Analysis of factors influencing bronchiectasis patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and development of a nomogram prediction model.

Background: To identify the risk factors for bronchiectasis patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (APTB) and to develop a predictive nomogram model for estimating the risk of APTB in bronchiectasis patients.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 16,750 bronchiectasis patients hospitalized at the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University between January 2019 and December 2023. The 390 patients with APTB were classified as the case group, while 818 patients were randomly sampled by computer at a 1:20 ratio from the 16,360 patients with other infections to serve as the control group.

Prognostic significance of fibrinogen levels in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: unveiling a nonlinear relationship and clinical implications.

Background: Fibrinogen plays a pivotal role in the inflammatory cascade and is intricately linked to the pathogenesis of sepsis. Nevertheless, its significance as a prognostic marker for sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the association between fibrinogen levels and 28-day mortality with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury.

Short-term incremental prednisone therapy in patients with serologically active clinically quiescent lupus nephritis: a retrospective observational study.

Objective: This study investigated whether short-term incremental prednisone therapy decreases the risk of relapse without increasing adverse events (AEs) in patients with serologically active, clinically quiescent lupus nephritis (LN).

Methods: After standardized treatment, 153 patients with serologically active, clinically quiescent LN were included. Clinical data were retrospectively reviewed.

Unraveling the role of gut microbiota and immune cells in thyroid cancer and tumor drug resistance.

The gut microbiota (GM) and immune cells (IC) are increasingly recognized as key players in cancer development and progression. This study aimed to explore the potential mediating role of IC in the causal relationship between GM and thyroid cancer (TC) using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) encompassing 473 GM species, 731 IC types, and TC were utilized.

Perianal leiomyosarcoma as a rare sequela of rectal cancer radiotherapy: a case report.

Radiation-induced sarcomas (RIS) are iatrogenic malignancies that arise following high-dose radiotherapy, posing a significant clinical challenge due to their poor prognosis and resistance to conventional treatments. The incidence of RIS is increasing with advancements in radiotherapy techniques. This report presents a case of a 71-year-old male diagnosed with stage III rectal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and curative surgery.

Aloperine Attenuates UVB-induced Damage in Skin Fibroblasts via Activating TFE3/Beclin-1-Mediated Autophagy.

Background: Aloperine (ALO) is an important active ingredient in the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Sophora alopecuroides L and has a significant autophagy-stimulating effect. The effect of ALO on cytotoxicity caused by UVB radiation in skin fibroblasts and the potential mechanism remains unclear.

Objective: The present study aimed to assess the effect of ALO on UVB-induced damage in skin fibroblasts and investigate its possible mechanism.

The relationship between HBV antigens deposition in kidneys and renal prognosis in IgA nephropathy patients infected with HBV.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a risk factor for the progression of immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy. The effect of HBV antigens deposition in kidneys and treatment influencing HBV deposition requires further investigation.

Methods: We analyzed 198 patients with IgAN, including 99 patients with HBV infection and 99 propensity score-matched patients without HBV infection.

Pyroptosis mediated by Parkin-NLRP3 negative feedback loop contributed to Parkinson's disease induced by rotenone.

Rotenone remains an efficient pesticide used extensively in agriculture, leading to neurotoxicity and the increase of the prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous studies indicated that Parkin, a neurohomeostasis regulatory factor, and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), a core factor driving the inflammatory response, interacted with each other, which affected neuroinflammation occurrence. However, whether rotenone accelerated PD progression via Parkin-NLRP3 loop and the specific mechanisms were still unclear.

Global Profiling Lysine Reactivity and Ligandability with Oxidant-Triggered Bioconjugation Chemistry.

Due to the high abundance and diverse functions of lysine residues, both in the interior and on the surface of proteins, the development of new methods to characterize their reactivity and ligandability could significantly expand the pool of druggable targets. To date, only a limited number of aminophilic electrophiles have been assessed for interactions with the lysine proteome, resulting in a substantial fraction remaining inaccessible to current probes. Here, to the best of our knowledge, we report the first oxidant-triggered bioconjugation platform for in-depth profiling of lysines.

Correlation between glucose metabolism and body mass index in tumor lesions of patients with lung cancer.

Objective: Lung cancer, along with various other cancers, is characterized by increased glucose metabolism. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), derived from positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT), serves as an indicator of glucose metabolic activity in tumor lesions. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and SUVmax in individuals with lung cancer.

Mitoxantrone attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via inhibition of NEDD8 activating enzyme.

Background: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) by interacting with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), leading to the production of various proinflammatory enzymes and cytokines that are crucial in the development of acute lung injury (ALI). Mitoxantrone (MTX) has been demonstrated to mitigate the inflammatory response caused by LPS; however, its precise function in the context of ALI is not fully comprehended.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects and underlying mechanisms of MTX against LPS-induced ALI.

In-Silico discovery of 17alpha-hydroxywithanolide-D as potential neuroprotective allosteric modulator of NMDA receptor targeting Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by cognitive decline, memory impairment, and behavioral alterations. The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor has emerged as a promising target for AD pharmacotherapy due to its role in the disease's pathogenesis. This study leverages advanced computational methods to screen 80 active constituents of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), a traditional herb known for its neuroprotective effects, against the NMDA receptor, using FDA-approved Ifenprodil as a reference.

Negative pressure assisted rubbing suction technique for the treatment of axillary osmidrosis based on minimally invasive principle.

Background: Axillary Osmidrosis is highly prevalent and occurr in adolescents, bilateral onset, its pathogenesis is related to abnormal secretion function of apocrine glands, with a significant genetic predisposition, the patient's bilateral armpit area can smell a spicy pungent odor, although it does not affect the health, but it is inconvenient to life, socialize. Patients are often accompanied by low self-esteem and urgently require treatment, and most of them have the requirement of minimally invasive treatment and minimal scarring.

Method: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of minimally invasive treatment of axillary osmidrosis with refined negative pressure-assisted rubbing suction technique.

METTL14 regulates inflammation in ulcerative colitis via the lncRNA DHRS4-AS1/miR-206/A3AR axis.

As a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) has not been fully elucidated. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, observed in various RNAs, is implicated in inflammatory bowel diseases. Methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) is the major subunit of the methyltransferase complex catalyzing m6A modifications.

Trio-whole exome sequencing reveals the importance of de novo variants in children with intellectual disability and developmental delay.

Understanding the genetic basis of developmental delay (DD) and intellectual disability (ID) remains a considerable clinical challenge. This study evaluated the clinical application of trio whole exome sequencing (WES) in children diagnosed with DD/ID. The study comprised 173 children with unexplained DD/ID.

Plant-Derived Exosome-Like Nanovesicles in Chronic Wound Healing.

The incidence of chronic wounds is steadily increasing each year, yet conventional treatments for chronic wounds yield unsatisfactory results. The delayed healing of chronic wounds significantly affects patient quality of life, placing a heavy burden on patients, their families, and the healthcare system. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new treatment methods for chronic wounds.

Alzheimer's Disease-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles Exacerbate Cognitive Dysfunction, Modulate the Gut Microbiome, and Increase Neuroinflammation and Amyloid-β Production.

Although our understanding of the molecular biology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) continues to improve, the etiology of the disease, particularly the involvement of gut microbiota disturbances, remains a challenge. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) play a key role in central nervous system diseases, but the impact of OMVs on AD progression remains unclear. In this study, we hypothesized that AD-derived OMVs (OMVs) were a risk factor in AD pathology.

The Biomarkers in Extreme Longevity: Insights Gained from Metabolomics and Proteomics.

The pursuit of extreme longevity is a popular topic. Advanced technologies such as metabolomics and proteomics have played a crucial role in unraveling complex molecular interactions and identifying novel longevity-related biomarkers in long-lived individuals. This review summarizes key longevity-related biomarkers identified through metabolomics, including high levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and sphingolipids, as well as low levels of tryptophan.

miR-4486 inhibits colorectal cancer proliferation via targeting MAP2K4 to inhibit the activation of the p38MAPK/JNK signaling.

Objective: Since MAP2K4 was reportedly involved in colorectal cancer development and the p38MAPK/JNK signaling transcription, this study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which the microRNA (miR)-4486 acts on colorectal cell proliferation.

Methods: RT-PCR was conducted to measure the expression levels of the MAP2K4 and miR-4486 in NCM460, SW1116, and HCT116 cells. TargetScanHuman site anticipated that MAP2K4 may be a target of miR-4486.

Super-enhancer MYCNOS-SE promotes chemoresistance in small cell lung cancer by recruiting transcription factors CTCF and KLF15.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive form of lung cancer that often becomes resistant to chemotherapy. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance is crucial for identifying effective therapeutic targets. In this study, we used RNA-Seq to identify highly expressed molecules associated with chemoresistance.

Construction of a lung cancer 3D culture model based on alginate/gelatin micro-beads for drug evaluation.

Background: Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Despite advances in lung cancer treatment, patients still face challenges related to drug resistance and recurrence. Current methods for evaluating anti-cancer drug activity are insufficient, as they rely on two-dimensional (2D) cell culture and animal models.

SGSM2 in Uveal Melanoma: Implications for Survival, Immune Infiltration, and Drug Sensitivity.

Background: The abnormal expression of small G protein signaling modulator 2 (SGSM2) is related to the occurrence of thyroid cancer and breast cancer. However, the role of SGSM2 in uveal melanoma (UVM) is unclear.

Objects: To elucidate this ambiguity, our study utilized bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.