Perch Hydrolysates from Upcycling of Perch Side Streams Accelerate Wound Healing by Enhancing Fibroblasts to Secrete Procollagen I, Fibronectin, and Hyaluronan.

Wound healing incurs various challenges, making it an important topic in medicine. Short-chain peptides from fish protein hydrolysates possess wound healing properties that may represent a solution. In this study, perch hydrolysates were produced from perch side steams using a designed commercial complex enzyme via a proprietary pressure extraction technique.

Further Evidence of Anthropogenic Impact: High Levels of Multiple-Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria Found in Neritic-Stage Sea Turtles.

Background/objectives: Marine turtles are globally threatened and face daily anthropogenic threats, including pollution. Water pollution from emerging contaminants such as antimicrobials is a major and current environmental concern.

Methods: This study investigated the phenotypic antimicrobial resistance and heavy metal resistance genes of 47 isolates from different stages of sea turtles (oceanic stage vs neritic stage) from the Taiwanese coast.

Discovery of amino acid-conjugated dimethylcardamonin analogues as potent anti-cervical cancer agents on SiHa cells targeting p53 signalling pathway.

DMC (1) is a phytochemical found in the seeds of Syzygium nervosum, exhibiting anticancer activity in various cells through multiple pathways. Herein, the bioactivity of DMC (1) was enhanced by chemical modification through esterification, attaching fatty acid and amino acid moieties to yield 27 semi-synthetic derivatives. These compounds were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity against three main types of cervical cancer cells, including SiHa, HeLa, and C-33A.

The Role of Dicer Phosphorylation in Gemcitabine Resistance of Pancreatic Cancer.

Dicer, a cytoplasmic type III RNase, is essential for the maturation of microRNAs (miRNAs) and is implicated in cancer progression and chemoresistance. Our previous research demonstrated that phosphorylation of Dicer at S1016 alters miRNA maturation and glutamine metabolism, contributing to gemcitabine (GEM) resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In this study, we focused on the role of Dicer phosphorylation at S1728/S1852 in GEM-resistant PDAC cells.

Fermentative Characteristics and Metabolic Profiles of Japanese Apricot Juice Fermented with and .

Functional fermented fruit juices produced using a combination of non- yeast and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are relatively unexplored. The effects of three inoculation protocols, single inoculation with (), single inoculation with (), and co-culture of both + , on the physicochemical, microbiological, sensory properties, and metabolic profile of fermented JA juices after 24 h at 30 °C were investigated. Uninoculated (UI) Japanese apricot (JA) juice was used as a control.

A pilot pharmacokinetic and Metabolite identification study of Erinacine A in a Single landrace pig model.

Erinacine A has been proven to have the ability to protect nerves and have the benefit of neurohealth. However, the pharmacokinetic and metabolites study of erinacine A in pigs, whose physiology and anatomy are similar to humans, have not been reported. In this study, 5 mg/kg of erinacine A was intravenously administered to the landrace pig.

Vitamin Solutions Effects on Reproduction of Broodstock, Growth Performance, and Survival Rate of Catfish Fingerlings.

This study evaluates the effect of different diets supplemented with vitamin solutions on catfish broodstock reproduction, growth performances, and the survival rates of fish larvae and fingerling. The growth and reproductive performances of breeders fed with different test diets showed significant differences among the six tested diets ( < 0.05).

Combination of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and an indirect fluorescence assay for a nationwide sero-survey of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pig herds in Taiwan.

Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic pathogen that can infect farm animals, companion animals, and humans, sometimes causing public health issues. In Taiwan, the pig industry is a vital agricultural industry, with a self-sufficiency rate of 91 %, and pigs are also food-producing animal reservoirs of Toxoplasma gondii. Infected pigs are usually asymptomatic, and abortions and death may occur in severe cases.

Novel Experimental Mouse Model to Study the Pathogenesis and Therapy of Infection.

(APP) is a major cause of lung infections in pigs. An experimental mouse has the edge over pigs pertaining to the ease of experimental operation, disease study and therapy, abundance of genetic resources, and cost. However, it is a challenge to introduce APP into a mouse lung due to the small respiratory tract of mice and bacterial host tropism.

Postvaccination serosurveillance of foot-and-mouth disease through virus-neutralizing and nonstructural protein antibody tests on pig farms in Taiwan: 2009-2020.

The use of virus-neutralizing (VN) and nonstructural protein (NSP) antibody tests in a serosurveillance program for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) can identify pig herds that are adequately vaccinated, with a high percentage of pigs with VN positive antibody titers; these tests can also help identify pigs with NSP-positivity that have previously been or are currently infected even in vaccinated herds. To identify infected herds and manage infection, the combination of VN and NSP antibody tests was used in Taiwan's serosurveillance program implemented simultaneously with the compulsory FMD vaccination program. The result was the eradication of FMD: Taiwan was recognized by the World Organization for Animal Health as an FMD-free country without vaccination in 2020.

Fabrication and application of glutathione biosensing SPCE strips with gold nanoparticle modification.

Glutathione (GSH) is a major antioxidant in organisms. An alteration in GSH concentration has been implicated in a number of pathological conditions. Therefore, GSH sensing has become a critical issue.

Mesobiliverdin IXα-enriched microalgae feed additive eliminates reliance on antibiotic tylosin to promote intestinal health of weaning piglets.

Weaning is a critical period in raising pigs. Novel animal feed additives that promote gut health and regulate immune function of piglets without antibiotics are needed. In this study, we aimed to test the ability of mesobiliverdin IXα-enriched microalgae (MBV IXα-enriched microalgae) to eliminate reliance on antibiotics to promote intestinal health in piglets.

Safety and efficacy of intracoronary artery administration of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in STEMI of Lee-Sung pigs-A preclinical study for supporting the feasibility of the OmniMSC-AMI phase I clinical trial.

Background: This study tested whether early left intracoronary arterial (LAD) administration of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs, called OmniMSCs) in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) of Lee-Sung pigs induced by 90 min balloon-occluded LAD was safe and effective.

Methods And Results: Young male Lee-Sung pigs were categorized into SC (sham-operated control,  = 3), AMI-B (STEMI + buffer/21 cc/administered at 90 min after STEMI,  = 6), and AMI-M [acute myocardial infarction (AMI) + hBMMSCs/1.5 × 10/administered at 90 min after STEMI,  = 6] groups.

The Role of SCL Isoforms in Embryonic Hematopoiesis.

Three waves of hematopoiesis occur in the mouse embryo. The primitive hematopoiesis appears as blood islands in the extra embryonic yolk sac at E7.5.

Using random forest to predict antimicrobial minimum inhibitory concentrations of nontyphoidal Salmonella in Taiwan.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health issue and surveillance of AMR can be useful for understanding AMR trends and planning intervention strategies. Salmonella, widely distributed in food-producing animals, has been considered the first priority for inclusion in the AMR surveillance program by the World Health Organization (WHO). Recent advances in rapid and affordable whole-genome sequencing (WGS) techniques lead to the emergence of WGS as a one-stop test to predict the antimicrobial susceptibility.

A Mitochondrion-Targeting Protein (B2) Primes ROS/Nrf2-Mediated Stress Signals, Triggering Apoptosis and Necroptosis in Lung Cancer.

The betanodavirus B2 protein targets mitochondria and triggers mitochondrion-mediated cell death signaling in lung cancer cells; however, its molecular mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we observed that B2 triggers hydrogen peroxide/Nrf2-involved stress signals in the dynamic regulation of non-small lung cancer cell (NSCLC)-programmed cell death. Here, the B2 protein works as a necrotic inducer that triggers lung cancer death via p53 upregulation and RIP3 expression, suggesting a new perspective on lung cancer therapy.

The influences of stomatal size and density on rice abiotic stress resilience.

A warming climate coupled with reductions in water availability and rising salinity are increasingly affecting rice (Oryza sativa) yields. Elevated temperatures combined with vapour pressure deficit (VPD) rises are causing stomatal closure, further reducing plant productivity and cooling. It is unclear what stomatal size (SS) and stomatal density (SD) will best suit all these environmental extremes.

Gastroprotective Effect of on Aspirin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Mice.

Gastric ulcers are commonly seen in the upper gastrointestinal tract and may be related to the infection and the use of aspirin, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Typically, proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are used to treat gastric ulcers; however, adverse effects have emerged following long-term treatment. Natural medicines are used as alternative therapeutic agents in the treatment of gastric ulcers, with few side effects.

- Invited Review - Reproductive technologies needed for the generation of precise gene-edited pigs in the pathways from laboratory to farm.

Gene editing (GE) offers a new breeding technique (NBT) of sustainable value to animal agriculture. There are 3 GE working sites covering 5 feasible pathways to generate GE pigs along with the crucial intervals of GE/genotyping, microinjection/electroporation, induced pluripotent stem cells, somatic cell nuclear transfer, cryopreservation, and nonsurgical embryo transfer. The extension of NBT in the new era of pig breeding depends on the synergistic effect of GE and reproductive biotechnologies; the outcome relies not only on scientific due diligence and operational excellence but also on the feasibility of application on farms to improve sustainability.

Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity and Chemical Composition of Leaf Essential Oil.

Gout is a common metabolic disease caused by abnormal purine metabolism that promotes the formation and deposition of monosodium urate crystals within joints that causes acute arthritis and can seriously affect the daily life of patients. is one of the traditional medicinal plants of the Anacardiaceae family, and there have been many studies on its biological activity, including anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, antibacterial, antioxidant, and hypoglycemic activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antigout effect of leaf essential oil and its constituents through xanthine oxidase inhibition.

Organic cation transporter 2 activation enhances sensitivity to oxaliplatin in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Oxaliplatin, a third-generation platinum derivative, has become one of the main chemotherapeutic treatments for esophagus, gastric and colorectal cancer; however, it is still unclear the potential effectiveness for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with gemcitabine resistance. Here, we observed that PDAC tumors have low level of organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2, also known as SLC22A2) compared with non-tumor tissues and identified that OCT2 expression is positively correlated with oxaliplatin sensitivity in PDAC cells. Treatment of OCT2 inhibitors or knockdown of OCT2 expression significantly decreased the sensitivity to oxaliplatin in PANC-1 cells.

The Use of Distinctive Monoclonal Antibodies in FMD VLP- and P1-Based Blocking ELISA for the Seromonitoring of Vaccinated Swine.

The serum neutralization (SN) test has been regarded as the "gold standard" for seroconversion following foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) vaccination, although a high-level biosafety laboratory is necessary. ELISA is one alternative, and its format is constantly being improved. For instance, standard polyclonal antisera have been replaced by monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) for catching and detecting antibodies, and inactive viruses have been replaced by virus-like particles (VLPs).

Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Improvement with Prebiotics: Histological Evaluation of Longish Glucomannan Hydrolysates-Induced Innate T Lymphocyte Activities in Mice.

Use of prebiotics is a growing topic in healthcare. A lightweight molecule and water-soluble fiber ingredient, longish glucomannan hydrolysates (LGH), has been developed to improve the intestinal mucosal barrier and confer gut health benefits. This study aims to investigate the implications of continuous LGH intervening in intestinal epithelium integrity and protective immunity against chemical dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis.

A statistical approach to identify prevalent virulence factors responsible for post-weaning diarrhoeic piglets.

A statistical approach was carried out to identify the prevalent virulence factors responsible for post-weaning diarrhoea (PWD). Healthy piglets' faecal samples and diarrhoeic piglets' rectal swab specimens were secured. Twenty-six (26) and 100 independent enterotoxigenic (ETEC) strains were subsequently isolated.