Development and verification of prognostic nomogram for extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma based on the SEER database.

Background: Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma (EES) is a rare tumor, and there is currently no predictive model for overall survival of EES patients. This study sought to use data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to develop a clinical predictive model that could be used to assess the prognosis of EES patients.

Methods: We selected and downloaded prognostic data on 356 patients diagnosed with extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma based on screening criteria, These patients were distributed between 2004 and 2015.

Near-infrared fluorogenic RNA for in vivo imaging and sensing.

Fluorogenic RNA aptamers have various applications, including use as fluorescent tags for imaging RNA trafficking and as indicators of RNA-based sensors that exhibit fluorescence upon binding small-molecule fluorophores in living cells. Current fluorogenic RNA:fluorophore complexes typically emit visible fluorescence. However, it is challenging to develop fluorogenic RNA with near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence for in vivo imaging and sensing studies.

Photo-Facilitated Nitric Oxide-Triggered Turn-on Photodynamic Therapy for Precise Antitumor Application.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a powerful strategy for tumor therapy with noninvasiveness and desirable efficacy. However, the phototoxicity of photosensitizer after the post-PDT is the major obstacle limiting the clinic applications. Herein, a nitric oxide (NO)-activatable photosensitizer is reported with turn-on PDT behavior and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) targeting ability for precise tumor therapy.

The role of KRT18 in lung adenocarcinoma development: integrative bioinformatics and experimental validation.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) represents one of the most common subtypes of lung cancer with high rates of incidence and mortality, which contributes to substantial health and economic demand across the globe. Treatment today mainly consists of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, but their efficacy in advanced stages is often suboptimal and emphasizes the clear need for new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Using comprehensive bioinformatics analyses consisting of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC), immune infiltration analysis and functional enrichment analysis, and single-cell analysis, we examined the potential of keratin 18 (KRT18) as a candidate biomarker in advanced LUAD.

Nomogram for Predicting in-Hospital Severe Complications in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Admitted in Emergency Department.

Background: There is lack of predictive models for the risk of severe complications during hospitalization in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this study, we aimed to create a nomogram to forecast the likelihood of in-hospital severe complications in AMI.

Methods: From August 2020 to January 2023, 1024 patients with AMI including the modeling group (n=717) and the validation group (n=307) admitted in Changsha Central Hospital's emergency department.

Patellar tendon lateral deviation angle: a new computed tomography scan measurement for evaluation of patellar instability.

Background: The tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance is an important reference for the evaluation of patellar instability. However, measurement of the TT-TG distance has disadvantages with relatively low reproducibility. This study aimed to investigate the reliability of patellar tendon lateral deviation angle (PTLD-A) measured on a single computed tomography (CT) slice and the clinical significance for predicting patellar instability.

Structure-activity relationship study of novel evodiamine amino acid conjugates with potent anti-colorectal cancer efficacy.

Evodiamine has been a promising lead structure with broad-spectrum antitumor activity. Druggability optimization is the most challenging part of evodiamine-based lead-to-candidate campaign. Amino acids as building blocks for conjugates are widely incorporated into approved drug and drug candidates, demonstrating highly attractive druggability.

Multi-omics analysis unveils the role of inflammatory cancer-associated fibroblasts in chordoma progression.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) constitute the primary cellular component of the stroma in chordomas, characterized by an abundance of mucinous stromal elements, potentially facilitating their initiation and progression; however, this inference has yet to be fully confirmed. In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), spatial transcriptomics (ST), bulk RNA-seq, multiplexed quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF), and in vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to determine the heterogeneity, spatial distribution, and clinical significance of CAFs in chordoma. ScRNA-seq was performed on 87,693 single cells derived from seven tumor samples and four control nucleus pulposus samples.

High expression of malic enzyme 1 predicts adverse prognosis in patients with cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia and promotes leukaemogenesis through the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathways.

Background: Progress in improving risk stratification methods for patients with cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia (CN-AML) remains limited. This study investigates the prognostic significance and potential functional mechanism of malic enzyme 1 (ME1) in CN-AML.

Methods: Gene expression and clinical data of patients with CN-AML were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, which were subjected to analysis.

Evasion of immunosurveillance by the upregulation of Siglec15 in bladder cancer.

Immunotherapy resistance in bladder cancer (BLCA) is associated with elevated levels of sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec15). This protein plays a crucial role in fostering a noninflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME), which is conducive to cancer progression. Our study confirmed that the overexpression of Siglec15 led to a reduction in CD8 T cell infiltration.

Unraveling the link between sterol ester and colorectal cancer: a two-sample mendelian randomization study.

Background: Several studies reported the sterol ester (SE), a subclass of subtype of cholesterol ester (CE), is associated with the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC). Nevertheless, the causal relationship of SE on CRC remains unknown.

Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study was performed with the summary statistics of SE (27:1/14:0) which is from the largest available genome-wide association study meta-analysis(n = 377277) conducted by FinnGen consortium.

PFAS promotes colorectal cancer progression via regulating RIG-I-mediated innate immune signalling.

Objective: Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase (PFAS) is a critical enzyme in de novo synthesis of purine. Innate immunity recognizes tumor derived damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and initiates the anti-tumor adaptive responses. While the function of PFAS catalyzed de novo synthesis of purine is well proved, its effect on innate immune evasion in cancer is unclear and needs to be further explored.

Application of problem-based learning and case-based learning in teaching ectopic pregnancy to fifth-year medical students.

Objective: This study explored the effectiveness of combining problem-based learning (PBL) and case-based learning (CBL) in the clinical teaching of ectopic pregnancy.

Methods: Fifth-year students majoring in clinical medicine were recruited from the Department of Gynecology at the Hengyang Central Hospital and Hainan General Hospital between September 2023 and June 2024. The students were randomly assigned to either the combined PBL-CBL or the traditional group.

Asymmetric Formal [5 + 2] Annulation of 3-Hydroxyquinolinones and Vinylethylene Carbonates through Pd/Cu Tandem Catalysis.

The asymmetric [5 + 2] cycloaddition of VECs remains to be comparatively rare. Herein, we reported an enantioselective formal [5 + 2] annulation of 3-hydroxyquinolinones and vinylethylene carbonates (VECs) through Pd- and Cu-catalyzed tandem allylation/asymmetric [1,3]-rearrangement/hemiketalization sequences. The strategy exhibits good substrate tolerance, affording a wide range of tricyclic quinolinones bearing two adjacent quaternary stereocenters in moderate to good yields with excellent enantioselectivities.

Novel -phenyl-2-(aniline) benzamide hydrochloride salt development for colon cancer therapy.

Introduction: -phenyl-2-(aniline) analog is a previously discovered dual inhibitor of Topo I and COX-2, which exhibited significant anti-colon cancer activity , but the poor solubility and moderate anti-cancer activity hindered its further development.

Methods: To rectify the suboptimal drug properties of , a series of salt forms were developed and further evaluated through and experiments.

Results: The hydrochloride () has a well-characterized crystal structure and its solubility reached 540.

MMP-9 as a clinical marker for endometriosis: a meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis.

Aim: This study systematically evaluated the potential efficacy of serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) concentration as a diagnostic marker for endometriosis through meta-analysis. Early and accurate diagnosis of endometriosis, a common gynecological disease, is crucial for improving patient prognosis. Hence, this study aimed to comprehensively analyze the data from multiple studies to assess the diagnostic value of serum MMP-9 concentration for endometriosis.

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children: a multi-center retrospective study.

Background: This study investigated the factors influencing the prognosis of children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) in patients from the Guangxi region.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical and pathological data of 279 patients with SRNS from six tertiary hospitals in Guangxi. Clinical data were compared between initial (I-SRNS) and secondary (S-SRNS) steroid resistance subgroups and Cox regression analysis was used to determine risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CKD stage 5 (CKD5) in patients with SRNS.

Simultaneous CNV-seq and WES: An effective strategy for molecular diagnosis of unexplained fetal structural anomalies.

Background: Fetal structural anomalies are detected by ultrasound in approximately 3 % of pregnancies. Numerous genetic diagnostic strategies have been widely applied to identify the genetic causes of prenatal abnormalities. We aimed to assess the value of simultaneous copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq) and whole exome sequencing (WES) in diagnosing fetuses with structural anomalies.

Role of non-coding RNA in lineage plasticity of prostate cancer.

The treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) has made great progress in recent years, but treatment resistance always develops and can even lead to fatal disease. Exploring the mechanism of drug resistance is of great significance for improving treatment outcomes and developing biomarkers with predictive value. It is increasingly recognized that mechanism of drug resistance in advanced PCa is related to lineage plasticity and tissue differentiation.

Comprehensive evaluation of leuprorelin-associated adverse events: insights from FDA adverse event reporting system.

Background: Leuprorelin, a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, is widely used to treat hormone-related disorders. This study aims to explore and analyze the safety profile of leuprorelin by examining adverse event reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Methods: This study conducted a retrospective pharmacovigilance analysis using FAERS data from Q1 2004 to Q1 2024.