Genome-Wide Investigation of Apyrase (APY) Genes in Peanut ( L.) and Functional Characterization of a Pod-Abundant Expression Promoter .

Peanut ( L.) is an important food and feed crop worldwide and is affected by various biotic and abiotic stresses. The cellular ATP levels decrease significantly during stress as ATP molecules move to extracellular spaces, resulting in increased ROS production and cell apoptosis.

Copper removal capability and genomic insight into the lifestyle of copper mine inhabiting Micrococcus yunnanensis GKSM13.

Heavy metal pollution in mining areas is a serious environmental concern. The exploration of mine-inhabiting microbes, especially bacteria may use as an effective alternative for the remediation of mining hazards. A highly copper-tolerant strain GKSM13 was isolated from the soil of the Singhbhum copper mining area and characterized for significant copper (Cu) removal potential and tolerance to other heavy metals.

Effect of terminal heat stress on osmolyte accumulation and gene expression during grain filling in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

The grain-filling stage in Triticum aestivum (wheat) is highly vulnerable to increasing temperature as terminal heat stress diminishes grain quality and yield. To examine the mechanism of terminal heat tolerance, we performed the biochemical and gene expression analyses using two heat-tolerant (WH730 and WH1218) and two heat-sensitive (WH711 and WH157) wheat genotypes. We observed a significant increase in total soluble sugar (25%-47%), proline (7%-15%), and glycine betaine (GB) (22%-34%) contents in flag leaf, whereas a decrease in grain-filling duration, 1000-kernel weight (8%-25%), and grain yield per plant (11%-23%) was observed under the late-sown compared to the timely sown.

Assessment of proline function in higher plants under extreme temperatures.

Climate change and abiotic stress factors are key players in crop losses worldwide. Among which, extreme temperatures (heat and cold) disturb plant growth and development, reduce productivity and, in severe cases, lead to plant death. Plants have developed numerous strategies to mitigate the detrimental impact of temperature stress.

Comparative gene retention analysis in barley, wild emmer, and bread wheat pangenome lines reveals factors affecting gene retention following gene duplication.

Background: Gene duplication is a prevalent phenomenon and a major driving force underlying genome evolution. The process leading to the fixation of gene duplicates following duplication is critical to understand how genome evolves but remains fragmentally understood. Most previous studies on gene retention are based on gene duplicate analyses in single reference genome.

Delineating Marker-Trait Associations for Fusarium Wilt in Chickpea Using the Axiom SNP Array.

Fusarium wilt (FW) caused by f. sp. is a devastating disease of chickpea ().

Macroscopic and microscopic study on floral biology and pollination of Cinnamomum verum Blume (Sri Lankan).

Cinnamomum verum Blume (syn Cinnamomum zeylanicum) commonly known as Ceylon cinnamon, has gained worldwide attention due to its health benefits and its unique quality. Therefore, maintaining the yield quality and quantity is essential, especially for high-end value-added products. Knowledge on floral behaviour and reproductive biology is essential for breeding superior varieties and is critical for commercial cultivation efforts.

Developing future heat-resilient vegetable crops.

Climate change seriously impacts global agriculture, with rising temperatures directly affecting the yield. Vegetables are an essential part of daily human consumption and thus have importance among all agricultural crops. The human population is increasing daily, so there is a need for alternative ways which can be helpful in maximizing the harvestable yield of vegetables.

Characterization of First Races in Sri Lanka and Identification of Genes for the Development of Rust-Resistant Snap Beans.

Bean rust is a devastating disease of snap beans in Sri Lanka. Our study endeavored to develop snap beans with resistance to , the bean rust pathogen reported to have numerous virulent races. Accordingly, we needed a detailed understanding of the virulence of .

Whole genome resequencing identifies candidate genes and allelic diagnostic markers for resistance to infection in cultivated peanut ( L.).

Bacterial wilt disease (BWD), caused by is a major challenge for peanut production in China and significantly affects global peanut field productivity. It is imperative to identify genetic loci and putative genes controlling resistance to (RRS). Therefore, a sequencing-based trait mapping approach termed "QTL-seq" was applied to a recombination inbred line population of 581 individuals from the cross of Yueyou 92 (resistant) and Xinhuixiaoli (susceptible).

Multiplex CRISPR-Cas9 Gene-Editing Can Deliver Potato Cultivars with Reduced Browning and Acrylamide.

Storing potato tubers at cold temperatures, either for transport or continuity of supply, is associated with the conversion of sucrose to reducing sugars. When cold-stored cut tubers are processed at high temperatures, with endogenous asparagine, acrylamide is formed. Acrylamide is classified as a carcinogen.

Comprehensive Transcriptome Profiling Uncovers Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Candidate Genes Associated with Heat Stress Response in Chickpea.

Chickpea ( L.) production is highly susceptible to heat stress (day/night temperatures above 32/20 °C). Identifying the molecular mechanisms and potential candidate genes underlying heat stress response is important for increasing chickpea productivity.

Fast integration and accumulation of beneficial breeding alleles through an AB-NAMIC strategy in wheat.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is among the most important staple crops for safeguarding the food security of the growing world population. To bridge the gap between genebank diversity and breeding programs, we developed an advanced backcross-nested association mapping plus inter-crossed population (AB-NAMIC) by crossing three popular wheat cultivars as recurrent founders to 20 germplasm lines from a mini core collection. Selective backcrossing combined with selection against undesirable traits and extensive crossing within and between sub-populations created new opportunities to detect unknown genes and increase the frequency of beneficial alleles in the AB-NAMIC population.

Genome-wide identification of sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase genes in maize and their responses to abiotic stresses.

Introduction: Protein kinases play an important role in plants in response to environmental changes through signal transduction. As a large family of protein kinases, sucrose non-fermenting-1 (SNF1)-related kinases (SnRKs) were found and functionally verified in many plants. Nevertheless, little is known about the family of .

Chromosome-length genome assemblies of six legume species provide insights into genome organization, evolution, and agronomic traits for crop improvement.

Introduction: Legume crops are an important source of protein and oil for human health and in fixing atmospheric N for soil enrichment. With an objective to accelerate much-needed genetic analyses and breeding applications, draft genome assemblies were generated in several legume crops; many of them are not high quality because they are mainly based on short reads. However, the superior quality of genome assembly is crucial for a detailed understanding of genomic architecture, genome evolution, and crop improvement.

Whole-genome sequencing based discovery of candidate genes and diagnostic markers for seed weight in groundnut.

Seed weight in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) has direct impact on yield as well as market price because of preference for bold seeds by consumers and industry, thereby making seed-size improvement as one of the most important objectives of groundnut breeding programs globally. Marker-based early generation selection can accelerate the process of breeding for developing large-seeded varieties.

Developing drought-smart, ready-to-grow future crops.

Breeding crop plants with increased yield potential and improved tolerance to stressful environments is critical for global food security. Drought stress (DS) adversely affects agricultural productivity worldwide and is expected to rise in the coming years. Therefore, it is vital to understand the physiological, biochemical, molecular, and ecological mechanisms associated with DS.

Genome-wide association mapping of seed oligosaccharides in chickpea.

Chickpea ( L.) is one of the major pulse crops, rich in protein, and widely consumed all over the world. Most legumes, including chickpeas, possess noticeable amounts of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) in their seeds.