IL-17RA/CTSK axis mediates H. pylori-induced castration-resistant prostate cancer growth.

In this investigation, we explored the molecular dynamics guiding the progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) influenced by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-mediated M2 polarization of macrophages through the IL-17RA/CTSK/EMT axis. An 830-patient clinical trial categorized subjects into hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) and CRPC groups.

Anticancer effects of tanshinone IIA in bladder urothelial carcinoma by down-regulating aurora A, HIF-1α and Bcl-2 both in vitro and in vivo.

The mechanisms of the anticancer effect of Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) on Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC) remain mostly unknown. In this study, BUC T24 cells were treated with Tan IIA at different concentrations and durations. The apoptosis, proliferation and invasion of T24 cells were evaluated using MTT assays, Annexin V-FITC Staining, Hoechst staining and Trans well assay.

Advancements in the mechanisms of Naotai formula in treating stroke: A multi-target strategy.

Stroke represents a significant global health challenge, characterized by high incidence, mortality, disability, and recurrence rates, leading to substantial socioeconomic burdens. Despite advancements in acute management and prevention, effective post-stroke recovery strategies remain limited. Naotai Formula (NTF), a traditional Chinese medicine compound, has garnered attention for its potential in stroke treatment, encompassing both ischemic and hemorrhagic types.

A novel nonsense mutation c.747C>G in the NEUROD1 gene detected within a Chinese family affected by maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 6.

Highlights Maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 6 (MODY6) is a rare form of monogenic diabetes mellitus due to NEUROD1 gene mutation on chromosome 2q32. A 21-year-old woman exhibiting weight loss, polyuria, and hyperglycemia was initially misdiagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Considering the early-onset age, a three-generation family history of diabetes, and negative autoimmune antibodies, a MODY diagnosis was suspected.

Deubiquitinase USP14 is upregulated in Crohn's disease and inhibits the NOD2 pathway mediated inflammatory response .

The nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) protein and its ligand N-acetyl muramyl dipeptide (MDP) are crucially involved in Crohn's disease (CD). However, the mechanism by which NOD2 signaling is regulated in CD patients remains unclear. Ubiquitin specific protease (USP14) is a deubiquitylase that plays an important role in immunity.

Factors affecting the readiness for hospital discharge of initially treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients in China: a phenomenological study.

Background: Despite readiness for hospital discharge widespread popularity since readiness for hospital discharge introduction in 1979 and extensive study, readiness for hospital discharge among pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients has not yet been investigated. Moreover, the factors influencing this process remain unclear.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the factors influencing readiness for hospital discharge in initially treated PTB patients using the capability, opportunity, motivation-behavior (COM-B) model.

Cellular and molecular events in colorectal cancer: biological mechanisms, cell death pathways, drug resistance and signalling network interactions.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, affecting millions each year. It emerges from the colon or rectum, parts of the digestive system, and is closely linked to both genetic and environmental factors. In CRC, genetic mutations such as APC, KRAS, and TP53, along with epigenetic changes like DNA methylation and histone modifications, play crucial roles in tumor development and treatment responses.

[Relationship between serum 1, 5-anhydroglucitol level and insulin resistance, microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus].

To explore the relationship between serum 1, 5-dehydratoglucitol (1, 5-AG) level and insulin resistance, microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The clinical data of 836 patients with T2DM admitted to the Changsha Central Hospital Affiliated to University of South China from May to December 2023 were retrospectively and cross-sectionally analyzed. Serum 1, 5-AG levels were detected by pyranose oxidase method.

The correlation between the need for continuing care services, influencing factors, and social support and discharge readiness among discharged patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in China: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: To understand the relationship between the need for continuing care services and influencing factors, social support, readiness for discharge among discharged pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 170 patients from a database of discharged patients with PTB from September 2023 to January 2024. A demographic and disease characteristics questionnaire, continuing care services basic modality questionnaire, continuing care services need questionnaire, the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS) were used for this investigation.

MicroRNAs regulate the vicious cycle of vascular calcification-osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

Menopause is a normal physiological process accompanied by changes in various physiological states. The incidence of vascular calcification (VC) increases each year after menopause and is closely related to osteoporosis (OP). Although many studies have investigated the links between VC and OP, the interaction mechanism of the two under conditions of estrogen loss remains unclear.

Sexual dimorphism in bladder cancer: a review of etiology, biology, diagnosis, and outcomes.

Bladder carcinoma represents a prevalent malignancy, wherein the influence of sex extends across its incidence, biological attributes, and clinical outcomes. This scholarly exposition meticulously examines pertinent investigations, elucidating the nuanced impact of sex on bladder cancer, and posits cogent avenues for future research and intervention modalities. In the initial discourse, an exhaustive scrutiny is undertaken of the etiological underpinnings of bladder cancer, encompassing variables such as tobacco consumption, occupational exposures, and genetic aberrations.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress is upregulated in inflammatory bowel disease and contributed TLR2 pathway-mediated inflammatory response.

Objective: Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling play an important role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, the link between TLR2 and ERS in IBD is unclear. This study investigated whether Thapsigargin (TG) -induced ER protein expression levels contributed to TLR2-mediated inflammatory response.

Methods: The THP-1 cells were treated with TLR2 agonist (Pam3CSK4), ERS inducer Thapsigargin (TG) or inhibitor (TUDCA).

The novel angiogenesis regulator circFAM169A promotes the metastasis of colorectal cancer through the angiopoietin-2 signaling axis.

Background: Angiogenesis plays an important role in the metastasis of cancers. However, the mechanisms whereby circular RNAs (circRNAs) regulate angiogenesis and affect cancer metastasis are still unclear.

Methods: We used gene set variation and Spearman's correlation analyses to identify novel angiogenesis-related circRNAs, including circFAM169A.

Verification of a clinical decision support system for the diagnosis of headache disorders based on patient-computer interactions: a multi-center study.

Background: Although headache disorders are common, the current diagnostic approach is unsatisfactory. Previously, we designed a guideline-based clinical decision support system (CDSS 1.0) for diagnosing headache disorders.

Recent evaluation about inflammatory mechanisms in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common chronic metabolic liver disorder which is associated with fat accumulation in the liver. It causes a wide range of pathological effects such as insulin resistance, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis, cardiovascular diseases. The molecular mechanisms that cause the initiation and progression of NAFLD remain fully unclear.

Case report: Detection of fetal trisomy 9 mosaicism by multiple genetic testing methods: Report of two cases.

Chromosomal mosaicism remains a perpetual diagnostic and clinical dilemma. In the present study, we detected two prenatal trisomy 9 mosaic syndrome cases by using multiple genetic testing methods. The non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) results suggested trisomy 9 in two fetuses.

LncRNA SNHG7 promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression and cisplatin resistance by inducing autophagic activity.

Background: Cisplatin (DDP) is among the most widely used chemotherapeutic drugs for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet the frequent emergence of chemoresistance serves as a major barrier to the treatment of this tumor type. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been shown to influence the ability of cells to resist particular chemotherapy drugs. The present study was developed to explore the role of the lncRNA SNHG7 as a regulator of NSCLC cell chemosensitivity.

Taohong Siwu Decoction enhances human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells proliferation, migration and osteogenic differentiation via VEGF-FAK signaling in vitro.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Taohong Siwu Decoction (THSWD) is a conventional traditional Chinese prescription aiming at promoting blood circulation and alleviating blood stasis. It is widely prescribed in instances of ischemic strokes, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis and bone fracture. However, its molecular functions in bone formation remain uncharacterized.

The prevalence and clinical features of fibromyalgia in Chinese hospital patients with primary headache: The survey of fibromyalgia comorbid with headache.

Objective: The aims were to explore the prevalence and clinical features of fibromyalgia in Chinese hospital patients with primary headache.

Background: Studies done in non-Chinese populations suggest that around one-third of patients with primary headache have fibromyalgia, but data from mainland China are limited. Investigations into the prevalence and clinical features of fibromyalgia in Chinese patients with primary headache would improve our understanding of these two complex disease areas and help guide future clinical practice.

Glycohemoglobin: A new warning strategy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Study from the NHANES 2017- 2020.

Context: The development and progression of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but there are no studies to demonstrate whether blood glucose levels are associated with the progression of NAFLD.

Objective: Alterations in glucose metabolism may cause hepatic steatosis and inflammatory responses, leading to hepatocyte damage and promoting NAFLD's progression. Since glycohemoglobin reflects current blood glucose levels and is easily detectable, the present study aimed to investigate whether glycohemoglobin is associated with liver stiffness in patients with NAFLD.

Oxymatrine ameliorates myocardial injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis via the Nrf2/HO-1 and JAK/STAT pathways in type 2 diabetic rats.

The necessity of increasing the efficiency of organ preservation has encouraged researchers to explore the mechanisms underlying diabetes-related myocardial injuries. This study intended to evaluate the protective effects of oxymatrine (OMT) in myocardial injury caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus. A model of diabetic rats was established to simulate type 2 diabetes mellitus using an intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of 65 mg/kg streptozotocin with a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet, and diabetic rats were subsequently treated with OMT (60, 120 mg/kg) by gavage for 8 weeks.

Relationship between miRNA and ferroptosis in tumors.

Malignant tumor is a major killer that seriously endangers human health. At present, the methods of treating tumors include surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. However, the survival rate of patients is still very low due to the complicated mechanism of tumor occurrence and development and high recurrence rate.