Multi-omics data integration reveals novel genes related to autoimmune hypothyroidism in the brain: A molecular basis for the brain-thyroid axis.

Background: The mechanisms underlying the complex relationship between autoimmune hypothyroidism and neurological disorders remain unclear. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of associations between alternative splicing, transcriptomics, and proteomics data and autoimmune hypothyroidism.

Methods: Splicing-wide association studies (SWAS), proteome-wide association studies (PWAS), and transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) were used to identify genes and proteins that regulate autoimmune hypothyroidism within the brain axis.

Performance of the Benton Judgment of Line Orientation test across patients with different types of dementia.

Background: The Benton Judgment of Line Orientation (JLO) test is one of the most frequently used tests for assessing visuospatial function.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the diagnostic and differential performance of JLO for different types of dementia.

Methods: A total of 258 participants, including 68 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 86 with subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD), 30 with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), 22 with Lewy body dementia (LBD), and 52 cognitively unimpaired (CU) controls, were enrolled from a memory clinic.

Statistical fragility of randomized clinical trials pertaining to femoral neck fractures.

Objective: P values were frequently misused and misinterpreted, the fragility index (FI) has been utilized to evaluate the robustness of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) as a complement to p-values. This study aimed to assess the statistical robustness of RCTs for femoral neck fractures through the utilization of the FI.

Methods: We systematically reviewed PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase database to identify RCTs pertaining to femoral neck fractures published in the top 25 highest-impact orthopaedic journals and 4 high-impact general medical journals from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2022.

Application of the "Plan-Do-Check-Action" plan in improving the pass rate of the "National Medical Licensing Examination".

Background: The National Medical Licensing Examination (NMLE) is the only objective, standardized metric to evaluate whether a medical student possessing the professional knowledge and skills necessary to work as a physician. However, the overall pass rate of NMLE in our hospital in 2021 was much lower than that of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, which was required to be further improved.

Methods: To find the reasons for the unsatisfactory performance in 2021, the quality improvement team (QIT) organized regular face-to-face meetings for in-depth discussion and questionnaire, and analyzed the data by "Plato analysis" and "Brainstorming method".

A pan-cancer analysis of EphA family gene expression and its association with prognosis, tumor microenvironment, and therapeutic targets.

Background: Erythropoietin-producing human hepatocellular (Eph) receptors stand out as the most expansive group of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Accumulating evidence suggests that within this expansive family, the EphA subset is implicated in driving cancer cell progression, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, making it a promising target for anticancer treatment. Nonetheless, the extent of EphA family involvement across diverse cancers, along with its intricate interplay with immunity and the tumor microenvironment (TME), remains to be fully illuminated.

Generation and Characterization of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Carrying An ASXL1 Mutation.

Additional sex combs-like 1 (ASXL1) is an epigenetic modulator frequently mutated in myeloid malignancies, generally associated with poor prognosis. Current models for ASXL1-mutated diseases are mainly based on the complete deletion of Asxl1 or overexpression of C-terminal truncations in mice models. However, these models cannot fully recapitulate the pathogenesis of myeloid malignancies.

Targeting BIRC5 as a therapeutic approach to overcome ASXL1-associated decitabine resistance.

Hypomethylating agents (HMAs) are widely employed in the treatment of myeloid malignancies. However, unresponsive or resistant to HMAs occurs in approximately 50 % of patients. ASXL1, one of the most commonly mutated genes across the full spectrum of myeloid malignancies, has been reported to predict a lower overall response rate to HMAs, suggesting an essential need to develop effective therapeutic strategies for the patients with HMA failure.

Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 3 (STEAP3) is a potential prognostic biomarker in clear cell renal cell carcinoma that correlates with M2 macrophage infiltration and epithelial-mesenchymal.

Background: The six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 3 (STEAP3) is a metalloreductase, which is essential for iron uptake. Existing literature has shown that STEAP3 may perform an important role in the onset and progression of tumors. Nonetheless, a complete pan-cancer investigation of the prognostic significance and immune properties of STEAP3 is currently unavailable.

A three-dimensional renal tumor anatomy and intrarenal relationship nephrometry (ADDD) for robot-assisted partial nephrectomy : 3D-CT based nephrometry for RAPN.

Objective: To develop a 3D scoring system of tumor anatomy and intrarenal relationship for assessing surgical complexity and outcomes of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN).

Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients with a renal tumor who had a 3D model and underwent RAPN between Mar 2019 and Mar 2022. The ADDD nephrometry consisted of the contact surface area between tumor and parenchyma (A), the depth of tumor invasion into the renal parenchyma (D), the distance from tumor to the main intrarenal artery (D), and to the collecting system (D).

Letter to the Editor: clinical utility of urine DNA for noninvasive detection and minimal residual disease monitoring in urothelial carcinoma.

Current methods for the early detection and minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring of urothelial carcinoma (UC) are invasive and/or possess suboptimal sensitivity. We developed an efficient workflow named urine tumor DNA multidimensional bioinformatic predictor (utLIFE). Using UC-specific mutations and large copy number variations, the utLIFE-UC model was developed on a bladder cancer cohort (n = 150) and validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) bladder cancer cohort (n = 674) and an upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) cohort (n = 22).

The miR-106b-25 cluster mediates drug resistance in myeloid leukaemias by inactivating multiple apoptotic genes.

Drug resistance is a major obstacle to the successful treatment of cancer. The role of the miR-106b-25 cluster in drug resistance of haematologic malignancies has not yet been elucidated. Here, we show that the miR-106b-25 cluster mediates resistance to therapeutic agents with structural and mechanistic dissimilarity in vitro and in vivo.

Remodeled CD146CD271 Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Patients with Polycythemia Vera Exhibit Altered Hematopoietic Supportive Activity.

An essential component of the hematopoietic microenvironment, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) play an important role in the homeostasis and pathogenesis of the hematopoietic system by regulating the fate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Previous studies revealed that BM-MSCs were functionally remodeled by malignant cells in leukemia. However, the alterations in BM-MSCs in polycythemia vera (PV) and their effects on HSCs still need to be elucidated.

Efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine Qirui Weishu capsule in treating chronic non-atrophic gastritis: A multicentre, double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: QiruiWeishu capsule is an herbal preparation from a herbal formula prescribed by an experienced doctor at Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. It has been used clinically for more than 30 years. Abdominal pain, distension, and nausea are common symptoms of chronic non-atrophic gastritis with erosion dampness and heat stasis syndrome, and this herbal medicine has been used to treat them.

[Changes in the structure of intestinal mucosal flora in colorectal cancer patients].

Objective: To investigate the changes in bacterial flora in fecal samples, at the tumor loci and in adjacent mucosa in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: We collected fecal samples from 13 patients with CRC and 20 healthy individuals and tumor and adjacent mucosa samples from 6 CRC patients. The differences in bacterial composition between the fecal and mucosa samples were analyzed with 16S rDNA sequencing and bioinformatics methods.

Combination of CT/MRI LI-RADS with CEUS can improve the diagnostic performance for HCCs.

Background & Aims: To compare the classifications for focal liver lesions smaller than 3 cm by the CEUS and CT/MRI LI-RADS and explore the discrepancy between the two classifications strategies.

Methods: Focal liver lesions with a size smaller than 3 cm undergoing CEUS and CT/MRI (MR required on a 3.0 T magnet) within 1 month were enrolled.

A novel 4-mRNA signature predicts the overall survival in acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive cancer of myeloid cells with high levels of heterogeneity and great variability in prognostic behaviors. Cytogenetic abnormalities and genetic mutations have been widely used in the prognostic stratification of AML to assign patients into different risk categories. Nevertheless, nearly half of AML patients assigned to intermediate risk need more precise prognostic schemes.

Reducing hyperactivated BAP1 attenuates mutant ASXL1-driven myeloid malignancies in human haematopoietic cells.

Additional sex combs-like 1 (ASXL1) is frequently mutated in a variety of myeloid malignancies, resulting in expression of a C-terminal-truncated ASXL1 protein that confers gain of function on the ASXL1-BAP1 deubiquitinase (DUB) complex. Several studies have reported that hyperactivity of BRCA-1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) in deubiquitinating mono-ubiquitinated histone H2AK119 is one of the critical molecular mechanisms in ASXL1 mutation-driven myeloid malignancies in mice. In this study, we found that human haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) overexpressing truncated ASXL1 (ASXL1) developed an MDS-like phenotype similar to that induced by overexpression of BAP1.

A thermochromic tissue-mimicking phantom model for verification of ablation plans in thermal ablation.

Background: Our study aims to develop a novel tissue-mimicking thermochromic with tumor model for visualization of thermal ablation and verification of ablation plans.

Methods: Polyacrylamide gel was mixed with thermochromic ink to produce a phantom model. A phantom model embedded in a tumor model was constructed and used to evaluate the ablation procedure.

A prognostic nomogram incorporating red cell distribution width for patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common subtype of stroke with higher mortality and morbidity, and it lacks effective prognostic markers. The aim of this research is to construct newly valuable prognostic nomogram incorporating red blood cell distribution width (RDW) for ICH patients.We retrospectively analyzed 953 adult patients with ICH.

RESCUE-AF in Patients Undergoing Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: The RESCUE-AF Trial.

Background: Although contact force (CF)–sensing catheters improve procedural effectiveness and safety of atrial fibrillation ablation, recent reports documented a higher incidence of atrioesophageal fistula formation relative to ablation with non–CF-sensing catheters.The present study was to assess whether restricting CF to <20 g reduced risk for esophageal injury (EI) in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing circumferential pulmonary vein isolation.

Methods: This prospective, single-center, randomized study enrolled 89 consecutive patients (mean age, 57.

The status and characteristics of urinary stone composition in China.

Objectives: To explore characteristics of urinary stone composition in China, and determine the effects of gender, age, body mass index (BMI), stone location, and geographical region on stone composition.

Patients And Methods: We prospectively used Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to analyse stones from consecutive patients presenting with new-onset urolithiasis at 46 hospitals in seven geographical areas of China, between 1 June 2010 and 31 May 2015. Chi-squared tests and logistic regression analyses were used to determine associations between stone composition and gender, age, BMI, stone location, and geographical region.

Efficacy and Safety of Serenoa repens Extract Among Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in China: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Serenoa repens among patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (lower urinary tract symptoms/benign prostatic hyperplasia [LUTS/BPH]) in China.

Methods: We conducted a double blind, placebo-controlled study of 354 patients with LUTS/BPH from 19 institutions, to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Serenoa repens. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) into the Serenoa repens extract (320 mg) or placebo groups for 24 weeks.