68Ga-Pentixafor PET in Combination With MRI Improves the Differential Diagnosis of Glioblastoma and Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma.

Purposes: This study aims to investigate the diagnostic performance of combining 68Ga-pentixafor PET with MRI to differentiate primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) from glioblastoma (GBM), particularly focusing on atypical lymphoma identification.

Patients And Methods: Seventy-one PCNSL and 53 GBM patients who underwent both 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT and MRI were retrospectively included. We evaluated the quantitative imaging parameters and MRI features of positive lesions, identifying atypical PCNSL by hemorrhage, necrosis, or heterogeneous enhancement.

Dose effect of corticosteroids on peripheral lymphocyte profiles in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: To investigate the dose effect of methylprednisolone (MP) on peripheral lymphocyte profiles in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study investigated the impact of varied MP doses on peripheral lymphocyte subtypes in SLE patients.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study involving 51 SLE patients, categorized into four groups (40 mg/day, 80 mg/day, 500 mg/day, and 1000 mg/day) based on the administered MP dosage during hospitalization.

Biomaterial scaffold stiffness influences the foreign body reaction, tissue stiffness, angiogenesis and neuroregeneration in spinal cord injury.

Biomaterial scaffold engineering presents great potential in promoting axonal regrowth after spinal cord injury (SCI), yet persistent challenges remain, including the surrounding host foreign body reaction and improper host-implant integration. Recent advances in mechanobiology spark interest in optimizing the mechanical properties of biomaterial scaffolds to alleviate the foreign body reaction and facilitate seamless integration. The impact of scaffold stiffness on injured spinal cords has not been thoroughly investigated.

Surgical resection versus thermal ablation: comparison of sequential options after successful TACE downstaging therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is an effective and safe downstaging therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the selection of sequential therapeutic modalities is still controversial.

Objectives: This study compared the effectiveness and safety of surgical resection (SR) and thermal ablation (TA) after patients with HCC underwent TACE downstaging therapy.

PIEZO1 activation enhances myogenesis and mitigates muscle degeneration in rotator cuff tear.

Muscle degeneration is a common issue caused by rotator cuff tear (RCT) which significantly affects prognosis. Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) play a crucial role to prevent muscle degeneration after RCT. However, the pathological changes and detailed molecular mechanism underlying the myogenesis of MuSCs after RCT remain incomplete.

Recursive partitioning staging system based on the log odds of the negative lymph node/T stage ratio in colon mucinous adenocarcinoma.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of the log odds of negative lymph nodes/T stage ratio (LONT) and develop an efficient prognostic staging system using LONT in patients with colon mucinous adenocarcinoma (MAC).

Methods: This study included 5,236 patients diagnosed with colon MAC obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The Kaplan-Meier method, subgroup analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and Cox proportional hazard regression model were used to determine the clinical outcomes.

Guilu Erxian glue reduces endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis and restores the balance of extracellular matrix synthesis and degradation in chondrocytes by inhibiting the ATF6/GRP78/CHOP signaling pathway.

Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is characterized by phenotypic alterations, apoptosis, and the breakdown of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the superficial articular cartilage cells. The inflammatory response activates the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress (ERS) signaling pathway, which plays a critical role in the pathophysiology and progression of KOA. Chondrocytes stimulated by thapsigargin(TG)exhibit heightened ERS and significantly increase the expression of ERS-associated proteins.

Evaluation of the ability of large language models to self-diagnose oral diseases.

Large language models (LLMs) offer potential in primary dental care. We conducted an evaluation of LLMs' diagnostic capabilities across various oral diseases and contexts. All LLMs showed diagnostic capabilities for temporomandibular joint disorders, periodontal disease, dental caries, and malocclusion.

Impact of thrombocytopenia on failure of endoscopic variceal treatment in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding.

Background: Acute variceal bleeding (AVB), a life-threatening complication of liver cirrhosis, can be effectively treated by endoscopy, but there is a risk of early rebleeding after endoscopic variceal treatment (EVT). Thrombocytopenia is the most common hemostatic abnormality in liver cirrhosis. However, it is still unclear about whether thrombocytopenia increases the failure of EVT in cirrhotic patients with AVB.

Tumor burden with AFP improves survival prediction for TACE-treated patients with HCC: An international observational study.

Background & Aims: Current prognostic models for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) are not extensively validated and widely accepted. We aimed to develop and validate a continuous model incorporating tumor burden and biology for individual survival prediction and risk stratification.

Methods: Overall, 4,377 treatment-naive candidates for whom TACE was recommended, from 39 centers in five countries, were enrolled and divided into training, internal validation, and two external validation datasets.

Current status of FAP-directed cancer theranostics: a bibliometric analysis.

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a key molecule in the field of oncology, with significant impacts on tumor diagnosis and treatment. Importantly, it has paved the way for the development of radiotracers for quinoline-based FAP inhibitors (FAPIs), which are currently among the most promising radiotracers for PET imaging in cancer. We performed a bibliometric analysis of scientific publications related to FAP and FAPI-based radiotracers, which included the quantification and visualization of current research trends and prospects based on various bibliometric indicators.

Trends in Obesity Prevalence Among Adults With Hypertension in the United States, 2001 to 2023.

Background: Obesity is a factor contributing to the occurrence of hypertension and a risk factor for adverse outcomes in populations with hypertension. The changes in the prevalence of obesity in populations with hypertension remain unclear. Investigating the changes in the prevalence of obesity in populations with hypertension can provide information for the treatment and management of hypertension.

Global and Regional Burden of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Attributable to Low Physical Activity From 1990 to 2021.

Aim: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) contributes to the heavy burden, but there lacks latest and comprehensive global research on the burden of T2DM attributable to low physical activity (LPA). This study aimed to quantify the global and regional burden of T2DM attributable to LPA from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: We utilized data including disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), mortality, age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (ASDR), and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021.

Translational regulation of PKD1 by evolutionarily conserved upstream open reading frames.

Mutations in coding sequence and abnormal PKD1 expression levels contribute to the development of autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease, the most common genetic disorder. Regulation of PKD1 expression by factors located in the promoter and 3´ UTR have been extensively studied. Less is known about its regulation by 5´ UTR elements.

Meta-Analysis of Pulsed-Field Ablation Versus- High-Power Short-Duration Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation.

Purpose: To optimize the effectiveness and safety of pulmonary vein isolation, pulsed-field ablation (PFA) and high-power short-duration ablation (HPSD) have recently been incorporated into clinical practice. The objective of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis, focusing on the efficacy, safety, and procedural efficiency of PFA and HPSD in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods: A thorough search was performed across multiple databases to identify trials that compared PFA with HPSD for AF from their inception until July 2024.

Future atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus based on CSTAR (XXVIII): the effect of different antiphospholipid antibodies isotypes.

Background: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) suffered from an increasing risk of cardiovascular diseases. In this multi-center prospective study, we aimed to determine the association between antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) and future atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in SLE.

Methods: In total, 1573 SLE patients were recruited based on the Chinese SLE Treatment and Research group (CSTAR) registry.

Multimodal deep learning approaches for precision oncology: a comprehensive review.

The burgeoning accumulation of large-scale biomedical data in oncology, alongside significant strides in deep learning (DL) technologies, has established multimodal DL (MDL) as a cornerstone of precision oncology. This review provides an overview of MDL applications in this field, based on an extensive literature survey. In total, 651 articles published before September 2024 are included.

Evaluation of microgaps and microleakage at the implant-abutment interface of individualized abutments in the maxillary anterior region under functional loading: A pragmatic clinical trial.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of functional loading on microgaps and microleakage at implant-abutment interfaces (IAIs) in the aesthetic zone when using different abutments and to provide a clinical reference for abutment selection.

Methods: This study included 30 patients with 36 implants divided into three groups: zirconia (Zr)-one-piece custom abutment, titanium (Ti)-custom abutment, and Ti-original abutment. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine alterations in the microgaps at the IAIs under functional loading.

Multifaceted roles of IL-17 in bone and tendon health.

The interleukin-17 (IL-17) family, encompassing IL-17A to IL-17F, plays pivotal roles across various biomedical fields. IL-17A, a prominent cytokine, has garnered significant attention. However, the pathological effects of IL-17 can often be unpredictable.

Collagen/polyvinyl alcohol scaffolds combined with platelet-rich plasma to enhance anterior cruciate ligament repair.

In anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair methods, the continuous enzymatic erosion of synovial fluid can impede healing and potentially lead to repair failure, as well as exacerbate articular cartilage wear, resulting in joint degeneration. Inspired by the blood clot during medial collateral ligament healing, we developed a composite scaffold comprising collagen (1 %, w/v) and polyvinyl alcohol (5 %, w/v) combined with platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The composite scaffold provides a protective barrier against synovial erosion for the ruptured ACL, while simultaneously facilitating tissue repair, thereby enhancing the efficacy of ACL repair techniques.

Frequency of somatic and germline variants of predisposition genes in young Chinese women with breast cancer.

Purpose: Age stratification influences the clinicopathological features and survival outcomes of breast cancer. We aimed to understand the effect of age on gene variants in young Chinese women with breast cancer compared with those from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Methods: Enrolled patients ≤ 40 years old (N = 370) underwent germline or somatic genetic testing using a 32-gene hereditary cancer panel at Fujian Union Hospital.

SENP3 inhibition suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression and improves the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.

The importance of SUMOylation in tumorigenesis has received increasing attention, and research on therapeutic agents targeting this pathway has progressed. However, the potential function of SUMOylation during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we identified that SUMO-Specific Peptidase 3 (SENP3) was upregulated in HCC tissues and correlated with a poor prognosis.

A cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association study identifies new key genes in ischemic stroke.

Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is an important disease causing death and disability worldwide, and further investigation of IS-related genes through genome-wide association study (GWAS) data is valuable.

Methods: The study included GWAS data from 62,100 IS patients of European origin and 1,234,808 controls in a cross-tissue transcriptome association study (TWAS). A joint analysis was first performed by the Unified Test for Molecular Markers (UTMOST) and FUSION methods.