Insights into , a Large-sized, Phylogenetically Unique Type Ia Methanotroph with Biotechnological Potential.

The cultivation of microorganisms is important as it provides us an opportunity to explore the characteristics that can be used for a variety of applications. Methanotrophs oxidize methane and are one of the most challenging organisms to culture. In 2018, we cultured one of the largest methanotrophs within the gammaproteobacterial group (Type Ia), a novel genus and species, , with large peculiar, elongated oval (cucumber-shaped) cells (~ 3-6 µm length × 1.

Tributyl phosphate inhibits neurogenesis and motor functions during embryonic development in zebrafish.

Tributyl phosphate (TBP), an organophosphate ester (OPE), is heavily used as a solvent in chemical industries, a plasticizer, and to extract radioactive molecules. Thus, widespread uses of TBP in industrialized countries led to the release of TBP and its metabolites, dibutyl phosphate (DBP) and monobutyl phosphate (MBP), in the environment and were detected in human samples. Accumulating these OPEs over time in humans and aquatic animals may develop toxicological effects.

Identification of resistance sources and genomic regions regulating Septoria tritici blotch resistance in South Asian bread wheat germplasm.

The Septoria tritici blotch (STB) [Zymoseptoria tritici (Desm.)] of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is characterized by its polycyclic and hemibiotrophic nature.

Discovery of : A Novel Fungus Identified Using Genome Sequencing and Metabolomic Analysis.

In this study, a new species of was isolated as an endophyte from the bark of from Mulshi, Maharashtra. The identity of this isolate was confirmed based on the asexual morphological characteristics as well as multi-gene phylogeny based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) nuclear ribosomal RNA (rRNA) regions. As this was the second species to be reported in this genus, we sequenced the genome of this species to increase our knowledge about the possible applicability of this genus to various industries.

Development of erythromycin loaded PLGA nanoparticles for improved drug efficacy and sustained release against bacterial infections and biofilm formation.

Bacterial infections are a common cause of sepsis, often leading to high patient mortality. Such infections are challenging to treat due to bacterial resistance to many existing drugs. Erythromycin (Ery) is a macrolide antibiotic used against bacterial infections with reported resistance.

Exploring intranasal drug delivery via nanocarriers: A promising glioblastoma therapy.

Glioblastoma is one of the most recurring types of glioma, having the highest mortality rate among all other gliomas. Traditionally, the standard course of treatment for glioblastoma involved maximum surgical resection, followed by chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Nanocarriers have recently focused on enhancing the chemotherapeutic administration to the brain to satisfy unmet therapeutic requirements for treating brain-related disorders.

The Genus : Insights on Taxonomy, Diversity and Distribution.

is the third largest rust genus of the order with more than 200 described species. It is an important rust genus that has undergone tremendous taxonomic changes. This genus produces teliospores united into a head on a compound pedicel composed of two to several hyphae with autoecious, macro-, demi- to hemi-, and, more rarely, microcyclic modes of their life cycle which provide it a unique identity and have proved helpful in the identification of the genus.

Strain-Dependent Adhesion Variations of Isolated from Healthy Human Volunteers: A Study on Cell Surface Properties and Potential Probiotic Benefits.

The probiotic potential of is widely recognized, but little is known about its adhesive properties. Hence, this study aims to investigate the adhesion potential and cell surface properties of four human-origin strains (B619/R, B603/Nb, B106, and B637/Nm). We evaluated epithelial adhesion, Extracellular Matrix (ECM) binding, aggregation ability, and cell surface hydrophobicity and used genome analysis for validation.

Role of grass endophytic fungi as a natural resource of bioactive metabolites.

Grass endophytic fungi have garnered increasing attention as a prolific source of bioactive metabolites with potential application across various fields, including pharmaceticals agriculture and industry. This review paper aims to synthesize knowledge on the diversity, isolation, and bioactivity of metabolites produced by grass endophytic fungi. Additionally, this approach aids in the conservation of rare and endangered plant species.

From computational prediction to experimental validation: Hesperidin's anti-Urolithiatic activity in sodium oxalate-induced urolithiasis models in fruit flies and mice.

Kidney stones have been a long-standing health issue, contributing to renal failure, especially in co-morbid patients. There is an increasing interest in exploring natural compounds with anti-urolithiatic properties. Our study utilized in-silico techniques followed by in vivo experiments to evaluate the anti-urolithiatic potential of selected phytoconstituents.

Adipocytes Promote Endometrial Cancer Progression Through Activation of the SIRT1-HMMR Signaling Axis.

Adipocyte is a predominant component of the omental adipose tissue that influences the tumor microenvironment and increases the risk of endometrial cancer progression (EC), however, little is known about the underlying mechanism. In this study, using a co-culture model, we found that the adipocyte-EC cell interaction promoted SIRT1 signaling in vitro and in vivo xenograft mice models. Furthermore, immunostaining of SIRT1 protein showed significantly higher expression of SIRT1 in endometrial cancer patients than in normal endometria.

Novel resistance loci for quantitative resistance to Septoria tritici blotch in Asian wheat (Triticum aestivum) via genome-wide association study.

Background: Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease causes yield losses of up to 50 per cent in susceptible wheat cultivars and can reduce wheat production. In this study, genomic architecture for adult-plant STB resistance in a Septoria Association Mapping Panel (SAMP) having 181 accessions and genomic regions governing STB resistance in a South Asian wheat panel were looked for.

Results: Field experiments during the period from 2019 to 2021 revealed those certain accessions, namely BGD52 (CHIR7/ANB//CHIR1), BGD54 (CHIR7/ANB//CHIR1), IND92 (WH 1218), IND8 (DBW 168), and IND75 (PBW 800), exhibited a high level of resistance.

Enhancement of Cordycepin Production through Liquid Static Fermentation of Caterpillar Medicinal Mushroom Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes).

Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) is a bioactive nucleoside analog synthesized by Cordyceps militaris. Liquid fermentation of C. militaris by addition in different concentrations of five additives singly was evaluated.

Sensing the future: A review on emerging technologies for assessing and monitoring bone health.

Bone health is crucial at all stages of life. Several medical conditions and changes in lifestyle affect the growth, structure, and functions of bones. This may lead to the development of bone degenerative disorders, such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.

An investigation on the cardioprotective potential of lichen compound protocetraric acid by HO-induced toxicity in H9c2 rat heart cells through in vitro and in silico analysis.

Worldwide, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death and require treatment and prevention. Lichens are symbiotic organisms that are known to produce unique secondary metabolites and have been used as folk medicines. The aim of the study is to emphasize the importance of lichens in improving heart health, with the objective of investigating protocetraric acid, a lichen metabolite, for its antioxidant and cardioprotective potential by using in vitro and in silico techniques.

Microplastics and heavy metal contamination along a land-use gradient in a Himalayan foothill river: Prevalence and controlling factors.

The co-occurrence of microplastics (MPs) and heavy metals in aquatic systems has raised significant concerns, yet their relationship in freshwater ecosystems remains poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of MPs and factors controlling their distribution in both water and sediment in the Markanda River, Northwest India. MPs were extracted from sediment and water samples using density separation and classified through fluorescence microscopy and Raman spectroscopy.

Monitoring Autophagy During Drosophila Oogenesis.

Macroautophagy (autophagy hereafter) is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that maintains the health of cells by degrading toxic proteins and damaged organelles within the lysosomes. Tissues like ovary are made up of heterogeneous cell types and each cell type has distinct levels of autophagy. Studying autophagy in a cell-type specific manner helps better understand the role of autophagy during oogenesis.

Endophytic fungi: A future prospect for breast cancer therapeutics and drug development.

Globally, breast cancer is a primary contributor to cancer-related fatalities and illnesses among women. Consequently, there is a pressing need for safe and effective treatments for breast cancer. Bioactive compounds from endophytic fungi that live in symbiosis with medicinal plants have garnered significant interest in pharmaceutical research due to their extensive chemical composition and prospective medicinal attributes.

Advancements in prokaryotic systematics and the role of Bergey's International Society for Microbial Systematicsin addressing challenges in the meta-data era.

Prokaryotes are ubiquitous in the biosphere, important for human health and drive diverse biological and environmental processes. Systematics of prokaryotes, whose origins can be traced to the discovery of microorganisms in the 17th century, has transitioned from a phenotype-based classification to a more comprehensive polyphasic taxonomy and eventually to the current genome-based taxonomic approach. This transition aligns with a foundational shift from studies focused on phenotypic traits that have limited comparative value to those using genome sequences.

GWAS elucidated grain yield genetics in Indian spring wheat under diverse water conditions.

Underpinned natural variations and key genes associated with yield under different water regimes, and identified genomic signatures of genetic gain in the Indian wheat breeding program. A novel KASP marker for TKW under water stress was developed and validated. A comprehensive genome-wide association study was conducted on 300 spring wheat genotypes to elucidate the natural variations associated with grain yield and its eleven contributing traits under fully irrigated, restricted water, and simulated no water conditions.

Appropriate characterization of reservoir properties and investigation of their effect on microbial enhanced oil recovery through simulated laboratory studies.

Appropriate characterization of reservoir properties and investigation of the effect of these properties on microbial metabolism and oil recovery under simulated reservoir conditions can aid in development of a sustainable microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) process. Our present study has unveiled the promising potential of the hyperthermophilic archaeon, identified as Thermococcus petroboostus sp. nov.

Antioxidant and Antifungal Properties of Cinnamon, Cloves, L. and L. Extracts against Isolated from Infected Vegetables in Mauritius.

Background: species, a group of economically destructive phytopathogens, are poorly studied in Mauritius where agriculture holds much significance. Furthermore, the increasing popularity of organic farming has prompted interest in alternatives to chemical fungicides.

Methods: After gaining an overview of prevalence in Mauritius fields through a survey, the pathogen was isolated from infected crops and identified based on morphological and molecular characteristics.