Design and validation of a real-time cassava planter seed quality monitoring system based on optical fiber sensors and rotary encoders.

Targeting the issues of seed leakage and cutting segment adhesion due to poor seed feeding and cutting in real-time seed-cutting cassava planters, this study developed a seeding quality monitoring system. Based on the structure and working principle of the seed cutting and discharging device, the installation methods of the matrix fiber optic sensor and rotary encoder were determined. By combining the operational characteristics of the planter's ground wheel drive with seed cutting and seed dropping, a monitoring model correlating the sowing parameters with seed dropping time was established; a monitoring window was created by extracting and processing the rotary encoder pulse signal, and the number of seeds sown after each opposing cutter's operation was calculated based on the pulse width information within the monitoring window.

Impact of Mechanical and Manual Peeling on the Volatile Profile of White Pepper ( L.).

Mechanical peeling is more efficient and environmentally friendly compared to manual peeling. However, comparative studies on the quality of mechanically peeled pepper and manually peeled pepper are limited. This study utilized GC-MS to investigate the effects of immersion, steaming, and peeling machinery speed on the volatile composition of white pepper.

Recognition of mulberry leaf diseases based on multi-scale residual network fusion SENet.

Silkworms are insects with important economic value, and mulberry leaves are the food of silkworms. The quality and quantity of mulberry leaves have a direct impact on cocooning. Mulberry leaves are often infected with various diseases during the growth process.

Non-Destructive Determination of Bayberry Sugar and Acidity by Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Si-Sensor and Low-Cost Portable Instrument Development.

The digitalization of information is crucial for the upgrading of the bayberry digital agriculture industry, while the low-cost information detection sensing equipment for bayberry are a bottleneck for the digital development of the industry. The existing rapid and non-destructive detection devices for fruit acidity and sugar content mainly use near-infrared and mid-infrared spectral characteristic for detection. These devices use expensive InGaAs sensor, which are difficult to promote and apply in the bayberry digital industry.

Effects of rotation and Bacillus on the changes of continuous cropping soil fungal communities in American ginseng.

The continuous cropping obstacle is the main factor in leading to difficulty in American ginseng replanting. The dormant microbiota in the soil may be the cause of American ginseng disease and eventually caused continuous cropping obstacles, but there are few studies on the dynamic changes of soil microenvironment after American ginseng planting. In this study, we tracked short-term variation in physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, and fungal communities over time-series in soils with continuous cropping obstacle under crop rotation and probiotic Bacillus treatments.

Height detection of crop divider toes of sugarcane harvester based on Kalman adaptive adjustment.

Crop divider toes are an essential device of sugarcane harvester. Moving forward against the ground is a critical way to improve the harvesting rate of lodged sugarcane. Height detection is the basis for precise control of crop divider toes moving forward against the ground.

Application of improved YOLOv7-based sugarcane stem node recognition algorithm in complex environments.

Introduction: Sugarcane stem node detection is one of the key functions of a small intelligent sugarcane harvesting robot, but the accuracy of sugarcane stem node detection is severely degraded in complex field environments when the sugarcane is in the shadow of confusing backgrounds and other objects.

Methods: To address the problem of low accuracy of sugarcane arise node detection in complex environments, this paper proposes an improved sugarcane stem node detection model based on YOLOv7. First, the SimAM (A Simple Parameter-Free Attention Module for Convolutional Neural Networks) attention mechanism is added to solve the problem of feature loss due to the loss of image global context information in the convolution process, which improves the detection accuracy of the model in the case of image blurring; Second, the Deformable convolution Network is used to replace some of the traditional convolution layers in the original YOLOv7.

MVIRA: A model based on Missing Value Imputation and Reliability Assessment for mortality risk prediction.

Background: Mortality risk prediction is to predict whether a patient has the risk of death based on relevant diagnosis and treatment data. How to accurately predict patient mortality risk based on electronic health records (EHR) is currently a hot research topic in the healthcare field. In actual medical datasets, there are often many missing values, which can seriously interfere with the effect of model prediction.

Fixed-time adaptive dynamic event-triggered control of flexible-joint robots with prescribed performance and time delays.

In this study, a dynamic event-triggered control strategy was proposed for n-link flexible-joint robots with prescribed tracking performance and time delays. First, an adaptive fixed-time filter was designed to prevent "differential explosion", and a given-time prescribed performance method was introduced. Then, an auxiliary system and Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals were designed to compensate for input and full-state delays.

Responses of Soil Rare and Abundant Sub-Communities and Physicochemical Properties after Application of Different Chinese Herb Residue Soil Amendments.

Microbial diversity in the soil is responsive to changes in soil composition. However, the impact of soil amendments on the diversity and structure of rare and abundant sub-communities in agricultural systems is poorly understood. We investigated the effects of different Chinese herb residue (CHR) soil amendments and cropping systems on bacterial rare and abundant sub-communities.

Effects of American Ginseng Cultivation on Bacterial Community Structure and Responses of Soil Nutrients in Different Ecological Niches.

American ginseng ( L.) is a perennial herbaceous plant widely cultivated in China, Korea, the United States, and Japan due to its multifunctional properties. In northwest China, transplanting after 2-3 years has become the main mode of artificial cultivation of American ginseng.

An Acquisition Method of Agricultural Equipment Roll Angle Based on Multi-Source Information Fusion.

Accurately obtaining roll angles is one of the key technologies to improve the positioning accuracy and operation quality of agricultural equipment. Given the demand for the acquisition of agricultural equipment roll angles, a roll angle monitoring model based on Kalman filtering and multi-source information fusion was established by using the MTi-300 AHRS inertial sensor (INS) and XW-GI 5630 BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), which were installed on agricultural equipment. Data of the INS and BDS were fused by MATLAB; then, Kalman filter was used to optimize the data, and the state equation and measurement equation of the integrated system were established.

Rumen Degradability and Small Intestinal Digestibility of the Amino Acids in Four Protein Supplements.

The supplementation of livestock feed with animal protein is a present cause for public concern, and plant protein shortages have become increasingly prominent in China. This conflict may be resolved by fully utilizing currently available sources of plant protein. We estimated the rumen degradability and the small intestinal digestibility of the amino acids (AA) in rapeseed meal (RSM), soybean meal (SBM), sunflower seed meal (SFM) and sesame meal (SSM) using the mobile nylon bag method to determine the absorbable AA content of these protein supplements as a guide towards dietary formulations for the dairy industry.