Electroencephalogram criticality in cognitive impairment: a monitoring biomarker?

Unlabelled: Critical states present scale-free dynamics, optimizing neuronal complexity and serving as a potential biomarker in cognitively impaired patients. We explored electroencephalogram (EEG) criticality in amnesic Mild Cognitive Impairment patients with clinical improvement in working memory, verbal memory, verbal fluency and overall executive functions after the completion of a 6-month prospective memory training. We compared "before" and "after" stationary resting-state EEG records of right-handed MCI patients (n = 17; 11 females), using the method of critical fluctuations and Haar wavelet analysis.

Is the Swallow Tail Sign a Useful Imaging Biomarker in Clinical Neurology? A Systematic Review.

Background: Loss of dorsolateral nigral hyperintensity (DNH) in iron-sensitive sequences of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), also described as "swallow tail sign" (STS) loss, has shown promising diagnostic value in Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes (APS).

Objective: To conduct a bibliometric analysis on substantia nigra MRI and a systematic review on the clinical utility of STS visual assessment on Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging in various clinical entities.

Methods: VOSviewer's keyword co-occurrence network was employed using Web of Science (WOS).

Effects of natalizumab on oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Oligoclonal bands (OCBs) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are utilized for diagnosing multiple sclerosis (MS), as they are found in 95% of patients. Additionally, OCBs are linked to disease prognosis. The primary contributors to OCB production are long-lived plasma cells.

Cylindroma of the Breast: Case Report of a Rare Breast Neoplasm.

The majority of breast malignancies are either ductal or lobular tumors. A rare benign neoplasm of adnexal origin, cylindroma of the breast, was first described 23 years ago, and 21 cases have been documented in the literature since then. We report a case of a breast cylindroma on a 62-year-old woman who presented with a nodule first detected by a national mammographic screening program.

Pharmacological Treatments of Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia-An Update.

Schizophrenia is a chronic psychotic disorder comprising positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and cognitive deficits. Negative symptoms are associated with stigma, worse functional outcomes, and a significant deterioration in quality of life. Clinical diagnosis is challenging despite its significance, and current treatments offer little improvement in the burden of negative symptoms.

Two Cases of Testicular Tuberculosis and Review of the Recent Literature.

In this review, two cases of testicular tuberculosis (TB) are presented, and another 58 cases published in PubMed between January 1, 2012, and July 31, 2023, are reviewed. Testicular TB remains a disease mainly of the developing world, with one notable exception - the infections caused as a result of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin infusion immunotherapy for bladder cancer. Its clinical course is subacute; however, it might get disseminated and become life-threatening; therefore, prompt diagnosis is very important.

Left Atrial Compression by an Intramural Hematoma: A Rare Case of Obstructive Shock.

A 3.5 cm diameter descending aorta focal aneurysm was incidentally found when a computed tomography (CT) was conducted due to persistent pyrexia in an 85-year-old woman hospitalized for a non-obstructive urinary tract infection. Ten days later, whilst fever subsided and inflammation markers decreased, she became hypoxic.

infection epidemiology during the COVID-19 pandemic in Greece.

The aim was to highlight the incidence and epidemiology of infections (CDI) in a tertiary Greek hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. A single-center prospective observational cohort study was conducted (October 2021 until April 2022). 125 isolates were cultured from hospitalized patients stool samples and screened by PCR for toxin A (), toxin B (), binary toxin ( and ) genes and the regulating gene of .

Loss of the "swallow tail sign" on susceptibility-weighted imaging in the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Loss of dorsolateral nigral hyperintensity (DNH) on iron-sensitive brain MRI is useful for Parkinson's disease detection. DNH loss could also be of diagnostic value in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), an a-synuclein-related pathology. We aim to quantitatively synthesize evidence, investigating the role of MRI, a first-line imaging modality, in early DLB detection and differentiation from other dementias.

Pan-Genome Plasticity and Virulence Factors: A Natural Treasure Trove for .

is a Gram-negative pathogen responsible for a variety of community- and hospital-acquired infections. It is recognized as a life-threatening pathogen among hospitalized individuals and, in particular, immunocompromised patients in many countries. as a member of the ESKAPE group, encompasses high genomic plasticity and simultaneously is predisposed to receive and exchange the mobile genetic elements (MGEs) through horizontal genetic transfer (HGT).

The Risk of Injury in Wrist Arthroscopy Portals: A Cadaveric Study.

During wrist arthroscopy, the wrist joint can be visualized from almost every perspective through a combination of standard dorsal and volar arthroscopic portals. This cadaveric study aims to compare all wrist portals described in terms of their safety in order to rank them according to the distance from the nearest structure at risk for arthroscopic wrist procedures. Twenty-nine cadaveric formalin-embellished upper limbs were examined.

An expert consensus–based checklist for quality appraisal of educational resources on adult basic life support: a Delphi study.

Objective: Given the lack of a unified tool for appraising the quality of educational resources for lay-rescuer delivery of adult basic life support (BLS), this study aimed to develop an appropriate evaluation checklist based on a consensus of international experts.

Methods: In a two-round Delphi study, participating experts completed questionnaires to rate each item of a predeveloped 72-item checklist indicating agreement that an item should be utilized to evaluate the conformance of an adult BLS educational resource with resuscitation guidelines. Consensus on item inclusion was defined as a rating of ≥7 points from ≥75% of experts.

Infection control measures against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in children and neonates.

The increase in infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units over recent years is alarming. MDR ,  and  have constituted the main causes of the MDR Gram-negative bacteria problem. The implementation of infection control measures such as hand hygiene, cohorting of patients, contact precautions, active surveillance and environmental cleaning could diminish their spread.

Efficacy of antimicrobials or placebo compared to amoxicillin-clavulanate in children with acute otitis media: a systematic review.

Background: Acute otitis media (AOM) is the inflammation of the middle ear. It constitutes one of the most frequent infections which affects children and usually occurs between 6 to 24 months of age. AOM can emerge due to viruses and/or bacteria.

What Are the Short-term Benefits and Potential Harms of Therapeutic Modalities for the Management of Overactive Bladder Syndrome in Women? A Review of Evidence Under the Auspices of the European Association of Urology, Female Non-neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Guidelines Panel.

Context: Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) is highly prevalent among women and has a negative impact on their quality of life. The current available treatments for OAB symptoms include conservative, pharmacological, or surgical modalities.

Objective: To provide an updated contemporary evidence document regarding OAB treatment options and determine the short-term effectiveness, safety, and potential harms of the available treatment modalities for women with OAB syndrome.

Implication of COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of infection in a Greek tertiary hospital.

infection (CDI) represents an important global threat. In the COVID-19 era, the multifactorial nature of CDI has emerged. The aim was to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of CDI in a Greek hospital.

Efficacy and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam compared to other antimicrobials for the treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infections are a significant public health issue. CRKP infections can increase the mortality of severely ill hospitalised patients and elevate the financial burden of their hospitalisation globally. Colistin and tigecycline are the main antimicrobials which have been widely used for the treatment of CRKP infections.

Neurological soft signs and schizophrenia.

Neurological soft signs (NSS) are likely to represent abnormal neurodevelopment and aberration in neural maturation and connectivity. They may not be unique to schizophrenia, but they appear to be a trait characteristic in psychosis and therefore could serve as an objective measure for the assessment of serious psychiatric disorder in the prodromal phase, at onset, and along the course of the disease. Evidence so far proposes that NSS are independent of antipsychotic treatment and therefore constitute a trait symptom, independent of the illness stage and medication.

European Association of Urology-American Society of Clinical Oncology Collaborative Guideline on Penile Cancer: 2023 Update.

Context: Penile cancer is a rare disease but has a significant impact on quality of life. Its incidence is increasing, so it is important to include new and relevant evidence in clinical practice guidelines.

Objective: To provide a collaborative guideline that offers worldwide physician and patient guidance for the management of penile cancer.