Heterogeneity in extracellular matrix and immune microenvironment of anterior vaginal wall revealed by single-cell sequencing in women with stress urinary incontinence.

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI), characterized by involuntary urine leakage during increased abdominal pressure, remains poorly understood regarding its pathophysiology and treatment. In this study, we utilized single-cell sequencing to analyze the transcriptomic profiles of different cell types in anterior vaginal wall of SUI patients, aiming to explore the heterogeneity of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and immune microenvironment in SUI pathogenesis. Our results identified eleven cell types, including connective tissue cells, immune cells, and glial cells.

Thoracic Radiotherapy Improves the Survival in Patients With -Mutated Oligo-Organ Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled, Phase III Trial.

Purpose: This multicenter, randomized, phase III clinical trial (Northern Radiation Oncology Group of China-002) focused on patients with oligo-organ metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have epidermal growth factor receptor () mutations. We aimed to investigate whether first-line concurrent thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) and EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), compared with TKIs alone, could achieve better survival.

Materials And Methods: The patients in the TKI plus TRT group received 60 Gy to primary lung tumor and positive regional lymph nodes.

Research progress on prognostic factors of gallbladder carcinoma.

Background: Gallbladder carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the biliary system, and has a poor overall prognosis. Poor prognosis in patients with gallbladder carcinoma is associated with the aggressive nature of the tumor, subtle clinical symptoms, ineffective adjuvant treatment, and lack of reliable biomarkers.

Purpose: Therefore, evaluating the prognostic factors of patients with gallbladder carcinoma can help improve diagnostic and treatment methods, allowing for tailored therapies that could benefit patient survival.

Genetically predicted blood metabolites mediate relationships between gut microbiota and ovarian cancer: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background And Purpose: While there is evidence that gut microbiota (GM) and blood metabolites are associated with ovarian cancer (OC), the precise mechanisms underlying this relationship are still unclear. This study used Mendelian randomization (MR) to elucidate the causal connections between GM, blood metabolite biomarkers, and OC.

Methods: In this study, we leveraged summary data for GM (5,959 individuals with genotype-matched GM), blood metabolites (233 circulating metabolic traits with 136,016 participants), and OC (63,702 participants with 23,564 cases and 40,138 controls) from genome-wide association studies (GWASs).

Understanding how the immune system environment is controlled in high myopia cases.

High myopia (HM) is characterized by a significant extension of the eye axis; it has emerged as a serious global public health issue recently. In addition to causing severe visual impairment, HM is associated with several problems that may compromise an individual's vision. Although genetic and environmental factors in HM have been extensively investigated, increasing evidence implicates the immune system and its microenvironment in its pathogenesis.

Combined influence of physical activity and C-reactive protein to albumin ratio on mortality among older cancer survivors in the United States: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Although a high C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) is believed to increase mortality risk, the association between the physical activity (PA), CAR, and mortality among cancer survivors has not been investigated. This study aimed to examine this association among cancer survivors in the United States.

Methods: This cohort study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2010.

[Experts consensus on standard items of the cohort construction and quality control of temporomandibular joint diseases (2024)].

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases are common clinical conditions. The number of patients with TMJ diseases is large, and the etiology, epidemiology, disease spectrum, and treatment of the disease remain controversial and unknown. To understand and master the current situation of the occurrence, development and prevention of TMJ diseases, as well as to identify the patterns in etiology, incidence, drug sensitivity, and prognosis is crucial for alleviating patients'suffering.

Multi-sequence MRI-based radiomics model to preoperatively predict the WHO/ISUP grade of clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: a two-center study.

Objectives: To develop radiomics models based on multi-sequence MRI from two centers for the preoperative prediction of the WHO/ISUP grade of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC).

Methods: This retrospective study included 334 ccRCC patients from two centers. Significant clinical factors were identified through univariate and multivariate analyses.

Dysfunction of Endothelial Cell-Mediated Intercellular Communication and Metabolic Pathways in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly, but the therapies are not satisfactory. This study aimed to find AMD specific features through the analysis of high-throughput sequencing.

Methods: In this study, we integrated six projects containing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data to perform a comprehensive analysis for AMD samples in the tissues of retina and retinal pigment epithelium/choroid, and in the positions of macula and periphery.

Hydrogel in the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury.

The high prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) poses an important global public health challenge. Current treatment modalities for TBI primarily involve pharmaceutical interventions and surgical procedures; however, the efficacy of these approaches remains limited. In the field of regenerative medicine, hydrogels have garnered significant attention and research efforts.

Aerobic exercise up-regulates Klotho to improve renal fibrosis associated with aging and its mechanism.

Renal fibrosis is a major cause of renal dysfunction and is a common pathological event in almost all forms of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Currently, the pathomechanisms of renal fibrosis are not well understood. However, researchers have demonstrated that aerobic exercise can improve renal fibrosis.

Personalized neoantigen cancer vaccines: current progression, challenges and a bright future.

Tumor neoantigens possess specific immunogenicity and personalized therapeutic vaccines based on neoantigens which have shown promising results in some clinical trials, with broad application prospects. However, the field is developing rapidly and there are currently few relevant review articles. Summarizing and analyzing the status of global personalized neoantigen vaccine clinical trials will provide important data for all stakeholders in drug development.

[EGFR Exon 20 Insertion Mutation: Research Status and New Treatment Strategies].

In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as an improtant oncogenic driver gene, epidermal growth factor receptor exon 20 insertion (EGFR ex20ins) has a unique protein structure and is primarily drug-resistant to traditional EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). In recent years, exploration of targeted therapy for EGFR ex20ins has never stopped. Firstly Mobocertinib and Amivantamab obtained approval from U.

[Prognostic value and imaging features of (18)F-FDG PET-CT in follicular lymphoma with different histopathology grade].

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is highly heterogeneous with different histopathologic grades. Its biological characteristics and clinical management are different. This study retrospectively analyzed (18)F-FDG PET-CT metabolic parameters, clinical features, and their relationship with prognosis in 161 FL patients with different histopathological grades (grade 1-2, grade 3A, grade 3B) at the Shanxi Cancer Hospital.

Automatic segmentation of esophageal cancer, metastatic lymph nodes and their adjacent structures in CTA images based on the UperNet Swin network.

Objective: To create a deep-learning automatic segmentation model for esophageal cancer (EC), metastatic lymph nodes (MLNs) and their adjacent structures using the UperNet Swin network and computed tomography angiography (CTA) images and to improve the effectiveness and precision of EC automatic segmentation and TN stage diagnosis.

Methods: Attention U-Net, UperNet Swin, UNet++ and UNet were used to train the EC segmentation model to automatically segment the EC, esophagus, pericardium, aorta and MLN from CTA images of 182 patients with postoperative pathologically proven EC. The Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), sensitivity, and positive predictive value (PPV) were used to assess their segmentation effectiveness.

Development of a Controllable Intelligent Drug Delivery System for Efficient Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex inflammatory disease of the joints, which is often accompanied by degeneration of articular cartilage and bone erosion, seriously affecting the quality of life and psychological state of patients. RA is difficult to be cured completely, and currently the main purpose of relief is through the use of anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic drugs, hormones, and biological agents. Tofacitib is a new type of small molecule inhibitor, which has a good effect in the treatment of RA.

A transformer-based deep learning model for early prediction of lymph node metastasis in locally advanced gastric cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy using pretreatment CT images.

Background: Early prediction of lymph node status after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) facilitates promptly optimization of treatment strategies. This study aimed to develop and validate a deep learning network (DLN) using baseline computed tomography images to predict lymph node metastasis (LNM) after NAC in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC).

Methods: A total of 1205 LAGC patients were retrospectively recruited from three hospitals between January 2013 and March 2023, constituting a training cohort, an internal validation cohort, and two external validation cohorts.

VMA21: unveiling a novel oncogene that facilitates immune evasion in triple-negative breast cancer through TCIRG1 protein stability regulation.

Background: VMA21 has been shown to be dysregulated in a number of cancers. However, no study has yet explored whether VMA21 is involved in the regulation of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), especially from the level of immune escape.

Methods: The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was accessed to obtain the microarray dataset identified as GSE38959, which was then subjected to an analysis aimed at identifying genes that are differentially expressed (DEGs).