259 results match your criteria: "Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International[Affiliation]"

Foreseeing the future outcomes is the art of decision-making. Substantial evidence shows that, during choice deliberation, the brain can retrieve prospective decision outcomes. However, decisions are seldom made in a vacuum.

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Exploring the Psychological and Physiological Effects of Operating a Telenoid: The Preliminary Assessment of a Minimal Humanoid Robot for Mediated Communication.

Sensors (Basel)

November 2024

Presence Media Research Group, Hiroshi Ishiguro Laboratories, Deep Interaction Laboratory Group, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR), 2-2-2 Hikaridai, Seika-Cho, Soraku-Gun, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan.

Background: As the Internet of Things (IoT) expands, it enables new forms of communication, including interactions mediated by teleoperated robots like avatars. While extensive research exists on the effects of these devices on communication partners, there is limited research on the impact on the operators themselves. This study aimed to objectively assess the psychological and physiological effects of operating a teleoperated robot, specifically Telenoid, on its human operator.

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Introduction: The new ICD-11 code for chronic pain indicates a direction to divide chronic pain into two categories: chronic secondary pain, which has a clear underlying disease, and chronic primary pain, which is associated with significant emotional distress or functional disability and cannot be explained by another chronic condition. Until now, epidemiological studies have been hampered by the lack of a clear classification, but we believe that this new code system will provide a new perspective on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pain, and we have begun work on this code system.

Methods: We studied 2,360 patients at Aichi Medical University, the largest pain center in Japan, and asked them to answer questionnaires on pain severity (NRS), pain-related functional impairment (PDAS, Locomo25), quality of life (EQ-5D), and psychological state and pain cognition (HADS, PCS, PSEQ, AIS) while their attending physicians were giving diagnoses according to ICD-11 and the results of the study were used to determine the coding of pain severity.

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While single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a popular method to analyze gene expression and cellular composition at single-cell resolution, it harbors shortcomings: The failure to account for cell-to-cell variations of transcriptome-size (i.e., the total number of transcripts per cell) and also cell dissociation/processing-induced cryptic gene expression.

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Predicting humor effectiveness of robots for human line cutting.

Front Robot AI

October 2024

Human Robot Interaction Laboratory, Department of Social Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

It is extremely challenging for security guard robots to independently stop human line-cutting behavior. We propose addressing this issue by using humorous phrases. First, we created a dataset and built a humor effectiveness predictor.

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Decoding and modifying dynamic attentional bias in gaming disorder.

Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci

December 2024

Department of Decoded Neurofeedback, Computational Neuroscience Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan.

With the spread of smartphones and computer games, concerns have escalated regarding the rising prevalence of gaming disorder. Patients often display attentional biases, unconsciously turning their attention towards gaming-related stimuli. However, attempts to discover and ameliorate these attentional deficits have yielded inconsistent outcomes, potentially due to the dynamic nature of attentional bias.

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Article Synopsis
  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex lifelong condition, and this study aimed to create a classifier using resting-state fMRI from a large group of 730 Japanese adults to identify its neural and biological features.
  • The developed classifier showed effectiveness in differentiating individuals with ASD from neurotypical controls across various countries, including the US and Belgium, and it also applied to children and adolescents.
  • Importantly, the study found that the classifier identified crucial functional connections related to social interaction difficulties and neurotransmitter activity, and it linked ASD with similar neurobiological factors seen in ADHD and schizophrenia, enhancing understanding of related mental health disorders.
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A pre-touch reaction, which is a response before a physical contact, is an essential factor for natural human-agent interaction. Although numerous studies have investigated the effectiveness of pre-touch reaction design for virtual agents in virtual reality (VR) environments and robots in physical environments, one area remains underexplored: displayed agents, ., on-screen computer graphics agents.

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Aim: A new closed-loop functional magnetic resonance imaging method called multivoxel neuroreinforcement has the potential to alleviate the subjective aversiveness of exposure-based interventions by directly inducing phobic representations in the brain, outside of conscious awareness. The current study seeks to test this method as an intervention for specific phobia.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, controlled single-university trial, individuals diagnosed with at least two (one target, one control) animal subtype-specific phobias were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive one, three, or five sessions of multivoxel neuroreinforcement in which they were rewarded for implicit activation of a target animal representation.

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Resurgence can be defined as increases in previously reinforced and subsequently extinguished target responding when conditions for an alternative response worsen. Worsening of alternative conditions, such as extinction, has been linked to relapse of clinically relevant behavior. Preclinical researchers have evaluated whether punishing target responses while differentially reinforcing an alternative response could reduce resurgence when conditions are worsened with extinction, with mixed results.

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Aim: A new closed-loop fMRI method called multi-voxel neuro-reinforcement has the potential to alleviate the subjective aversiveness of exposure-based interventions by directly inducing phobic representations in the brain, outside of conscious awareness. The current study seeks to test this method as an intervention for specific phobia.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, controlled single-university trial, individuals diagnosed with at least two (1 target, 1 control) animal subtype specific phobias were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive 1, 3, or 5 sessions of multi-voxel neuro-reinforcement in which they were rewarded for implicit activation of a target animal representation.

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Article Synopsis
  • Medical care on isolated islands is challenging, but telepsychiatry may increase access to psychiatric services using video conferencing and the teleoperated robot "Sota 100" for nonverbal communication.
  • The case of a patient with alcohol use disorder illustrated how Sota 100 facilitated a conversation between the patient, a primary care physician, and a psychiatry specialist, leading the patient to recognize the need to stop drinking to improve health and relationships.
  • Findings suggest Sota 100 is a valuable tool for telepsychiatry in treating alcohol use disorder, and future studies should focus on detailed experimental designs to assess its effectiveness over time.
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  • To understand brain function in real-world settings, researchers used EEG to collect data during skateboarding, tackling challenges posed by environmental noise and artifacts through techniques like ASR and ICA.
  • The study employed a dual-task approach where participants received auditory stimuli while skateboarding, comparing the artifact cleaning effectiveness of various signal processing pipelines, including ASR and ICA.
  • Results indicated that the ASRICA pipeline, which combines ASR and ICA, significantly outperformed minimal cleaning and other methods, especially during skateboarding, demonstrating its effectiveness in handling non-stationary artifacts.
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Uncertainty abounds in the real world, and in environments with multiple layers of unobservable hidden states, decision-making requires resolving uncertainties based on mutual inference. Focusing on a spatial navigation problem, we develop a Tiger maze task that involved simultaneously inferring the local hidden state and the global hidden state from probabilistically uncertain observation. We adopt a Bayesian computational approach by proposing a hierarchical inference model.

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Background: Restoring shoulder function is critical for upper-extremity rehabilitation following a stroke. The complex musculoskeletal anatomy of the shoulder presents a challenge for safely assisting elevation movements through robotic interventions. The level of shoulder elevation assistance in rehabilitation is often based on clinical judgment.

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In recent years, the development of robots that can engage in non-task-oriented dialogue with people, such as chat, has received increasing attention. This study aims to clarify the factors that improve the user's willingness to talk with robots in non-task oriented dialogues (e.g.

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Fear memories enhance survival especially when the memories guide defensive movements to minimize harm. Accordingly, fear memories and body movements have tight relationships in animals: Fear memory acquisition results in adapting reactive defense movements, while training active defense movements reduces fear memory. However, evidence in humans is scarce because their movements are typically suppressed in experiments.

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  • The study translated the Standardised Assessment of Personality - Abbreviated Scale (SAPAS) into Japanese (SAPAS-J) to assess its validity and reliability for screening personality disorders (PD) in clinical practice.
  • SAPAS is a quick assessment tool with good sensitivity and specificity, making it advantageous for large surveys and routine use, which is crucial given the public health impact of PD.
  • The findings revealed that while SAPAS-J showed reasonable validity, particularly with non-clinical populations, its clinical validation is still limited, suggesting further research is needed for broader clinical applications.*
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Background: The World Health Organization has reported that approximately 300 million individuals suffer from the mood disorder known as MDD. Non-invasive measurement techniques have been utilized to reveal the mechanism of MDD, with rsfMRI being the predominant method. The previous functional connectivity and energy landscape studies have shown the difference in the coactivation patterns between MDD and HCs.

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Scientists write research articles, process ethics reviews, evaluate proposals and research, and seek funding. Several strategies have been proposed to optimize these operations and to decentralize access to research resources and opportunities. For instance, we previously proposed the trinity review method, combining registered reports with financing and research ethics assessments.

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Background And Aims: Game genres, availability on smartphones, in-game purchases, and playing duration, have been thought to influence Gaming Disorder (GD). However, little research has comprehensively examined their relationships with GD. Therefore, we examined the relationship between GD, in-game purchases, gaming duration via consoles and smartphones, and genres of smartphone games.

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Identifying an accurate dynamics model remains challenging for humanoid robots. The difficulty is mainly due to the following two points. First, a good initial model is required to evaluate the feasibility of motions for data acquisition.

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Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive disease characterized by complex lung pathogenesis affecting approximately three million people worldwide. While the molecular and cellular details of the IPF mechanism is emerging, our current understanding is centered around the lung itself. On the other hand, many human diseases are the products of complex multi-organ interactions.

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Proprioceptive short-term memory in passive motor learning.

Sci Rep

November 2023

Brain Information Communication Research Laboratory Group, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR), Keihanna Science City, Kyoto, 619-0288, Japan.

A physical trainer often physically guides a learner's limbs to teach an ideal movement, giving the learner proprioceptive information about the movement to be reproduced later. This instruction requires the learner to perceive kinesthetic information and store the instructed information temporarily. Therefore, (1) proprioceptive acuity to accurately perceive the taught kinesthetics and (2) short-term memory to store the perceived information are two critical functions for reproducing the taught movement.

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Electroencephalographic studies of working memory have demonstrated cortical activity and oscillatory representations without clarifying how the stored information is retained in the brain. To address this gap, we measured scalp electroencephalography data, while participants performed a modified n-back working memory task. We calculated the current intensities from the estimated cortical currents by introducing a statistical map generated using Neurosynth as prior information.

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