4,951 results match your criteria: "Adrenal Disease and Pregnancy"

ITP in pregnancy: diagnostics and therapeutics in 2024.

Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program

December 2024

Division of Hematology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.

Thrombocytopenia will occur in 10% of pregnancies-ranging from the clinically benign to processes that can threaten both mother and fetus. Accurately identifying the specific etiology and appropriate clinical management is challenging due to the breadth of possible diagnoses and the potential of shared features among them. Further complicating diagnostic certainty is the lack of confirmatory testing for most possible pathophysiologies.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Dysregulation of the HPA axis due to chronic stress during pregnancy and parenthood can negatively affect the health of parents and children.
  • Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) is a useful long-term indicator of cortisol levels, reflecting chronic stress over several months as opposed to shorter assessments.
  • Two longitudinal studies found that higher chronic stress is linked to increased HCC in pregnant women and mothers, revealing that different stressors (like work, family demands, and discrimination) can uniquely affect cortisol levels during the perinatal period and postpartum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Long-Read Sequencing Identifying the Genetic Complexity of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in the Pedigree.

Mol Genet Genomic Med

November 2024

Department of Medical Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis, Sichuan Provincial Women's and Children's Hospital, the Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Article Synopsis
  • High sequence similarity between CYP21A2 and CYP21A1P complicates genetic diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD), making traditional testing unreliable.
  • The study utilized long-read sequencing (LRS) to accurately identify genetic deletions and duplications in a pregnant woman’s fetus suspected to have the severe salt-wasting form of 21-OHD.
  • LRS not only clarified the genotypes of family members, enhancing disease management, but it also underscored its potential for pre-pregnancy genetic testing to identify risks and guide treatment options effectively.*
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * Clinical manifestations of CAH vary widely, from severe salt-wasting forms risking adrenal crisis to milder forms that show hyperandrogenism without major hormonal deficiencies.
  • * CAH in 46,XX fetuses can cause excessive androgen exposure, resulting in virilization and potential complications with gender identity and fertility later in life, raising considerations for gender transition decisions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Pregnancy is a very complex and highly stressful time in women. Despite the high prevalence of postpartum depression, more than 50 % of mothers are undiagnosed or untreated, showing an urgent need to explore an effective preventive strategy. Regular physical activity has been suggested to be associated with an increased quality of life in pregnant and postpartum women.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * The most important things to differentiate when finding thyroid-like tissue in the adrenal gland include thyroid cancer metastasis, teratomas, and ectopic thyroid tissue itself.
  • * This case report details an adrenal incidentaloma found in a young pregnant woman, marking it as the first documented instance of ETTAG from the Indian subcontinent and the largest case recorded to date.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage in a postpartum woman with multiple thromboemboli: A case report.

J Med Case Rep

October 2024

Department of Endocrinology, Monash Health, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC, Australia.

Background: Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage is a rare but often a fatal cause of primary adrenal insufficiency that can result in adrenal crisis if not identified and managed appropriately.

Case Presentation: We present a case of a 27-year-old Caucasian female who was admitted to the hospital 17 days postpartum with pleuritic chest and flank pain, shortness of breath and nausea. Computed tomography imaging confirmed multiple thromboemboli including pulmonary emboli and noted bilateral bulky adrenal glands.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) face fertility challenges due to hormonal imbalances, with women experiencing menstrual irregularities and reduced fertility linked to surgeries and hormonal therapy, particularly in classic CAH cases.
  • Men with CAH may deal with fertility issues from conditions like hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism, but proper hormone treatment can potentially restore sperm production.
  • Ethical concerns arise with prenatal treatments like dexamethasone in female fetuses to prevent virilization, highlighting the need for ongoing research, as seen in the international "PREDICT" study focused on effective prenatal CAH treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Update on clinical characteristics in the evaluation of phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma.

Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab

December 2024

Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Article Synopsis
  • Pheochromocytomas and sympathetic paragangliomas (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors that can be difficult to diagnose due to their varied symptoms, which often resemble other conditions.
  • These tumors have shifted from being diagnosed mostly after death to being discovered incidentally or through screening, thanks to improved clinical scoring systems that help identify at-risk patients.
  • Management of PPGL has advanced with new treatment options, but it remains a significant concern in pregnant patients due to high mortality risks, emphasizing the need for increased awareness and prompt diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

"An update on the approach to treatment of Sjogren's Disease in pregnancy".

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med

December 2024

Jersey City Medical Center, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • Women with Sjögren's Disease face more pregnancy complications like hypertension, preterm delivery, and fetal growth issues compared to those without the disease.
  • A significant concern is fetal autoimmune congenital heart block (ACHB), which can lead to severe outcomes like intrauterine fetal death and long-term developmental issues.
  • The study emphasizes the importance of regular fetal echocardiograms for early detection of ACHB and discusses updated management strategies based on recent research findings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: A single-center observational study to determine the clinical characteristics and therapeutic dose adjustments in women of reproductive age with infertility and non-classical 21-hydroxylase deficiency (NC-21OHD).

Design: A retrospective analysis of 20 women of reproductive age who were diagnosed with NC-21OHD during an infertility evaluation at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January 2013 to May 2024 was performed. The clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations, adjustment of glucocorticoid (GC) treatment during preconception and perinatal period, and pregnancy outcomes were analyzed.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Primary aldosteronism is linked to increased cardiovascular risks and can affect young adults' arterial health and heart structure before clinical symptoms appear.
  • This study used data from the Raine Study, analyzing young adults at ages 17 and 27 to investigate the relationships between aldosterone levels, arterial stiffness, and left ventricular mass index (LVMI).
  • Results showed that females had higher aldosterone-to-renin ratios than males, and notable associations were found between aldosterone levels and LVMI in males at age 27.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

We present the case of a 32-year-old pregnant woman in the 32 + 3 weeks of pregnancy who presented to the hospital with an exacerbation of pain in the right flank. The diagnostic evaluation revealed the presence of severe anemia and a spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage (SAH) in the right adrenal gland. The patient was transferred to the Perinatology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic with the intention of undergoing preterm childbirth.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) commonly affects patients of reproductive age. The effect of disease activity on the outcome of pregnancy and its impact on neonatal health are areas of intense research.

Methods: Α national retrospective study of pregnancies in women with IBD between 2010 and 2020 was carried out in 22 IBD reference centers in Greece.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study examined how chronic prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) affects pain responses to mechanical and thermal stimuli in rats, comparing a control group and an experimental group exposed to ethanol during gestation.
  • Results showed that while control rats exhibited decreased pain sensitivity over time, those with PAE had higher pain thresholds, especially for mechanical stimuli shortly after birth.
  • The study suggests that differences in pain pathways and disruptions in the nervous system balance may explain these altered responses, highlighting the need for more research on the mechanisms behind pain perception in individuals exposed to alcohol before birth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Maternal primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) during pregnancy, caused by Addison disease or congenital adrenal hyperplasia, is rare, and there's limited research on its effects on fetal and neonatal outcomes.
  • A systematic review and meta-analysis examined 31 studies, 11 of which were quantitatively analyzed, focusing on outcomes like spontaneous abortion, preterm birth, and small for gestational age (SGA) neonates.
  • Results showed higher rates of spontaneous abortions (18%), preterm births (11% overall), and SGA neonates (8% overall) in women with PAI compared to controls, although fetal birth weights remained normal across all groups studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The clinical manifestation and treatment of Meniere's Disease from the viewpoint of the water homeostasis of the inner ear.

Auris Nasus Larynx

September 2024

Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan. Electronic address:

Endolymphatic hydrops, a pathological feature of Ménière's disease, has been experimentally and clinically confirmed to be influenced by the blood circulation of vasopressin (VP). VP is a well-known hormonal regulator of water homeostasis. In addition, VP is influenced by various environmental changes, dehydration, fluctuation of atmospheric pressure, pregnancy, and other factors.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Literature on pregnancy outcomes for individuals with a solitary kidney is limited and mainly derived from renal donors.
  • Unilateral renal agenesis, a condition affecting 1 in 1500 people, can lead to complications like resistant hypertension during pregnancy.
  • The case presented discusses the use of Eplerenone, an aldosterone blocker, to manage resistant hypertension in a pregnant patient with secondary hyperaldosteronism linked to renal agenesis.*
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The characterization of developmental toxicity in fetal offspring induced by acetaminophen exposure during pregnancy.

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf

September 2024

Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan 430071, China. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • A study on prenatal acetaminophen exposure (PAcE) in pregnant mice found that it can negatively impact the development of multiple organs in offspring, particularly during the second trimester.
  • The research revealed that PAcE led to adverse pregnancy outcomes, altered blood phenotypes, and inhibited critical processes like synaptic development in the hippocampus and hormone synthesis.
  • Results indicated that male fetuses were more affected, and higher doses or multiple exposures resulted in greater developmental toxicity, highlighting the need for awareness around acetaminophen use in pregnancy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PBMAH) is a rare cause of Cushing's syndrome. Individuals with PBMAH and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)-dependent Cushing's syndrome due to ectopic expression of the GIP receptor (GIPR) typically harbor inactivating KDM1A sequence variants. Primary unilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PUMAH) with concomitant glucocorticoid and androgen excess has never been encountered or studied.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF