Prognostic value of metabolic tumour volume and total lesion glycolysis measured by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of metabolic tumour volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) for small cell lung cancer (SCLC). MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) was used to measure the influence of MTV and TLG on survival.

The Role of Cancer-associated Fibroblasts in Tumorigenesis of Gastric Cancer.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an important cell type present in solid tumor microenvironments, including that of gastric cancer. They play a vital role in the promotion of tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, and cancer progression through paracrine signaling and modulation of the extracellular matrix. However, the exact molecular mechanism underlying the interaction between gastric cancer cells and stromal fibroblasts remains poorly understood.

Inhibition of cell-adhesion protein DPYSL3 promotes metastasis of lung cancer.

Background: Our previous screening study suggested that the cell-adhesions protein Dihydropyrimidinase-like 3 (DPYSL3) was a candidate metastatic lung cancer related molecule. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between DPYSL3 and metastatic lung cancer.

Methods: Stable DPYSL3 knockdown Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells were constructed with a retroviral system.

Oridonin inhibits migration, invasion, adhesion and TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of melanoma cells by inhibiting the activity of PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been reported to play pivotal roles in tumor invasion and metastasis. Inhibition of EMT may exert beneficial effects in regulating metastasis. Oridonin (ORI), an active diterpenoid compound isolated from , was found to be a potent anti-metastatic agent.

The methylation state of gene in pulmonary tuberculosis patients.

Background: Our previous study suggested that the methylation of vitamin D receptor () gene affected its expression and the defense against tuberculosis (TB) infection . In this study, we further investigated the methylation level of gene in pulmonary TB patients.

Methods: The consecutive TB patients who were admitted into our department from January 2013 to January 2015 were recruited.

Down-regulation of KLF5 in cancer-associated fibroblasts inhibit gastric cancer cells progression by CCL5/CCR5 axis.

It was well known that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) were an essential factor in tumor progression. However, the actual mechanism of stromal fibroblasts activation and tumor promoting effects remain unclear. Here, we showed that KLF5 expression was more frequently observed in gastric cancer-associated fibroblasts compared with normal mucosal fibroblasts.

An Update on Circumventing Multidrug Resistance in Cancer by Targeting P-Glycoprotein.

Background: The ultimate emergence of multidrug resistance remains a severe limitation of chemotherapy treatment for patients with cancer. The best-characterized cause of drug resistance involves the overexpression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp), which decreases the intracellular accumulation of chemotherapeutic agents in drug-resistant cancer cells. Thus, Pgp has become an attractive potential target for treating chemotherapy-resistant cancer, but the outcomes of using chemotherapy in combination with Pgp inhibitors in clinical trials to date have been disappointing.

Clinicopathological features of Chinese lung cancer patients with mutation.

Background: () gene was the major causative gene of lung cancer and also the specific treatment target. It is necessary to analyze the genotype and phenotype characters of patients.

Methods: We investigated 1,034 lung cancer patients in this study.

Interaction of MSC with tumor cells.

Tumor development and tumor progression is not only determined by the corresponding tumor cells but also by the tumor microenvironment. This includes an orchestrated network of interacting cell types (e.g.

Conditioned umbilical cord tissue provides a natural three-dimensional storage compartment as in vitro stem cell niche for human mesenchymal stroma/stem cells.

Background: The use of large amounts of human multipotent mesenchymal stroma/stem cells (MSC) for cell therapies represents a desirable property in tissue engineering and banking in the field of regenerative medicine.

Methods And Results: Whereas cryo-storage of umbilical cord (UC) tissue pieces in liquid nitrogen without ingredients was associated with predominant appearance of apoptotic cells after thawing and re-culture, progressive growth of MSC was observed following use of cryo-medium. Moreover, conditioning of UC tissue pieces by initial explant culture and subsequent cryo-storage with cryo-medium accelerated a further MSC culture after thawing.

Link of obesity and gastrointestinal cancer: crossroad of inflammation and oxidative stress.

Obesity incidence has reached pandemic levels, and is accompanied by high incidence and poor prognosis of various types of cancers including gastrointestinal ones. Underlying mechanisms include elevated levels of insulin, IGF-I, and altered adipokine concentration, mainly towards leptin and adiponectin levels. However, it is not yet thoroughly understood.

Elderly male smokers with right lung tumors are viable candidates for KRAS mutation screening.

Genetic aberrations in tumor driver genes provide specific molecular targets for therapeutic intervention, which can greatly improve therapeutic outcomes. Here, we analyzed the mutational frequency of EGFR and KRAS gene, as well as EML4-ALK rearrangement, and summarized the clinicopathological characters of Chinese lung cancer patients. We detected the mutation spectrum of 1033 primary lung cancer patients.

Expression and function of PDGF-α in columnar epithelial cells of age-related cataracts patients.

We studied the expression and function of platelet-derived growth factor A (PDGF-α) in the lens epithelial cells of cataracts patients. Ninety age-related cataracts patients were recruited in our hospital between January 2012 and January 2014. The expression levels of platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) in the anterior capsule of the lens at different degrees of turbidity, and PDGF-α in the aqueous humor were detected.

A meta-analysis of abnormal β-catenin immunohistochemical expression as a prognostic factor in lung cancer: location is more important.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of β-catenin immunohistochemical expression on the prognosis of lung cancer.

Materials And Methods: We searched Pubmed and Embase to identify eligible studies. The enrolled references were between January 1985 and January, 2015, with no lower date limit.

Effects of Sevoflurane on Young Male Adult C57BL/6 Mice Spatial Cognition.

Inhalation anesthetics are reported to affect cognition in both animals and humans. The influence of inhalation anesthetics in learning and memory are contradictory. We therefore investigated the effects of sevoflurane anesthesia with different durations on cognitive performance and the levels of NMDA receptor subunit NR2B, phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) and activated caspase3 in mouse hippocampus.

Mucosolvan serves to optimize perioperative airway management for NSCLC patients in fast track surgery: a randomized placebo controlled study.

Objective: This study is conducted to investigate whether mucosolvan may offer therapy optimization initiatives for airway perioperative management of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in fast track surgery (FTS).

Patients And Methods: The patients in FTS were treated with and without aerosol (90 mg/day) of mucosolvan in combination of intravenous administration of the agent (180 mg/day) for 8 consecutive days. Postoperative complications and length of time of hospital stay were examined in the patients treated with and without mucosolvan.

Clinical application of the fast track surgery model based on preoperative nutritional risk screening in patients with esophageal cancer.

Objectives: To investigate the clinical application of the fast track surgery (FTS) model based on preoperative nutritional risk screening (NRS) in patients with esophageal cancer.

Methods: 180 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent surgery between January 2008 and April 2014 were randomly divided into study and control groups based on matched-pairs. The study group underwent assessment using the NRS 2002 and received treatment before surgery and the control group was treated by the conventional method.

An integrated analysis of the effects of microRNA and mRNA on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is an aggressive type of cancer with poor prognosis and leading to decreased quality of life. The identification of patients at increased risk of esophageal squamous cell cancer may improve current understanding of the role of micro (mi)RNA in tumorigenesis, since the miRNA pattern of these patients may be associated with tumorigenesis. In the present study, the miRNA and mRNA expression profiles of ESCC tissue samples and adjacent normal control tissue samples were obtained from two dependent GEO series.

EGFR L858R mutation is associated with lung adenocarcinoma patients with dominant ground-glass opacity.

Objectives: To retrospectively identify quantitative computed tomographic (CT) features that correlate with the three major driver gene mutations in surgically resected lung adenocarcinomas with dominant ground-glass opacity (GGO) stratified by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC), American Thoracic Society (ATS), and European Respiratory Society (ERS) classification in a Chinese cohort of patients.

Materials And Methods: Surgically resected lung adenocarcinomas from Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital were enrolled. EGFR, KRAS and EML4-ALK mutations were detected by qPCR.

Detection of common deafness mutation by maternal plasma cell-free DNA.

Objectives: The aim is to investigate the use of the ligase detection reaction (LDR) microarray to examine the difference of the single nucleotide between the pregnant woman and the fetus by cell-free DNA in the maternal plasma in congenital deafness.

Materials And Methods: The proband and the couples' venous blood samples and the amniotic fluid/ chorionic villi collected from seven deafness families for prenatal diagnosis were analyzed. The cell-free DNA from maternal plasma was examined to determine if they carried the mutations of GJB2 235delC.

Injury to the endothelial surface layer induces glomerular hyperfiltration rats with early-stage diabetes.

Glomerular endothelial surface layer (ESL) may play a role in the mechanisms of albuminuria in diabetic nephropathy, which lack evidence in vivo. The effects of high glucose on the passage of albumin across the glomerular ESL were analysed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats for 4 weeks. Albuminuria and glomerular mesangial matrix were significantly increased in diabetic rats.

[A cohort study on the outcome of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in elderly patients].

Objective: To investigate the clinical curative effect and outcomes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in elderly patients.

Methods: Fifty-nine elderly patients with MDR-TB were enrolled from Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from January 2007 to January 2010, and 80 younger patients with MDR-TB during the same period served as the control group. Clinical characteristics, outcomes and adverse effects of treatment were reviewed, and the data of the 2 groups were compared using cohort analysis.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in combination with cobalamin injection for postherpetic neuralgia: a single-center randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) with locally injected cobalamin in relieving pain and improving activities of daily living in patients with postherpetic neuralgia.

Design: Ninety patients (≥50 yrs old) with postherpetic neuralgia with a pain score of 4 or greater were randomized to receive TENS and local injections of cobalamin or lidocaine or a combination of cobalamin and lidocaine for 8 wks. Treatment efficacy was assessed on the basis of worst pain severity, global impression of change, activities of daily living, and quality-of-life.

[Test of transient expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase gene transferred to rabbit periodontal ligament cells].

Objective: This article tests a recombinant plasmid pEGFP-iNOS encoding human inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) transient expression in rabbit periodontal ligament cells, and this may contribute to transfer iNOS gene to animal periodontal tissue in vivo.

Methods: Rabbit periodontal ligament cells were transfected with pEGFP-iNOS by means of lipofectamine media methods. Transient transfection were evaluated by fluorescent microscope.

Three-dimensional echocardiography of colour Doppler flow.

Three-dimensional echocardiography of colour Doppler flow developed quickly with the advent of three-dimensional echocardiography. An increasing amount of research has shown that three-dimensional echocardiography of colour Doppler flow is feasible and facilitates measurement of stroke volume and cardiac output, and assessment of heart valve and congenital heart diseases. Although the technique still has some drawbacks that hamper its widespread use, as the technology continues to improve, three-dimensional echocardiography of colour Doppler flow has the potential to serve as a powerful noninvasive clinical tool, aiding physicians in the serial assessment of heart disease and response to intervention.