Flow-cytometric Analysis of Reactive Oxygen Species in Blood Cells: A Potential Tool for Predicting Restenosis - Insights from a Cohort Study.

Introduction: In-stent restenosis (ISR) is a recurrence of a blockage in a section of the coronary artery that has previously been treated with a stent. Molecular/biochemical pathways underlying ISR are not fully understood, but inflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced oxidative stress play a significant role in the pathogenesis of restenosis. As blood cells are highly sensitive to oxidative stress and blood is readily accessible compared to other tissues, the current study flow cytometrically investigated intracellular ROS and cytokine profile of blood cells as possible markers of restenosis.

Neonatal lupus erythematosus: 24 years of experience from a tertiary centre at Chandigarh, North India.

Objective: To study the clinical features and laboratory parameters of neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) from India.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed case records of children diagnosed with NLE in the Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic at tertiary care centre from North India during the period January 1999 - December 2023.

Results: Twenty-four babies are diagnosed with NLE during the study period.

Giant Infected Pseudoaneurysms of Left Anterior Descending Artery After Percutaneous Intervention: A Fatal Complication.

Infected coronary aneurysms are rare in clinical practice and represent a catastrophic complication following percutaneous coronary interventions. A high index of suspicion is imperative in patients presenting with fever a few weeks after percutaneous coronary intervention. Early diagnosis and surgical repair are key to mitigating the morbidity and mortality associated with it.

Incidence of Kawasaki disease among children in Chandigarh, India during 2015-2019: a trend analysis.

Background: Only limited information exists regarding the epidemiology of Kawasaki disease (KD) in low-income and middle-income countries. The present study provides the incidence of KD during 2015-2019 in Chandigarh, north India. Our centre follows the largest KD cohort in India.

A Kernel Attention-based Transformer Model for Survival Prediction of Heart Disease Patients.

Survival analysis is employed to scrutinize time-to-event data, with emphasis on comprehending the duration until the occurrence of a specific event. In this article, we introduce two novel survival prediction models: CosAttnSurv and CosAttnSurv DyACT. CosAttnSurv model leverages transformer-based architecture and a softmax-free kernel attention mechanism for survival prediction.

Coronary intravascular lithotripsy in contemporary practice: challenges and opportunities in coronary intervention.

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of calcified coronary arteries is associated with poor outcomes. Poorly modified calcified lesion hinders the stent delivery, disrupts drug-carrying polymer, impairs drug elution kinetics and results in under-expanded stent (UES). UES is the most common cause of acute stent thrombosis and in-stent restenosis after PCI of calcified lesions.

FibroScan as a surveillance marker post-cavopulmonary anastomosis for single-ventricle physiology.

Purpose: Single-ventricle physiology encompasses a group of congenital cardiac malformations with only one functional ventricle. The Fontan procedure is the final palliation of this pathway and has its complications. One of these is Fontan-associated liver disease (FALD).

A large type I right pulmonary artery to left atrium fistula: underwent successful percutaneous device closure with duct occluder-a rare case report.

Background: Pulmonary artery to left atrium fistula is an unusual structural cause of silent cyanosis. Only less than 100 cases have been reported so far. A high index of clinical suspicion and proper evaluation with bubble contrast echocardiography and cardiac computed tomography (CT) will help to detect this treatable anomaly.

aVR: The forgotten lead in acute coronary syndrome: A case series.

Lead aVR is often considered as a neglected lead or forgotten lead owing to its reciprocal location to the lateral leads. However, it has diagnostic and prognostic importance in cases of acute coronary syndromes. We present a series of four cases of acute coronary syndrome with ST elevation (STE) in aVR and critical stenosis in coronary vessels.

[Efficacité du tirofiban intracoronaire avant pose d'un stent suivi d'une perfusion dans une charge de thrombus importante prouvée par angiographie : une étude randomisée].

Background: The presence of angiographic thrombus is associated with poor outcomes in contemporary cardiology practice. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in such lesions is associated with slow flow and no-reflow phenomenon which translate into poor clinical outcomes.

Methods: This was a single-centre, prospective, open-label, randomized controlled study with 50 patients each in intervention group and control group.

Spontaneous Recanalized Chronic Total Occlusion or Recanalized Thrombus-What Are the Differentials?

The authors comment on certain points of the Akhar article from the April 2022 issue of the JIC. In their letter, they differentiate between chronic total occlusions and functional occlusions and discuss spontaneous recanalizations and the appearance of multiple intraluminal channels.They question whether the thrombotic occlusion of the right coronary artery was because of atherothrombosis or thromboembolism of both the right coronary artery and pulmonary circulation.

A State-Of-The-Art Review on Coronary Artery Border Segmentation Algorithms for Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) Images.

Intravascular Ultrasound images (IVUS) is a useful guide for medical practitioners to identify the vascular status of coronary arteries in human beings. IVUS is a unique intracoronary imaging modality that is used as an adjunct to angioplasty to view vessel structures using a catheter with high resolutions. Segmentation of IVUS images has always remained a challenging task due to various impediments, for example, similar tissue components, vessel structures, and artifacts imposed during the acquisition process.

Anesthetic Considerations for Adult Patients With Both Down Syndrome and Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery: A Review Article.

The population of adult patients with both Down syndrome and congenital heart disease is increasing due to better medical and surgical care. This cohort presents with multiple unique comorbidities, secondary to both progressions of health conditions associated with the aging of patients with Down syndrome, as well as due to pathophysiologic effects of uncorrected, corrected, or palliated congenital heart disease. These patients need frequent medical care and interventions requiring multiple anesthetics.

Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome II presenting paradoxically as Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: a case report and reappraisal of pathophysiology.

Background: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a rare disease entity characterized by acute, non-ischemic, reversible myocardial dysfunction that mimics acute myocardial infarction. Activation and excessive outflow of sympathetic nervous system are believed to be central to the figure in the disease pathogenesis. Adrenocortical hormones potentiate the systemic actions of sympathetic nervous system and accordingly are essential for regulation of myocardial function.

Percutaneous Intervention of Coarctation of Aorta in an Adult Man Presenting With Congestive Heart Failure.

It is unusual to detect coarctation of aorta (CoA) in an adult person during their 6th decade of life. We came across a 52-year-old male who presented with left ventricular failure with low ejection fraction and atrial fibrillation, who was incidentally detected to have critical CoA. It was successfully managed with balloon angioplasty and had a favorable 6 months of clinical follow-up.

Predictors of dementia amongst newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) confers a 2-to-3-fold increased risk of developing cognitive dysfunction and dementia, independent of age and past stroke. The purpose of study was to identify risk factors for developing dementia amongst AF patients in India. This was a single-centre, prospective, observational study wherein recently diagnosed, treatment naïve, persistent non-valvular AF patients were enrolled.

Objective-structured clinical examination in cardiovascular system for the assessment of internal medicine postgraduates amidst the Covid-19 pandemic.

Background The Covid-19 pandemic has posed a challenge to organizing a safe clinical assessment for postgraduate degree candidates completing the residency programmes in various specialties. Although minimizing the risk of Covid-19 transmission is a priority, fulfilling the objectives of the assessment is equally important. Methods We conducted this study in the Department of Internal Medicine at our institute.

Incidence of atrial high rate episodes after dual-chamber permanent pacemaker implantation and its clinical predictors.

Atrial high rate episodes (AHRE) confers increased morbidity and mortality amongst patients with permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI). The incidence of AHREs and it's clinical predictors in Indian patients without prior history of atrial fibrillation (AF) are not well understood. A total of 100 dual-chamber PPI patients, who had no prior history of AF, underwent pacemaker interrogation starting from a minimum of 1 month after implantation to detect any AHREs.

Rotablation in complex ACS versus Non-ACS patients: Prospective follow up study from tertiary care centre in North India.

The purpose of this study is to compare short term outcome of rotablation in ACS versus non-ACS patients. 60 Consecutive patients who underwent rotational atherectomy were followed prospectively. The mean duration of follow up was 13.

Ventricular Tachycardia Storm in a Patient with an Implanted Cardioverter-Defibrillator Following COVID-19 Infection.

Severe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection presents with acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiorgan dysfunction. Cardiac involvement is seen in about a quarter of patients, and it can present as acute coronary syndromes, arrhythmias, myocarditis, and thromboembolic events. Ventricular arrhythmias in the setting of COVID-19 infection are usually multifactorial in etiology.