Carbonaceous Nanomaterials for Phototherapy of Cancer.

Carbonaceous nanomaterials (CNMs) have drawn tremendous biomedical research interest because of their unique structural features. Recently, CNMs, namely carbon dots, fullerenes, graphene, etc, have been successful in establishing them as considerable nanotherapeutics for phototherapy applications due to their electrical, thermal, and surface properties. This review aims to crosstalk the current understanding of CNMs as multimodal compounds in photothermal and photodynamic therapies as an integrated approach to treating cancer.

'Transfersome-embedded-gel' for dual-mechanistic delivery of anti-psoriatic drugs to dermal lymphocytes.

Aim: Develop a platform for co-delivering clobetasol propionate (CP) and cyclosporine (CyA) to the epidermis and dermis to treat psoriasis.

Methods: The transfersomes were prepared by thin-film hydration method. Transfersomes were characterised by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscope (TEM).

Tumor microenvironment targeted nanotherapeutics for cancer therapy and diagnosis: A review.

Recent findings suggest that the cellular and extracellular materials surrounding the cancerous cells from an atypical tumor microenvironment (TM) play a pivotal role in the process of tumor initiation and progression. TM comprises an intricate system involving diverse cell types including endothelial cells, pericytes, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, various inflammatory cells, dendritic cells, and cancer stem cells (CSCs). The TM-forming cells dynamically interact with the cancerous cells through various signaling mechanisms and pathways.