Adenosine 5'-monophosphate-induced hypothermia inhibits the activation of ERK1/2, JNK, p38 and NF-κB in endotoxemic rats.

Many studies have shown that LPS mainly activates four signal transduction pathways to induce inflammation, namely the p38, ERK1/2, JNK and IKK/NF-κB pathways. Studies have demonstrated that 5'-AMP-induced hypothermia (AIH) exhibits high anti-inflammatory capabilities. In this study, we explore that how AIH inhibits the inflammatory response.

Transdermal delivery of 10,11-methylenedioxycamptothecin by hyaluronic acid based nanoemulsion for inhibition of keloid fibroblast.

This study designs an alternative transdermal delivery system for 10,11-methylenedioxycamptothecin(MD-CPT) to inhibit keloid. Hyaluronic acid nanoemulsions (HANs) with nano size, negative charge and good stability were prepared as transdermal carriers. The MD-CPT loaded HANs performed desirable skin permeable capacity across human keloid skin and the drug was transferred directly to keloid lesion area.

Blocking TRAIL-DR5 signaling with soluble DR5 alleviates acute kidney injury in a severely burned mouse model.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) predicts high mortality in severely burned patients. Apoptosis plays a significant role during AKI; however, the apoptotic mechanisms underlying AKI induced by burn injury are not clear. Here, we report a critical role for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-Death receptor 5 (DR5) signaling in the pathogenesis of AKI.

Chuanhu anti-gout mixture versus colchicine for acute gouty arthritis: a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, non-inferiority trial.

Background: The Chuanhu anti-gout mixture has been used for many years in the treatment of gout in Chinese Traditional Medicine, and current methods for treatments for acute gouty arthritis have been either less effective or have had serious side effects.

Methods: In this 12-week, double-blind, double-dummy, non-inferiority study, outpatient individuals with newly diagnosed acute gouty arthritis were randomly assigned to receive Chuanhu anti-gout mixture or colchicine. Both the study investigators and the participants were masked to the treatment assignments.

Mutation analysis and audiologic assessment in six Chinese children with primary distal renal tubular acidosis.

The objective of this study is to identify ATP6V1B1, ATP6V0A4 and SLC4A1 genes mutations and assess audiologic characteristics in six Chinese children with primary distal renal tubular acidosis from four unrelated families between the ages of 2 and 13 years. Both ATP6V0A4 and ATP6V1B1 genes were preferentially screened in all index cases by direct sequence analysis. If inconclusive then SLC4A1 gene should be analyzed for mutation.

Expression of Ki-67, Bax and p73 in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCC) is defined as a cholangiocarcinoma located in the bifurcation of the right and left bile duct, constituting 40%-60% of all reported cholangiocarcinoma and 58%-75% of the extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. In this study, we aim to investigate the expression of Ki-67, Bax and p73 in the patients with HCC, and identify their potential roles in the prognosis of HCC.

Objective: Thirty five HCC patients (male: 25, female: 10) with an average age of 62.

Fibroblasts weaken the anti-tumor effect of gefitinib on co-cultured non-small cell lung cancer cells.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common lung malignancy worldwide. The metastatic potential of NSCLC cells has been shown to be associated with the tumor microenvironment, which consists of tumor cells, stroma, blood vessels, immune infiltrates and the extracellular matrix. Fibroblasts can produce numerous extracellular matrix molecules and growth factors.

Plasma nesfatin-1 level in obese patients after acupuncture: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Nesfatin-1 is an anorexigenic hormone suggested to regulate obesity.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between nesfatin-1 level and anthropometric and metabolic parameters in obese patients, and examine the change in plasma nesfatin-1 level after acupuncture treatment.

Methods: 64 obese adult patients without diabetes and 58 normal weight control subjects were enrolled in this study.

Protective effects of combined intervention with adenovirus vector mediated IL-10 and IGF-1 genes on endogenous islet β cells in nonobese diabetes mice with onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To investigate the protective effects of combined intervention with adenovirus vector mediated interleukin 10 (IL-10) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) genes on islet β cells in nonobese diabetes (NOD) mice with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) at early stage.

Methods: Twenty-four female NOD mice at onset of diabetes and aged 17-20 weeks old were randomly divided into four groups. Mouse 1, 2 and 3 groups were intraperitoneally injected 0.

FOXM1 mediates resistance to docetaxel in gastric cancer via up-regulating Stathmin.

Docetaxel is commonly used as an effective chemotherapeutic drug for gastric cancer patients recently. With the increasing emergence of docetaxel resistance nowadays, identification of suitable biomarkers for predicting chemosensitivity to docetaxel may be a key role for improving therapeutic effects for gastric cancer patients. In this study, we investigated the correlation between the expression of transcription factor forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) and chemotherapy response to docetaxel in gastric cancer, the possible mechanism for which was further explored.

Differentially expressed genes and signalling pathways are involved in mouse osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells exposed to 17-β estradiol.

Oestrogen is essential for maintaining bone mass, and it has been demonstrated to induce osteoblast proliferation and bone formation. In this study, complementary DNA (cDNA) microarrays were used to identify and study the expression of novel genes that may be involved in MC3T3-E1 cells' response to 17-β estradiol. MC3T3-E1 cells were inoculated in minimum essential media alpha (α-MEM) cell culture supplemented with 17-β estradiol at different concentrations and for different time periods.

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor: a case report and review of the literature.

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor is a rare malignant tumor that has a poor prognosis. It affects predominantly young males. In the current report, a 14-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital for evaluation of abdominal distension, and abdominal pain.

Transport mechanism of doxorubicin loaded chitosan based nanogels across intestinal epithelium.

Chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan nanogels (CS/CMCS-NGs) could enhance the oral bioavailability of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX). To identify the mechanisms that support this recent observation, different transport pathways of CS/CMCS-NGs through the small intestine were studied in this work. Transcellular mechanisms were investigated in the presence of different inhibitors of protein-mediated endocytosis.

Circulating microRNA expressions in colorectal cancer as predictors of response to chemotherapy.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer and the third leading cause of cancer death in the Western world. Chemotherapy has been shown to improve outcomes in patients with CRC; however, only selected patients would benefit from this treatment. We aimed to identify predictors of response to chemotherapy in CRC using circulating microRNAs (miRNAs).

Bone morphogenetic protein-7 ameliorates cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury via inhibiting oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis.

Previous studies have indicated that bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) is neuroprotective against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. The present study was undertaken to determine the molecular mechanisms involved in this effect. Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to 2 h of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), followed by 24 h of reperfusion.

[Impact of serum α-fetoprotein level on short-term recurrence after R0 resection in primary hepatocellular carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the impact of serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) level on survival and short-term recurrence after R0 resection in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: The clinical data of 582 cases of primary HCC underwent R0 resection from January 1997 to December 2009 was analyzed retrospectively. There were 488 male and 94 female patients whose average age was 51 years (ranging from 31 to 73 years).

[Effects of preoperative oral carbohydrate on postoperative insulin resistance in radical gastrectomy patients].

Objective: To investigate the effects and mechanism of postoperative insulin resistance in gastrectomy patients with preoperative oral carbohydrate.

Methods: From April to October 2011, 60 consecutive gastric cancer patients met inclusion criteria were divided into oral carbohydrate group and placebo group by randomized double-blind principles. Resting energy expenditure (REE), fasting blood glucose, insulin and triglyceride level were detected in 4 hours preoperatively.

Fluorescein-labeled "arch-like" DNA probes for electrochemical detection of DNA on gold nanoparticle-modified gold electrodes.

In the present study, a gold nanoparticle-modified gold electrode (nanogold electrode) was used to develop a novel fluorescein electrochemical DNA biosensor based on a target-induced conformational change. The nanogold electrode was obtained by electrodepositing gold nanoparticles onto a bare gold electrode. This modification not only immobilized probe oligonucleotides, but also adsorbed fluorescein onto the surface of the gold nanoparticles to form an "arch-like" structure.

Clinical significance and positive correlation of FoxM1 and Her-2 expression in gastric cancer.

The transcription factor forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1) and tyrosine kinase receptor Her-2, aberrantly expressing in various kinds of human malignancies, are closely related to the development of cancer. However, the correlation of them is still little explored, especially in gastric cancer. In current study, we examined FoxM1 and Her-2 levels in gastric cancers, and the clinical significance and association of them were further explored.

Isolation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells using density gradient centrifugation and adherence screening methods.

Aim: Under special conditions, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can differentiate into osteoblasts and chondroblasts. However, MSCs are few in bone marrow. How to harvest, purify and rapidly proliferate in vitro is a foundation of application in tissue engineering technique.

Doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyocytes by NF-κB dependent PUMA upregulation.

Objective: The cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin limits its clinical use in the treatment of a variety of solid tumors and malignant hematologic disease. Although the mechanism by which it causes cardiac injury is not yet known, apoptosis has been regarded as one of mechanisms underlying the cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin. In the present study, we investigates the mechanisms of doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyocytes by NF-κB dependent PUMA upregulation.

Forkhead box transcription factor 1 expression in gastric cancer: FOXM1 is a poor prognostic factor and mediates resistance to docetaxel.

Background: Forkhead box transcription factor 1 (FOXM1) has been reported to overexpress and correlate with pathogenesis in a variety of human malignancies. However, little research has been done to investigate its clinical significance in gastric cancer.

Methods: We examined the expression of FOXM1 in 103 postoperational gastric cancer tissues and 5 gastric cell lines by immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis respectively.

Overexpressed transcription factor FOXM1 is a potential diagnostic and adverse prognostic factor in postoperational gastric cancer patients.

Purpose: In the present study, we intend to detect the expression of Forkhead box transcription (FOXM1) in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines, and analyze the correlation between FOXM1 expression and clinic-pathological features as well as their association with clinic outcomes in patients with resectable gastric cancers.

Methods: We examined the expression of FOXM1 in 103 cancer tissues from patients who underwent gastrectomy during Jan 2007 to Nov 2007 and 68 randomly selected para-cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry. The expression of FOXM1 protein in the benign and malignant human gastric cell lines was simultaneously detected using Western blot analysis.

Role of CIP4 in high glucose induced epithelial--mesenchymal transition of rat peritoneal mesothelial cells.

Background: Peritoneal mesothelial cell (PMC) plays a key role in the process of peritoneal fibrosis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of PMCs is an important mechanism of peritoneal fibrosis. Prolonged exposure to peritoneal dialysis fluid containing a high concentration of glucose may lead to EMT of PMCs.

Connexin-43 can delay early recurrence and metastasis in patients with hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma and low serum alpha-fetoprotein after radical hepatectomy.

Background: We studied the relationships among Cx43, CD105, and VEGF in specimens of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with different serum AFP levels with respect to recurrence and metastasis.

Methods: Expressions of Cx43, CD105, and VEGF in 234 HCC tissue specimens were examined using tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry. Cx43 mRNA expression was examined in 38 frozen HCC specimens using RT-PCR.