mycotoxins: The major food contaminants.

Mycotoxins, which are secondary metabolites produced by toxicogenic fungi, are natural food toxins that cause acute and chronic adverse reactions in humans and animals. The genus is one of three major genera of mycotoxin-producing fungi. Trichothecenes, fumonisins, and zearalenone are the major mycotoxins that occur worldwide.

Single-cell Raman and functional gene analyses reveal microbial P solubilization in agriculture waste-modified soils.

Application of agricultural waste such as rapeseed meal (RM) is regarded as a sustainable way to improve soil phosphorus (P) availability by direct nutrient supply and stimulation of native phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) in soils. However, exploration of the in situ microbial P solubilizing function in soils remains a challenge. Here, by applying both phenotype-based single-cell Raman with DO labeling (Raman-DO) and genotype-based high-throughput chips targeting carbon, nitrogen and P (CNP) functional genes, the effect of RM application on microbial P solubilization in three typical farmland soils was investigated.

Efficient pH-universal degradation of antibiotic tetracycline via CoP decorated Neosinocalamus affinis biochar.

Considering the complexity of traditional cobalt phosphide (CoP) loaded biochar synthesis research on a simple and efficient synthesis method has practical significance. In this study, after phosphoric acid activation, Neosinocalamus affinis biochar (NAB) and nanoplate CoO quickly formed a CoP-NAB composite material with high CoP crystallinity and was uniformly dispersed on the surface of NAB in a microwave reactor. CoP-NAB has an excellent catalytic degradation effect in the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade tetracycline (TC).

Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in farmland soils in Beijing by three improved risk assessment methods.

Beijing, as the capital of China, still has soil pollution problems that cannot be ignored. However, there are few studies on the overall ecological risks of heavy metals in farmland soils in Beijing. This study selected 432 soils and crops heavy metal content data of eight districts in Beijing from academic papers and academic journal papers.

Application of controlled release urea improved grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency: A meta-analysis.

The application of controlled release urea (CRU) has been proposed as a crucial method to reduce the adverse environmental effects induced by conventional urea (CU). Yet, a systematic and quantitative analysis on how CRU affects staple crop production including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), maize (Zea mays L.

Transcription profiling-guided remodeling of sulfur metabolism in synthetic bacteria for efficiently capturing heavy metals.

Heavy metal contamination is becoming a global problem threatening human health. Heavy metal removal by engineered microbes by cellular adsorption and uptake is a promising strategy for treatment of heavy metal contamination. However, this strategy is confronted with limited heavy metal-capturing elements.