Relationship Between Novel Inflammatory Indices and the Incidence of Postoperative Pneumonia After Endovascular Embolization for Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Background: Accurate identification of the risk of postoperative pneumonia (POP) in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is essential for the implementation of stratified treatment. This study evaluated the relevance and utility of the Systemic Immuno-inflammatory Index (SII) and the Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI) in predicting pneumonia after aSAH.

Methods: Two hundred and forty patients undergoing aSAH intervention were included.

Impact of Radiation Therapy Techniques on Hippocampal Doses and Psychological Status in Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Purpose: To investigate the impact of Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) on hippocampal radiation dosage and psychological status in patients newly diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Patients And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 269 NPC patients who received initial treatment between January 2013 and April 2022. Patients were categorized into the IMRT group and the VMAT group based on the radiotherapy technique employed.

Construction of an Interpretable Model of the Risk of Post-Traumatic Brain Infarction Based on Machine Learning Algorithms: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Post-traumatic cerebral infarction (PTCI) is a severe complication resulting from traumatic brain injury (TBI), which can lead to permanent neurological damage or death. The investigation of the factors associated with PTCI and the establishment of predictive models are crucial for clinical practice.

Methods: We made a retrospective analysis of clinical data from 1484 TBI patients admitted to the Neurosurgery Department of a provincial hospital from January 2018 to December 2023.

Meibomian gland alterations in allergic conjunctivitis: insights from a novel quantitative analysis algorithm.

Purpose: To investigate the changes in meibomian gland (MG) structure in allergic conjunctivitis (AC) patients using an intelligent quantitative analysis algorithm and to explore the relationship between these changes and clinical parameters.

Methods: A total of 252 eyes from patients with AC and 200 eyes from normal controls were examined. Infrared meibography was performed using the non-contact mode of the Keratograph 5M.

Association of socioeconomic status with diabetic microvascular complications: a UK Biobank prospective cohort study.

Background: Prior studies on the link between socioeconomic status (SES) and diabetic microvascular complications have been inconclusive. This study aimed to explore whether SES is associated with the risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR), nephropathy (DN) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) using large prospective cohort.

Methods: SES was evaluated using education attainment (individual level), household income (household level), and Townsend deprivation index (TDI, neighborhood level).

Sex differences in cognition, anxiety-phenotype and therapeutic effect of metformin in the aged apoE-TR mice.

Background: Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), depression, and anxiety, which were reported to improve after the administration of metformin. However, sex influence on the effect of ApoE4 and metformin on cognition and mental health is poorly understood.

Methods: ApoE3-TR and apoE4-TR mice of both sexes were randomly assigned to the normal saline and metformin groups from 13 months to 18 months of age.

Inverse relationship of oxidative balance score with hyperuricemia among Chinese adults: a population-based cross-sectional study.

Background: The oxidative balance score (OBS) is a composite metric highlights pro-oxidants and antioxidants balance, representing the overall burden of oxidative stress. This study aims to examine the association between OBS and hyperuricemia in a Chinese population.

Methods: This study was based on population-based cross-sectional survey data of Fujian province from August 2020 to April 2021.

Case report: a rare concurrence of dense deposit disease in an adolescent patient with IgA nephropathy.

Background: Dense deposit disease (DDD) is a rare renal disorder major affecting adolescents and children, characterized by an absence of distinctive clinical symptoms. Its coexistence with other renal conditions complicates both diagnosis and treatment in clinical practice.

Case Presentation: We described a 15-year-old male adolescent presenting with nephrotic syndrome as the initial manifestation, with urinalysis indicating significantly elevated protein and erythrocytes.

Dysfunctional large-scale brain networks in drug-naïve depersonalization-derealization disorder patients.

Background: Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder (DPRD) presents challenges in understanding its neurobiological underpinnings. Several neuroimaging studies have revealed altered brain function and structure in DPRD. However, the knowledge about large-scale dysfunctional brain networks in DPRD remains unknown.

PPARγ activation attenuates neonatal CRD-induced visceral pain sensitization and anxiety in male rats by alleviating oxidative stress.

Background: Visceral pain sensitization and emotional reactions due to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) occur frequently in the general population. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of IBS. Previous studies have demonstrated that activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) has analgesic effects.

Exosomes derived from FN14-overexpressing BMSCs activate the NF-κB signaling pathway to induce PANoptosis in osteosarcoma.

Despite advances in treatment, the prognosis of osteosarcoma (OS) patients is unsatisfactory, and searching for possible targets is substantial. Fibroblast growth factor inducible type 14 (FN14), a plasma membrane protein, is involved in wound healing, angiogenesis, proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation. However, its implication in OS development and progression has not been completely characterized.

BIOTIC: a Bayesian framework to integrate single-cell multi-omics for transcription factor activity inference and improve identity characterization of cells.

Understanding cell destiny requires unraveling the intricate mechanism of gene regulation, where transcription factors (TFs) play a pivotal role. However, the actual contribution of TFs, that is TF activity, is not only determined by TF expression, but also accessibility of corresponding chromatin regions. Therefore, we introduce BIOTIC, an advanced Bayesian model with a well-established gene regulation structure that harnesses the power of single-cell multi-omics data to model the gene expression process under the control of regulatory elements, thereby defining the regulatory activity of TFs with variational inference.

A narrative review of papilla preservation techniques in clinical dentistry.

The interdental papilla is closely associated with oral health and dental aesthetics. Interproximal papilla is an essential component of pink aesthetics as well as an indispensable prerequisite for the health of oral tissues. The loss of papillary height not only considerably affects final esthetic results, but also brings a series of periodontal complications.

Rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of fracture: A Mendelian randomization study.

Observational epidemiological studies indicate a higher fracture incidence in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients compared to the general population. However, the causal relationship between RA and fracture risk, particularly traumatic and osteoporotic fractures, is not well established. We performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to evaluate the causal relationship between RA and fracture risk.

A simple and colorimetric method utilizing cell-free toehold switch sensors for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) rank among the most prevalent acute infectious conditions and remain a major global public health concern. Notable STI pathogens include Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG). Early detection and diagnosis are crucial for controlling the spread of STIs.

Curcumin attenuates ulcerative colitis via regulation of Sphingosine kinases 1/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Curcumin, a compound from Curcuma longa L., has significant anti-inflammatory properties. However, the mechanisms underlying its anti-inflammatory activity in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) remain inadequately understood.

Edaravone Mitigates Hippocampal Neuronal Death and Cognitive Dysfunction by Upregulating BDNF Expression in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Rats.

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a severe neurological injury during infancy, often resulting in long-term cognitive deficits. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Edaravone (EDA), a free radical scavenger, and elucidate the potential role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in mediating these effects in neonatal HIE rats. Using the Rice-Vannucci model, HIE was induced in neonatal rats, followed by immediate administration of EDA after the hypoxic-ischemic insult.

Osimertinib as a neoadjuvant therapy in resectable EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer: a real-world, multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Osimertinib, a third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has been authorized for use in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant osimertinib in individuals with resectable locally advanced NSCLC harboring EGFR mutation.

Methods: Ten centers located in mainland China took part in a single-arm, real-world, multicenter retrospective study (registration number: ChiCTR2100049954).

Prognostic value of ground-glass opacity on computed tomography for patients with pathological stage IA3 lung adenocarcinoma: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Background: Ground-glass opacity (GGO) on computed tomography (CT) has been suggested as a potential prognostic factor in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), but its significance in patients with pathological stage IA3 LUAD, particularly in relation to micropapillary (MIP) status, remains unclear. This study addresses the clinical need to stratify patients based on GGO and MIP status to optimize prognosis prediction and follow-up strategies.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective study was conducted on 411 patients with pathological stage IA3 LUAD, enrolled between July 2012 and July 2020.

Dihydromyricetin: an emerging compound with comprehensive effects on multiple systems.

Dihydromyricetin (DHM or DMY) is a flavonoid derived from natural sources with a range of confirmed biological benefits. It exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tumor, and anti-viral activities. DHM is recognized for its high biosafety, making it a promising subject for further research.

Integrative Analyses of Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing and Bulk RNA-Sequencing Reveal Prognostic Markers of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Patients with Cardiogenic Shock Receiving Venous-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support Collected before Venous-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Establishment.

The impact of changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) on the prognosis of patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) receiving venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) remains unclear. A single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and a bulk RNA-sequencing (bulk RNA-seq) data sets of pre-ECMO PBMCs of CS patients were obtained from the gene expression omnibus database, which were analyzed using the "Seurat" and "limma" packages, respectively. The counts of different PMBC cell types, differential expression genes (DEGs), pathway enrichment analysis, cell-cell communication analysis, pseudotime analysis, and immune cell infiltration analysis were compared between VA-ECMO groups with different prognoses.

Mechanism Study of E2F8 Activation of SPC25-Mediated Glutamine Metabolism Promoting Immune Escape in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Tumour cell immune infiltration is linked to spindle pole component 25 (SPC25). The purpose of this work was to examine the function and molecular mechanism of SPC25 in immune escape in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). SPC25 expression in LUAD was examined using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and RT-qPCR was used to confirm the results.

Advances in the Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Ultrasound Diagnosis of Vulnerable Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque.

Vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque is a type of plaque that poses a significant risk of high mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease. Ultrasound has long been used for carotid atherosclerosis screening and plaque assessment due to its safety, low cost and non-invasive nature. However, conventional ultrasound techniques have limitations such as subjectivity, operator dependence, and low inter-observer agreement, leading to inconsistent and possibly inaccurate diagnoses.