Pathophysiology of diabetic kidney disease and autophagy: A review.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the main complications of diabetic microangiopathy. The pathogenesis of DKD is very complex, including autophagy, inflammation, oxidative stress. Although a series of treatment intervention have achieved certain results in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy, still cannot reverse the kidney injury of diabetic nephropathy.

The proliferation and angiogenesis in hemangioma-derived endothelial cells is affected by STC2 medicated VEGFR2/Akt/eNOS pathway.

Objective: Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2), a secreted glycoprotein that is involved in the regulation of angiogenesis, was proposed as one of the mechanisms of neovascularization in hemangioma (HA). We aimed to investigate the effect of STC2 on proliferation and angiogenesis in hemangioma-derived endothelial cells.

Methods: The hemangioma samples from HA patients with the median age of six months were surgically collected in the Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University from October 2019 to June 2021, and divided into normal skin tissues (n=10), involuting-phase HAs (n=10) and proliferating-phase HAs (n=10) according to the Mulliken classification.

Misdiagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Combined with Urinary Tuberculosis Leading to Tuberculous Meningitis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Purpose: To explore the lessons learned from the misdiagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) combined with urinary tuberculosis leading to tuberculous meningitis (TBM) and the diagnosis and treatment of TBM through case reports and review of the literature.

Methods: We report a case of an SLE patient presenting with urinary tuberculosis infection misdiagnosed as interstitial cystitis and complex urinary tract infection, who developed neurological infection after a cystocentesis biopsy and was eventually diagnosed with TBM. In addition, all cases of SLE combined with TBM from January 1975 to February 2022 were summarised and reviewed to compare current diagnostic and treatment strategies for the disease.

Safety and efficacy of brivaracetam in children epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases, affecting people of any age. Although the treatments of epilepsy are more and more diverse, the uncertainty regarding efficacy and adverse events still exists, especially in the control of childhood epilepsy.

Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta- analysis following the Cochrane Handbook and preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Six polymorphisms in the lncRNA H19 gene and the risk of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) play an important role in the occurrence and progression of cancer, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in lncRNA are considered to affect cancer suspensibility. Herein, a meta-analysis was carried out to better assess the relationship of H19 polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility.

Methods: A literature search was conducted through using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases to obtain relevant publications before Aug 23, 2022.

Identification of target hub genes and construction of a novel miRNA regulatory network in autism spectrum disorder by integrated analysis.

The incidence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is increasing year by year in children. The aim of the study was to find possible biomarkers for ASD diagnosis as well as examine MicroRNA (miRNA) signatures and crucial pathways. We conducted a two-stage study to explore potential target genes and functional miRNAs.

Astrocytes in Post-Stroke Depression: Roles in Inflammation, Neurotransmission, and Neurotrophin Signaling.

Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a frequent and disabling complication of stroke that affects up to one-third of stroke survivors. The pathophysiology of PSD involves multiple mechanisms, including neurochemical, neuroinflammatory, neurotrophic, and neuroplastic changes. Astrocytes are a type of glial cell that is plentiful and adaptable in the central nervous system.

Ascites-derived CDCP1+ extracellular vesicles subcluster as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.

Introduction: Ovarian cancer (OVCA) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors of the female reproductive system, and its diagnosis is typically accompanied by the production of ascites. Although liquid biopsy has been widely implemented recently, the diagnosis or prognosis of OVCA based on liquid biopsy remains the primary emphasis.

Methods: In this study, using proximity barcoding assay, a technique for analyzing the surface proteins on single extracellular vesicles (EVs).

Novel chimeric antigen receptor T cell-based immunotherapy: a perspective for triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly aggressive and does not express estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone (PR), or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). It has a poor prognosis, and traditional endocrine and anti-HER2 targeted therapies have low efficacy against it. In contrast, surgery, radiotherapy, and/or systemic chemotherapy are relatively effective at controlling TNBC.

The 2023 MANCTRA Acute Biliary Pancreatitis Care Bundle: A Joint Effort Between Human Knowledge and Artificial Intelligence (ChatGPT) to Optimize the Care of Patients With Acute Biliary Pancreatitis in Western Countries.

Objective: To generate an up-to-date bundle to manage acute biliary pancreatitis using an evidence-based, artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted GRADE method.

Background: A care bundle is a set of core elements of care that are distilled from the most solid evidence-based practice guidelines and recommendations.

Methods: The research questions were addressed in this bundle following the PICO criteria.

Mutant p53 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Molecular mechanism of gain‑of‑function and targeting therapy (Review).

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most widespread malignancies worldwide. p53, as a transcription factor, can play its role in tumor suppression by activating the expression of numerous target genes. However, p53 is one of the most commonly mutated genes, which frequently harbors missense mutations.

Sedation with a 1:1 mixture of etomidate and propofol for gastroscopy in hypertensive elderly patients.

We hypothesized that the combined use of etomidate and propofol for endoscopic sedation in elderly hypertensive patients could reduce adverse reactions while providing ideal sedation. To validate our hypothesis, we conducted a prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blinded study. A total of 360 elderly hypertensive patients scheduled for gastroscopy at our hospital were enrolled in the study, of whom 328 completed the trial.

Radiomics-based Machine Learning Methods for Volume Doubling Time Prediction of Pulmonary Ground-glass Nodules With Baseline Chest Computed Tomography.

Purpose: Reliable prediction of volume doubling time (VDT) is essential for the personalized management of pulmonary ground-glass nodules (GGNs). We aimed to determine the optimal VDT prediction method by comparing different machine learning methods only based on the baseline chest computed tomography (CT) images.

Materials And Methods: Seven classical machine learning methods were evaluated in terms of their stability and performance for VDT prediction.

The relationship between aspirin consumption and hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Recent studies have shown that aspirin consumption may reduce the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but their correlation is still not fully understood. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the correlation between aspirin consumption and HCC.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases.

A Lipid Droplet-Specific NIR Fluorescent Probe with a Large Stokes Shift for In Vivo Visualization of Polarity in Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury.

The research on lipid droplets (LDs) has attracted great attention in the field of biomedical science in recent years. LD malfunction is found to be associated with the development of acute kidney injury (AKI). To monitor this biological process and explain related pathological behavior, the development of excellent LD fluorescent probes with a polarity-sensitive character would provide a desirable strategy.

Classification and characterisation of extracellular vesicles-related tuberculosis subgroups and immune cell profiles.

Around the world, tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality. The molecular mechanism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection is still unclear. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in the onset and progression of many disease states and can serve as effective biomarkers or therapeutic targets for the identification and treatment of TB patients.

Global, Regional, and National Epidemiology of Diabetes in Children From 1990 to 2019.

Importance: Diabetes in children is a global epidemic that causes various medical conditions associated with an increased incidence of premature death.

Objective: To investigate the trends in diabetes incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in children, with risk factors for diabetes-associated death, from 1990 to 2019.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a cross-sectional study that used data from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) 2019 in 204 countries and territories.

Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Induces A375 Melanoma Cell Apoptosis Through Overactivation of the Unfolded Protein Response.

Purpose: Melanomas are highly malignant and rapidly develop drug resistance due to dysregulated apoptosis. Therefore, pro-apoptotic agents could be effective for the management of melanoma. Hydrogen sulfide is ubiquitous in the body, and exogenous hydrogen sulfide has been reported to show inhibitory and pro-apoptotic effects on cancer cells.

Identification and prediction of m7G-related Alzheimer's disease subtypes: insights from immune infiltration and machine learning models.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex and progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects older individuals. N7-methylguanosine (m7G) is a common RNA chemical modification that impacts the development of numerous diseases. Thus, our work investigated m7G-related AD subtypes and established a predictive model.

The potential role of GSK-3β signaling pathway for amelioration actions of ketamine on the PTSD rodent model.

Rationale: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex, chronic psychiatric disorder typically triggered by life-threatening events and, as yet, lacks a specialized pharmacological treatment. The potential therapeutic role of ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, in mitigating PTSD has been the subject of investigation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to elucidate alterations in the glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) signaling pathway in response to ketamine intervention, using the single prolonged stress (SPS) model of PTSD at a molecular level.