A Comparison of the Transcriptomes of Cowpeas in Response to Two Different Ionizing Radiations.

In this study, gene expression changes in cowpea plants irradiated by two different types of radiation: proton-beams and gamma-rays were investigated. Seeds of the Okdang cultivar were exposed to 100, 200, and 300 Gy of gamma-rays and proton-beams. In transcriptome analysis, the 32, 75, and 69 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at each dose of gamma-ray irradiation compared with that of the control were identified.

Eudesmane and Eremophilane Sesquiterpenes from the Fruits of with Protective Effects against Oxidative Stress in Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Miquel (Zingiberaceae) has been reported to show antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. In this study, two new eudesmane sesquiterpenes, 7α-hydroperoxy eudesma-3,11-diene-2-one () and 7β-hydroperoxy eudesma-3,11-diene-2-one (), and a new eremophilane sesquiterpene, 3α-hydroxynootkatone (), were isolated from the MeOH extract of dried fruits of along with eleven known sesquiterpenes (-). The structures were elucidated by the analysis of 1D/2D NMR, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS), and optical rotation data.

Chrysin Derivative CM1 and Exhibited Anti-Inflammatory Action by Upregulating Toll-Interacting Protein Expression in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophage Cells.

Although our previous study revealed that gamma-irradiated chrysin enhanced anti-inflammatory activity compared to intact chrysin, it remains unclear whether the chrysin derivative, CM1, produced by gamma irradiation, negatively regulates toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling. In this study, we investigated the molecular basis for the downregulation of TLR4 signal transduction by CM1 in macrophages. We initially determined the appropriate concentration of CM1 and found no cellular toxicity below 2 μg/mL.

Immunoregulatory properties of a crude extraction fraction rich in polysaccharide from Chrysanthemum zawadskii Herbich var. latilobum and its potential role as a vaccine adjuvant.

The objective of the current study was to demonstrate the immunostimulatory effects of a polysaccharide isolated from Chrysanthemum zawadskii Herbich var. latilobum leaves (CP) and evaluate its potential as a vaccine adjuvant. Results showed that CP induced maturation of the dendritic cells (DCs).

Radioprotective effects of centipedegrass extract on NIH-3T3 fibroblasts via anti-oxidative activity.

Centipedegrass originates from China and South America, and has been reported to contain several C-glycosyl flavones and phenolic compounds, including maysin and luteolin. The present study aimed to investigate the radioprotective activity of centipedegrass extract (CGE) in radiation exposed-fibroblasts and to assess the affected molecular pathway. The radioprotective effects of CGE were determined in NIH-3T3 cells using Cell Counting Kit-8 and morphological changes were observed.

Inhibition of cyclooxygenase by blocking the reducing cosubstrate at the peroxidase site: Discovery of galangin as a novel cyclooxygenase inhibitor.

Earlier we have shown that certain flavonoids (e.g., quercetin) are high-affinity reducing cosubstrates for cyclooxygenase (COX) 1 and 2.

HMOC, a chrysin derivative, induces tolerogenic properties in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated dendritic cells.

Although we previously identified a new hydroxymethoxyl chrysin derivative (HMOC) using ionizing radiation, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of HMOC in dendritic cells remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the effects of HMOC on phenotypic and functional changes in activated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BMDCs, HMOC treatment inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-12p70, and IL-1β), surface molecules (CD80, CD86, MHC-I, and MHC-II), and antigen-presentation to MHC-I and II without a decrease in IL-10.

Anti-diabetic effect of the lupinalbin A compound isolated from : analysis and molecular docking study.

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) and α-glucosidase inhibitors have been developed as anti-diabetic agents for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. In the present study, the anti-diabetic effects of the lupinalbin A compound isolated from was investigated by measuring its inhibitory activity against DPP4 and α-glucosidase. To detect the inhibitory effect of lupinalbin A, DPP4 and α-glucosidase assays were performed .

Detecting Genetic Mobility Using a Transposon-Based Marker System in Gamma-Ray Irradiated Soybean Mutants.

Transposable elements (TEs)-major components of eukaryotic genomes-have the ability to change location within a genome. Because of their mobility, TEs are important for genome diversification and evolution. Here, a simple rapid method, using the consensus terminal inverted repeat sequences of PONG, miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE)-Tourist (M-t) and MITE-Stowaway (M-s) as target region amplification polymorphism (TE-TRAP) markers, was employed to investigate the mobility of TEs in a gamma-irradiated soybean mutant pool.

Multifaceted Chromatin Structure and Transcription Changes in Plant Stress Response.

Sessile plants are exposed throughout their existence to environmental abiotic and biotic stress factors, such as cold, heat, salinity, drought, dehydration, submergence, waterlogging, and pathogen infection. Chromatin organization affects genome stability, and its dynamics are crucial in plant stress responses. Chromatin dynamics are epigenetically regulated and are required for stress-induced transcriptional regulation or reprogramming.

Effects of Acute and Chronic Gamma Irradiation on the Cell Biology and Physiology of Rice Plants.

The response to gamma irradiation varies among plant species and is affected by the total irradiation dose and dose rate. In this study, we examined the immediate and ensuing responses to acute and chronic gamma irradiation in rice ( L.).

Effect of Varying Amount of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG-600) and 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane on the Properties of Chitosan based Reverse Osmosis Membranes.

Chitosan and polyethylene glycol (PEG-600) membranes were synthesized and crosslinked with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). The main purpose of this research work is to synthesize RO membranes which can be used to provide desalinated water for drinking, industrial and agricultural purposes. Hydrogen bonding between chitosan and PEG was confirmed by displacement of the hydroxyl absorption peak at 3237 cm in pure chitosan to lower values in crosslinked membranes by using FTIR.

Antioxidant Contributors in Seed, Seed Coat, and Cotyledon of γ-ray-Induced Soybean Mutant Lines with Different Seed Coat Colors.

The development of soybean with high antioxidant activities for use in the food and cosmetics industries is a target of breeding programs. In soybean, antioxidants are associated with seed color, although the metabolic basis for seed coloration remains incompletely understood. We selected six γ-ray-induced mutant lines that exhibited black, partially black, brown, partially brown, or yellowish-white pigmentation in the seed coat.

Removal of Radioactive Iodine Using Silver/Iron Oxide Composite Nanoadsorbents.

Efficient and cost-effective removal of radioactive iodine (radioiodine) from radioactive contaminated water has become a crucial task, following nuclear power plant disasters. Several materials for removing radioiodine have been reported in the literature. However, most of these materials exhibit some limitations, such as high production cost, slow adsorption kinetics, and poor adsorption capacity.

sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from the faeces of a cow.

A Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, endospore-forming, rod-shaped strain, AGMB 02131, which grew at 20-40 °C (optimum 30 °C), pH 3.0-11.0 (optimum pH 4.

Isoegomaketone from (L.) Britt Stimulates MAPK/ERK Pathway in Human Keratinocyte to Promote Skin Wound Healing.

Skin wound healing is essential for recovery from injury, and delayed or impaired wound healing is a severe therapeutic challenge. Keratinocytes, a major component of the epidermis, play crucial roles in reepithelialization during wound healing including cell proliferation. Recent studies have shown that compounds from natural products have candidates for healing skin injury.

A novel radiolytic rotenone derivative, rotenoisin A, displays potent anticarcinogenic activity in breast cancer cells.

Chemotherapy for cancer treatment has therapeutic limitations, such as drug resistance, excessive toxic effects and undesirable adverse effects. Therefore, efforts to improve the safety and efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents are essential. Ionizing radiation can improve physiological and pharmacological properties by transforming structural modifications of the drug.

Synthesis and characterization of hydrogels based on carboxymethyl chitosan and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) blends prepared by electron beam irradiation having anticancer efficacy, and applications as drug carrier for controlled release of drug.

Herein, carboxymethyl chitosan and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) based hydrogels were synthesized by electron beam irradiation with dose variations (15 kGy, 30 kGy, and 45 kGy) for drug delivery applications. Irradiation crosslinked hydrogels were characterized for swellings in different medias, chemical, thermal, cell cytotoxicity, and drug release aspects. Swelling analysis was evaluated in distilled water, buffer, and saline solutions.

BES1/BZR1 Homolog 3 cooperates with E3 ligase AtRZF1 to regulate osmotic stress and brassinosteroid responses in Arabidopsis.

Proline (Pro) metabolism plays important roles in protein synthesis, redox balance, and abiotic stress response. However, it is not known if cross-talk occurs between proline and brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathways. Here, an Arabidopsis intergenic enhancer double mutant, namely proline content alterative 41 (pca41), was generated by inserting a T-DNA tag in the Arabidopsis thaliana ring zinc finger 1 (atrzf1 ) mutant background.

Preparation and Characterization of Ionic Conductive Poly(acrylic Acid)-Based Silicone Hydrogels for Smart Drug Delivery System.

In this study, we developed a smart drug delivery system that can efficiently deliver the required amounts of drugs using the excellent ion conductivity of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and an electrical stimulus. As a result of its having carboxyl groups, PAA hydrogel can be used in drug delivery patches to release drugs by ionic conductivity. However, PAA hydrogel has low durability and poor mechanical properties.

Centipedegrass extract enhances radiosensitivity in melanoma cells by inducing G2/M cell cycle phase arrest.

Melanoma is aggressive, highly metastatic, and potentially fatal. In the case of patients with advanced melanoma, it is difficult to expect a good prognosis, since this cancer has low sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The use of natural ingredients may enhance existing therapies.

Protein-Rich Extract Induces Maturation of Dendritic Cells and Th1 Polarization: A Potential Immunological Adjuvant for Cancer Vaccine.

, a protein-rich edible insect, is widely used as a traditional medicine in China. Several pharmacological studies have reported the anticancer activity of extracts; however, the capacity of extracts as immune potentiators for increasing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy is still unverified. In the present study, we investigated the immunomodulatory role of protein-rich extract (BBPE) in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and DC vaccine-immunized mice.

Genotype-by-Sequencing Analysis of Mutations and Recombination in Pepper Progeny of Gamma-Irradiated Gametophytes.

The irradiation of dry seeds is the most widely-used irradiation method for improving seed-propagated crops; however, the irradiation of other tissues also has useful effects. The irradiation of plant reproductive organs, rather than seeds, for mutation breeding has advantages, such as producing non-chimeric progeny. However, the mutation frequency and spectrum produced using this method have not been analyzed on a genome-wide level.

9‑Hydroxy‑isoegomaketone inhibits LPS‑induced NO and inflammatory cytokine production in RAW264.7 cells.

Isoegomaketone (IK) is a known component of that reportedly exhibits anti‑inflammatory, anti‑cancer and anti‑allergic properties. A novel compound known as 9‑HIK has been isolated from the extract of a radiation mutant var. using supercritical carbon dioxide.