Factors associated with accelerated parenteral weaning in children with intestinal failure: A descriptive cohort study.

Background: The goal of intestinal rehabilitation in children is to wean from parenteral nutrition (PN). The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with accelerated weaning and to evaluate long-term outcomes of children receiving long-term PN.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of children managed by the Intestinal Rehabilitation Center at Cincinnati Children's Hospital.

Erratum: Burden of disease attributable to high body mass index: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.

Outcomes of ED chest pain visits: the prognostic value of negative but measurable high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) levels.

Background: Chest pain is a common condition in the emergency department (ED). High-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assays are crucial for diagnosing acute coronary syndrome, but the implications of "negative but measurable" hs-cTn levels are not well understood. This study assesses the outcomes of patients with acute chest pain discharged from the ED based on their hs-cTn levels.

Long-Term Quality of Life Among Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Pituitary Gland Surgery.

The endoscopic approach to skull base lesions is widely regarded as less invasive and associated with reduced morbidity, offering favorable outcomes, particularly in terms of short-term quality of life (QOL). However, to date, long-term assessments of both nasal function and tumor-related QOL remain limited. To evaluate patients' long-term nasal- and tumor-related QOL after endoscopic endonasal resection of pituitary tumors and to detect predictors for poor postoperative QOL.

Transformations in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Surgical Practices: A Longitudinal Study of Trends and Predictions.

Introduction: The workload for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) surgery is expected to rise with an increase in life expectancy and a growing population. Surgical modalities for BPH have evolved, shifting toward minimally invasive transurethral procedures. This study aimed to investigate the trends in BPH surgical procedures across medical centers in Israel.

The Effect of Stenting on Post-Stenotic Dilatation in Coarctation of The Aorta.

The effect of stenting of native aortic coarctation (CoA) on post-stenotic dilatation (PSD) has not been previously described. We hypothesized that CoA stenting may lead to positive remodeling of PSD. Retrospective analysis of patients who underwent stent implantation for native CoA from 1999 to 2021 was performed.

Characteristics and clinical outcomes of breast cancer in young BRCA carriers according to tumor histology.

Background: Young women with breast cancer (BC) have an increased chance of carrying germline BRCA pathogenic variants (PVs). Limited data exist on the prognostic impact of tumor histology (i.e.

Global burden of metabolic diseases, 1990-2021.

Background: Common metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), have become a global health burden in the last three decades. The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) data enables the first insights into the trends and burdens of these metabolic diseases from 1990 to 2021, highlighting regional, temporal and differences by sex.

Methods: Global estimates of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and deaths from GBD 2021 were analyzed for common metabolic diseases (T2DM, hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and MASLD).

The effect of long-standing lymphopenia after radiation therapy on survival in rectal cancer.

Background: Lymphopenia and high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio are known negative prognostic factors in rectal cancer. Until recently, however, lymphopenia was regarded as a minor sequela following radiation therapy (RT). The immune system's influence on rectal cancer treatment outcomes led us to evaluate the impact of lymphopenia at various time points, before, during, and following radiotherapy.

Evaluating prompt engineering on GPT-3.5's performance in USMLE-style medical calculations and clinical scenarios generated by GPT-4.

This study was designed to assess how different prompt engineering techniques, specifically direct prompts, Chain of Thought (CoT), and a modified CoT approach, influence the ability of GPT-3.5 to answer clinical and calculation-based medical questions, particularly those styled like the USMLE Step 1 exams. To achieve this, we analyzed the responses of GPT-3.

The admission level of CRP during cardiogenic shock is a strong independent risk marker of mortality.

Inflammatory processes are involved not only in coronary artery disease but also in heart failure (HF). Cardiogenic shock (CS) and septic shock are classically distinct although intricate relationships are frequent in daily practice. The impact of admission inflammation in patients with CS is largely unknown.

Impact of hormone receptor status and tumor subtypes of breast cancer in young BRCA carriers.

Background: Hormone receptor expression is a known positive prognostic and predictive factor in breast cancer; however, limited evidence exists on its prognostic impact on prognosis of young patients harboring a pathogenic variant (PV) in the BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 genes.

Patients And Methods: This international, multicenter, retrospective cohort study included young patients (aged ≤40 years) diagnosed with invasive breast cancer and harboring germline PVs in BRCA genes. We investigated the impact of hormone receptor status on clinical behavior and outcomes of breast cancer.

Pregnancy After Breast Cancer in Young BRCA Carriers: An International Hospital-Based Cohort Study.

Importance: Young women with breast cancer who have germline pathogenic variants in BRCA1 or BRCA2 face unique challenges regarding fertility. Previous studies demonstrating the feasibility and safety of pregnancy in breast cancer survivors included limited data regarding BRCA carriers.

Objective: To investigate cumulative incidence of pregnancy and disease-free survival in young women who are BRCA carriers.

Isoform-resolved transcriptome of the human preimplantation embryo.

Human preimplantation development involves extensive remodeling of RNA expression and splicing. However, its transcriptome has been compiled using short-read sequencing data, which fails to capture most full-length mRNAs. Here, we generate an isoform-resolved transcriptome of early human development by performing long- and short-read RNA sequencing on 73 embryos spanning the zygote to blastocyst stages.

Towards AI-Augmented Clinical Decision-Making: An Examination of ChatGPT's Utility in Acute Ulcerative Colitis Presentations.

This study explores the potential of OpenAI's ChatGPT as a decision support tool for acute ulcerative colitis presentations in the setting of an emergency department. We assessed ChatGPT's performance in determining disease severity using TrueLove and Witts criteria and the necessity of hospitalization for patients with ulcerative colitis, comparing results with those of expert gastroenterologists. Of 20 cases, ChatGPT's assessments were found to be 80% consistent with gastroenterologist evaluations and indicated a high degree of reliability.

Infertility Treatments Resulting in Twin Pregnancy: Does It Increase the Risk for Future Childhood Malignancy.

Controversy exists in the literature regarding the possible association between infertility treatments in singleton pregnancies and long-term risk for childhood malignancy. Data regarding infertility treatments in twins and long-term childhood malignancies are scarce. We sought to investigate whether twins conceived following infertility treatments are at an increased risk for childhood malignancy.

Evaluating the Utility of a Large Language Model in Answering Common Patients' Gastrointestinal Health-Related Questions: Are We There Yet?

Background And Aims: Patients frequently have concerns about their disease and find it challenging to obtain accurate Information. OpenAI's ChatGPT chatbot (ChatGPT) is a new large language model developed to provide answers to a wide range of questions in various fields. Our aim is to evaluate the performance of ChatGPT in answering patients' questions regarding gastrointestinal health.

Chronic Mucosal Inflammation in Pediatric Intestinal Failure Patients-A Unique Phenomenon.

Introduction/objectives: As intestinal failure (IF) management improves and long-term survival rate increases, its physiological complications have become more apparent. The development of chronic intestinal inflammation resembling inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in this population has been reported, but the literature describing it in detail is sparse. The present study was designed to characterize children with IF who developed chronic intestinal inflammation and identify the potential predisposing clinical factors.

Evaluating the use of large language model in identifying top research questions in gastroenterology.

The field of gastroenterology (GI) is constantly evolving. It is essential to pinpoint the most pressing and important research questions. To evaluate the potential of chatGPT for identifying research priorities in GI and provide a starting point for further investigation.