Increased CSF-decorin predicts brain pathological changes driven by Alzheimer's Aβ amyloidosis.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers play an important role in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD) which is characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) amyloidosis. Here, we used two App knock-in mouse models, App and App, exhibiting AD-like Aβ pathology to analyze how the brain pathologies translate to CSF proteomes by label-free mass spectrometry (MS). This identified several extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins as significantly altered in App knock-in mice.

Computer-aided quantitative MSCT measurements may be useful for congenital lung malformations surgical approach selection.

Purpose: To examine the association between the MSCT quantitative measurements of congenital lung malformations (CLM) and the selection of surgical approaches (lobectomy vs. lung-sparing surgery).

Methods: This retrospective study evaluated CLM surgical cases at our institution from 2016 to 2018.

Effect of New Model-Based Iterative Reconstruction on Quantitative Analysis of Airway Tree by Computer-Aided Detection Software in Chest Computed Tomography.

Objective: Compared the performance of computer-aided detection (CAD) software for quantitative analysis of airway using computed tomography (CT) images reconstructed with versions of model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) that either balances spatial and density resolution (MBIRSTND) or prefers spatial resolution (MBIRRP20), and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) with lung kernel.

Methods: Thirty patients were included who were scanned for pulmonary disease using a routine dose multidetector CT system. Data were reconstructed with ASIR, MBIRSTND, and MBIRRP20.

Influence of virtual monochromatic spectral image at different energy levels on motion artifact correction in dual-energy spectral coronary CT angiography.

Purpose: To investigate the influence of virtual monochromatic spectral (VMS) CT images at different energy levels on the effectiveness of a motion correction technique (SSF) in dual-energy Spectral coronary CT angiography (CCTA).

Materials And Methods: 29 cases suspected of or diagnosed with coronary artery disease underwent Spectral CCTA using a prospective ECG triggering with 250 ms padding time. SSF was applied to the determined least-motion phase to generate 6 additional sets of VMS images with energy levels from 40 to 100 keV.

Association between rs20417 polymorphism in cyclooxygenase-2 and gastric cancer susceptibility: Evidence from15 case-control studies.

Objective: Previous studies have reported an association between cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) polymorphism and gastric cancer (GC) susceptibility, but their results are controversial. This meta-analysis was intended to evaluate the relationship between the COX-2 rs20417 polymorphism and GC susceptibility in different ethnic groups.

Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Knowledge, and the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) for relevant case-control studies published up to October 6, 2018, which reported an association between the COX-2 rs20417 polymorphism and gastric cancer risk.

Comparison of Nongated Chest CT and Dedicated Calcium Scoring CT for Coronary Calcium Quantification Using a 256-Dector Row CT Scanner.

Background: Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a marker of atherosclerosis and an independent risk factor for cardiac-related mortality and frequently detected on noncontrast chest CT. We aimed to investigate the reliability and accuracy of determining CAC using noncontrast, nongated chest CT with 256-detector row.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1318 patients for chest examination were enrolled to undergo both nongated chest CT and dedicated calcium-scoring CT (CSCT) on a 256-detector row CT scanner.

The Application of a New Model-Based Iterative Reconstruction in Low-Dose Upper Abdominal CT.

Rationale And Objectives: To compare upper abdominal computed tomography (CT) image quality of new model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) with low-contrast resolution preference (MBIR), conventional MBIR (MBIR), and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) at low dose with ASIR at routine-dose.

Materials And Methods: Study included phantom and 60 patients who had initial and follow-up CT scans. For patients, the delay phase was acquired at routine-dose (noise index = 10 HU) for the initial scan and low dose (noise index = 20 HU) for the follow-up.

The Value of 16-cm Wide-Detector Computed Tomography in Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography for Patients With High Heart Rate Variability.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate radiation dose and image quality of coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography (CCTA) for patients with high heart rate variability (HRv) using 16-cm wide-detector CT scanner.

Methods: One hundred sixty-six patients with uncontrolled heart rate underwent CCTA on a 16-cm wide-detector CT system and were divided into 2 groups based on their HRv for analysis: group A (n = 95, HRv ≤10 beats/min [bpm]) and group B (n = 71, HRv >10 bpm). Images in both groups were reconstructed with motion correction algorithm.

Quantitative Analysis of Airway Tree in Low-dose Chest CT with a New Model-based Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm: Comparison to Adaptive Statistical Iterative Reconstruction in Routine-dose CT.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate a new model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIRn) algorithm either with spatial resolution and noise reduction balance (MBIR) or spatial resolution preference (MBIR) for quantitative analysis of airway in low-dose chest computed tomography (CT) with a computer-aided detection (CAD) software, in comparison to adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) in routine-dose CT.

Methods: Thirty patients who underwent both the routine-dose (noise index [NI] = 14 HU) and low-dose (at 30% level with NI = 28 HU) CT examination for pulmonary disease were included. Image acquisition was performed with 120 kVp tube voltage and automatic tube current modulation.

Triple-rule-out CT angiography using two axial scans with 16 cm wide-detector for radiation dose reduction.

Objective: To explore the use of two consecutive axial scans in triple-rule-out (TRO) examination on a 16 cm wide-detector CT for radiation dose reduction.

Materials And Methods: Sixty TRO patients were assigned to either study group (Group A, n = 30) or control group (Group B, n = 30). Group A used a two-phasic contrast injection: 25mgI/kg/s for 12 s in 1st and at 3.

Sex-related differences in bronchial parameters and pulmonary function test results in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease based on three-dimensional quantitative computed tomography.

Objective This study was performed to evaluate the effect of sex on bronchial parameters and the predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s expressed as a percentage of the forced vital capacity (FEV1% pred) on pulmonary function testing. Methods The data of 359 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with available FEV1% pred and computed tomography (CT) images were retrospectively reviewed. FACT-Digital lung TM software (DeXin, Xi'an, China) was used to perform fully automated three-dimensional CT quantitative measurements of the bronchi.

Downregulation of microRNA-27b-3p enhances tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer by increasing NR5A2 and CREB1 expression.

Estrogen-dependent breast cancer is often treated with the aromatase inhibitors or estrogen receptor (ER) antagonists. Tamoxifen as a major ER antagonist is usually used to treat those patients with ERα-positive breast cancer. However, a majority of patients with ERα positive fail to respond to tamoxifen due to the presence of intrinsic or acquired resistance to the drug.

Curcumin inhibits lung cancer cell migration and invasion through Rac1-dependent signaling pathway.

Curcumin, a natural and crystalline compound isolated from the plant Curcuma longa with low toxicity in normal cells, has been shown to protect against carcinogenesis and prevent tumor development. However, little is known about antimetastasis effects and mechanism of curcumin in lung cancer. Rac1 is an important small Rho GTPases family protein and has been widely implicated in cytoskeleton rearrangements and cancer cell migration, invasion and metastasis.