Identification of immune-related biomarkers in peripheral blood of schizophrenia using bioinformatic methods and machine learning algorithms.

Schizophrenia is a group of severe neurodevelopmental disorders. Identification of peripheral diagnostic biomarkers is an effective approach to improving diagnosis of schizophrenia. In this study, four datasets of schizophrenia patients' blood or serum samples were downloaded from the GEO database and merged and de-batched for the analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WCGNA).

Altered serum levels of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in male chronic schizophrenia patients with tardive dyskinesia.

Objectives: Many research indicate that the tardive dyskinesia (TD) is generally linked with long-term antipsychotic therapy for schizophrenia. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a critical role in the protection of catecholaminergic, dopaminergic, and cholinergic neurons. Thus, we examined the serum GDNF levels in schizophrenia patients with TD (WTD) and without TD (NTD) and compared with healthy controls (HC), respectively.

Altered serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in first-episode drug-naïve and chronic medicated schizophrenia.

There is much evidence of a relationship between alterations in the brain's regional cellular energy metabolism and blood flow in schizophrenic. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a role in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric illnesses. So, we compared serum VEGF levels in drug-naïve first-episode psychotic (FEP) and chronically medicated schizophrenic to examine if a correlation existed between VEGF and psychopathological symptoms.

Effect of treatment on serum glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in bipolar patients.

Objective: Post-mortem studies have demonstrated various glial deficits in different brain areas of patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD). Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a neurotrophic factor from the transforming growth factor beta family which has been implicated in the pathophysiology of BD. This study aimed to determine whether GDNF in serum was abnormal in BD, and how it responded to drug treatment of BD.