In Vivo Stability Improvement of Astatobenzene Derivatives by Introducing Neighboring Substituents.

At is a promising radiohalogen for targeted α therapy. However, some astatinated compounds undergo deastatination in vivo, leading to unintended astatine accumulation in nontarget tissues. Recently, a group reported that the in vivo stability of an astato group on an alkyl group could be improved by placing specific substituents around the astato group.

Early progressive disease within 2 years in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant astrocytoma may indicate radiation necrosis.

Background: Isocitrate dehydrogenase-mutant astrocytoma without cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A/B (CDKN2A/B) homozygous deletion typically follows a slow clinical course. However, some cases show early progression on magnetic resonance imaging, and these characteristics remain under-reported. This study aimed to elucidate the characteristics of isocitrate dehydrogenase-mutant astrocytoma showing early progression on magnetic resonance imaging.

Dysbiosis of gut microbiota in COVID-19 is associated with intestinal DNA phage dynamics of lysogenic and lytic infection.

This study compared intestinal DNA phage dynamics and gut microbiota changes observed at the onset of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The study participants included 19 healthy individuals and 19 patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Significant differences were observed in the diversity of the intestinal DNA virome after the onset of COVID-19 compared with that in healthy individuals.

Global and Regional Reduction of Myocardial Perfusion in Patients with Transthyretin Type of Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Dual SPECT Study Using Tc Pyrophosphate and Thallium.

: We aimed to clarify the clinical characteristics of global and regional myocardial perfusion in patients with transthyretin type of cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR) using dual single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with Tc pyrophosphate (PYP) and TL (TL). : Consecutive 178 (mean age 78±12, male 79) patients known or suspect of ATTR who underwent PYP-TL dual SPECT were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were categorized according to the visual grading for planar PYP uptake using Perugini grading, and the patients with grade greater than or equal to 2 were analyzed.

Outbreaks of COVID-19 in a tuberculosis treatment sanatorium on the Thailand-Myanmar border: a retrospective cohort analysis.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic condition, with overlapping symptoms to those of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There has been inconsistent evidence on whether TB is a predisposing factor for developing severe COVID-19. The aim of this report is to explore whether TB influences the severity of COVID-19.

Identification of cancer driver mutations in liquid-based cytology samples for the screening of endometrial diseases.

Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death among women and early detection is crucial for its successful treatment. We previously showed that cytological examination combined with genetic analysis using liquid-based cytology (LBC) samples improved the diagnostic sensitivity of EC.

Methods: Among 218 individuals who underwent endometrial screening by LBC, 208 samples were analysed by cancer-panel sequencing.

Strong Affinity between Astatine and Silver: An Available Approach to Anchoring At in Nanocarrier for Locoregional Oncotherapy.

Recently, At-related endoradiotherapy has emerged as an important oncotherapy strategy. Conjugating At with a nanocarrier provides a vital candidate for radionuclide therapy of various malignant tumors. In this study, we proposed utilizing the intrinsically high affinity of heavy halogens and sulfhydryl compounds for metallic silver to achieve highly efficient conjugation between At and Ag-based nanoparticles in a simple way.

Impact of advanced endoscopy training on colonoscopy quality and efficiency.

Objectives: Few reports have detailed improvements in the quality of colonoscopies with continuous training post-fellowship completion. We examined the changes in colonoscopy performance among trainees during our advanced endoscopy training program.

Methods: Screening or surveillance colonoscopies performed by 11 trainees who participated in our 3-year advanced endoscopy training program between April 2015 and March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.

Real-world trends in acute viral hepatitis in Japan: A nationwide questionnaire-based survey.

Aim: The actual incidence of acute viral hepatitis in Japan remains unclear. We aimed to investigate trends in the incidence of acute hepatitis B and C infections in Japan.

Methods: A nationwide, multicenter, retrospective questionnaire-based survey was conducted.

Clinical impact of the use of chronic suppressive antibiotics against recurrent ventricular assist device infections.

Unlabelled: Ventricular assist device (VAD) infections are frequent causes of hospital readmission. The risk factors and optimal preventive strategies for such, including chronic suppressive antibiotics (CSA), remain uncertain. We performed a single-center, retrospective, observational cohort study assessing continuous flow VAD recipients who underwent implantation between 2008 and 2018 in Japan.

Comparison of robotic versus laparoscopic total gastrectomy for gastric cancer: A single-center retrospective cohort study in a Japanese high-volume center.

Background: Robotic-assisted surgery has become increasingly popular worldwide in recent years. This study aimed to compare the surgical outcomes of robotic total gastrectomy (RTG) and laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) to figure out the advantages of RTG.

Methods: The eligible cases in this study were patients who underwent RTG or LTG for gastric adenocarcinoma at our hospital from January 2014 to December 2022.

Mechanistic Insights into the Effect of Sodium Iodide on Copper-Mediated Iododeboronation.

The copper-catalyzed Chan-Evans-Lam (CEL) coupling reaction advances carbon-heteroatom cross-coupling and has facilitated the development of radiohalogenation methodologies in radiochemistry. This study investigated the mechanisms and side reactions of CEL iodination under conditions relevant to radiosynthesis and typical organic synthesis, focusing on the effects of sodium iodide. The concentrations of copper and iodide, as well as the copper-to-iodide ratio, were identified as significant factors for successful copper-mediated CEL iodination, influencing the reaction mechanisms and side reactions.