The value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing with different nucleic acid extracting methods of cell-free DNA or whole-cell DNA in the diagnosis of non-neutropenic pulmonary aspergillosis.

Purpose: Metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS) is a novel molecular diagnostic technique. For nucleic acid extraction methods, both whole-cell DNA (wcDNA) and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) are widely applied with the sample of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). We aim to evaluate the clinical value of mNGS with cfDNA and mNGS with wcDNA for the detection of BALF pathogens in non-neutropenic pulmonary aspergillosis.

Acquired immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) associated with inactivated COVID-19 vaccine CoronaVac.

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has affected the whole world. Acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) has been reported after administration of mRNA- or adenoviral vector-based COVID-19 vaccines, including Ad26.COV2-S, BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and ChAdOx1 nCov-19.

[Research Progress on Localization of Pulmonary Nodules].

With the widespread adoption of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) and advancements in computed tomography image resolution, the detection rate of pulmonary nodules, especially smaller ones, has significantly improved. The risk of developing malignant tumors increases with the pulmonary nodule diameter. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) stands out as the preferred surgical method.

The underlying mechanisms of DNA methylation in high salt memory in hypertensive vascular disease.

This study demonstrates the effect and DNA methylation-related mechanisms of a high-salt diet and salt memory-induced hypertension and vasculopathy. Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control (CON) group (n = 6) and a modeling group (n = 24). A 12% NaCl solution (1 mL/100 g) was intragastrically administered for 60 consecutive days for modeling.

Development of a novel mesh model to define a new index "amount of stone" to evaluate calculus and predicting the lithotripsy time.

Objective: Develop a mesh model to define a new "index amount of stone" to evaluate calculus and predict lithotripsy time.

Methods: The stones were divided into target units with diameter of 5 mm by the mesh from x, y and z directions, and the cross-sectional areas between units were calculated as amount of stone as a new index to evaluate calculus. Design a prospective study with 112 cases of percutaneous nephrolithotomy to verify the reliability of this index, and to compare the accuracy of the quantity, volume and maximum diameter of stones in predicting the time of lithotripsy.

Comparison of clinical safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided local lauromacrogol injection versus uterine artery embolization in the treatment of caesarean scar pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to introduce the relatively novel method of ultrasound-guided local lauromacrogol injection (USG-LLI) followed by dilatation and curettage for caesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) and to investigate the clinical safety and efficacy between uterine artery embolization (UAE) and USG-LLI in the treatment of CSP.

Methods: The relevant literature and articles about USG-LLI, UAE and CSP published in eight electronic databases were searched to extract the primary outcomes for the selected articles. Review Manager Software(RevMan) V.

Efficacy of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation for the Treatment of Autism in Children: Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.

Objective: Evidence-based research methods were applied to assess the efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for the treatment of autism in children.

Methods: We searched the Chinese Biomedical Literature, CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases to collect randomised controlled trials on faecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of autism in children. The search included studies published from the creation of the respective database to 5 April 2022.

Identification of adolescent patients with depression via assessment of the niacin skin flushing response.

Background: Depressive disorder (DD) affects approximately 20 % of adolescents worldwide, but it is underdiagnosed due to the lack of objective biomarkers. Niacin skin flushing response (NSFR) is an objective and noninvasive biomarker of adult depression; however, its effectiveness has not been assessed in adolescents.

Methods: This study included 198 adolescents with 50 % healthy controls (HC).

High rate of epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated primary lung cancer in patients with primary breast cancer.

Background: With increased survival in breast cancer, resulting from advances in treatment, patients incur the possibility of subsequent primary malignancies, especially lung cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of CT-detected pulmonary ground-glass nodules and lung cancer following breast cancer diagnosis, the associations between breast cancer and lung cancer, the pathological features of double primary cancer, and the status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in second primary lung cancer.

Methods: Clinical data from more than 9000 individuals who were diagnosed with primary breast cancer at Jiangsu Province Hospital (Jiangsu, China) between January 2008 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.

Platelet-rich plasma regulating the repair of ultraviolet B-induced acute tissue inflammation: adjusting macrophage polarization through the activin receptor-follistatin system.

Ultraviolet B (UVB) is one of the most common exogenous factors in skin aging, especially photoaging. Once a large amount of UVB accumulates within a short period of time, skin tissue can become inflamed. It has also been found in clinics that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can promote wound repair; therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the mechanism by which PRP repairs UVB-induced skin photodamage.

Shared and Distinct Topologically Structural Connectivity Patterns in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Background: Previous neuroimaging studies have described shared and distinct neurobiological mechanisms between autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, little is known about the similarities and differences in topologically structural connectivity patterns between the two disorders.

Methods: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and deterministic tractography were used to construct the brain white matter (WM) structural networks of children and adolescents (age range, 6-16 years); 31 had ASD, 34 had ADHD, and 30 were age- and sex-matched typically developing (TD) individuals.

Posttraumatic growth in Chinese nurses and general public during the COVID-19 outbreak.

COVID-19 as a pandemic disease, till 18 May 2020, has infected more than 84,494 people in China and 4721,051 abroad. While countries around the world concentrate on controlling the pandemic to minimize damage to this country, the positive psychology brought to nurses and general public (GP) by COVID-19 should not be ignored. This study aims to assess post-traumatic growth (PTG) of Chinese nurses and GP during the COVID-19 pandemic.

SIRT5 regulates autophagy and apoptosis in gastric cancer cells.

Objective: Accumulating evidence illustrates that sirtuins (SIRTs) regulate autophagy and apoptosis in cancer cells; however, the role of SIRT5 in gastric cancer (GC) cells remains unknown. In this study, we examined the role of SIRT5 in GC cells.

Methods: We detected SIRT5 protein levels in freshly collected samples from patients with GC.

Relationship between tRNA-derived fragments and human cancers.

tRNA-derived fragments, a class of small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs), have been identified in numerous studies in recent years. tRNA-derived fragments are classified into two main groups, including tRNA halves (tiRNAs) and tRNA-derived small RNA fragments (tRFs), according to different cleavage positions of the precursor or mature tRNAs. Instead of random tRNA degradation debris, a growing body of evidence has shown that tRNA-derived fragments are precise products of specific tRNA modifications and play important roles in biological activities, such as regulating protein translation, affecting gene expression, and altering immune signaling.

Correction to: The data and characteristics of the human milk banks in mainland China.

In the original publication of the article, "Hainan province" in Fig 1 was missed out. The corrected Fig. 1 is given below.

Major depression and small vessel stroke: a Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background And Purpose: Although observational studies have reported a positive association between depression and ischemic stroke, causality remains inconclusive. We aimed to assess the causal relationship of major depressive disorder (MDD) with ischemic stroke, especially with the small vessel stroke (SVS) subtype.

Methods: We used 72 independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with MDD in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) from the Psychiatric Genetics Consortium as instrumental variables.

Rare inherited missense variants of POGZ associate with autism risk and disrupt neuronal development.

Excess de novo likely gene-disruptive and missense variants within dozens of genes have been identified in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental disorders. However, many rare inherited missense variants of these high-risk genes have not been thoroughly evaluated. In this study, we analyzed the rare missense variant burden of POGZ in a large cohort of ASD patients from the Autism Clinical and Genetic Resources in China (ACGC) and further dissected the functional effect of disease-associated missense variants on neuronal development.

The data and characteristics of the human milk banks in mainland China.

Background: Human milk banks (HMB) have been established for over 100 years in North America and Europe. This study aimed to describe and summarize the operation and characteristics of the HMBs in mainland China since the first nonprofit HMB operated in 2013.

Methods: Operation of HMB in mainland China is based on the standards and guidelines of the Human Milk Banking Association of North America and some countries in Europe and was modified to meet the needs and circumstances in China such as donation only in the local HMB by medical staff.

Inherited and multiple de novo mutations in autism/developmental delay risk genes suggest a multifactorial model.

Background: We previously performed targeted sequencing of autism risk genes in probands from the Autism Clinical and Genetic Resources in China (ACGC) (phase I). Here, we expand this analysis to a larger cohort of patients (ACGC phase II) to better understand the prevalence, inheritance, and genotype-phenotype correlations of likely gene-disrupting (LGD) mutations for autism candidate genes originally identified in cohorts of European descent.

Methods: We sequenced 187 autism candidate genes in an additional 784 probands and 85 genes in 599 probands using single-molecule molecular inversion probes.

The Impacts of Peptic Ulcer on Functional Outcomes of Ischemic Stroke.

Background And Purpose: Studies have shown that peptic ulcer increased the risk of ischemic stroke and stroke recurrence. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of peptic ulcer on functional outcomes of ischemic stroke.

Methods: Patients with first-ever ischemic stroke were grouped as with and without history of peptic ulcer.