing interprofessional collaboration in long-term care settings is limited. For this study, 65 healthcare professionals across multiple facilities experienced in long-term care in Japan participated in online focus group discussions and individual interviews to discuss cases.

Associations of overweight and obesity with the risk of cardiovascular disease according to metabolic risk factors among middle-aged Japanese workers: The Aichi Workers' cohort study.

Background: The association between obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear, particularly for those with established CVD risk factors. We analyzed follow-up data from the Aichi Workers' Cohort Study. We studied the association between the degree of obesity and risk of CVD and its subtypes specifically among individuals with hypertension, hyper-low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterolemia, or diabetes.

Association of psychological factors with advanced-level functional competency: Findings from the Aichi workers' cohort study, 2002-2019.

Objective: This study examined the longitudinal association of perceived stress, and having someone one can count on in middle age with the advanced-level functional competency in older age, which is crucial for the maintenance of independent life among older adults. The issue is especially relevant in super-aged countries like contemporary Japan, where more and more older people live in a household consisting only of older people.

Methods: Data were collected in 2019 from a total of 1692 retirees of the Aichi Workers' Cohort Study participants in which baseline survey including psychological factors was conducted during their employment in 2002.

[The current role of advance care planning for people with dementia - A narrative review].

Advance care planning (ACP) for people with dementia, as with other diseases, is a necessary process to realize medical treatment and care in the final stage of a person's life. On the other hand, dementia, a disease that is expected to make it difficult for people to make decisions on their own in the future, has a long course, and is characterized by uncertainty regarding the course of the disease, which may also be a limiting factor in the implementation of ACP for people with dementia. On the other hand, the uncertainties may also be a reason for implementing ACP.

Lifestyle and psychosocial factors and a decline in competence in daily living among Japanese early elderly people: from an age-specified community-based cohort study (NISSIN project).

Background: To let the early elderly live well, understanding how lifestyle and psychosocial factors related to a decline in competence in daily living is important.

Methods: We investigated the associations between lifestyle and psychosocial factors at age 64 years and a decline in the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence score of ≥ 2 points at age 70 years among the participants in comprehensive medical check-ups living in a city in Japan. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed separately for men and women.

[Utility of cycle ergometer stress testing as a measure to assess health status and physical functioning for elderly people].

Purpose: This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of abnormal cardiovascular findings for elderly persons on exercise stress testing, and examine the relationship between exercise capacity estimated by the test and other physical functions or self-rated functional capacity cross-sectionally.

Methods: Participants of this study were 83 elderly persons (24 males and 59 females, mean age, 80 years old) who were planning to undergo a falls prevention program. A questionnaire asking about functional capacity, physical functional testing (maximum stride length, maximum speed walking for 10 meters, one leg standing time, and grip strength), and cycle ergometer exercise stress testing were applied.

[The effects of a practical diabetes prevention training course for public health care providers in Aichi Prefecture].

Purpose: Lifestyle intervention for high-risk people is one of the most important issues for reduction of diabetic patients. Public health care providers should update their knowledge and enhance their educational skills. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a diabetes prevention training course for public health care providers in Aichi Prefecture.