Biological activities of selected basidiomycetes from Yemen.

In a previous paper we demonstrated the results of biological screening of Yemeni basidiomycetes. The present study was aimed to investigate the antimicrobial and the antioxidant activity of further basidiomycetes collected in Yemen. Dichloromethane, methanol and aqueous extracts of the fruiting bodies of 25 species were screened in vitro for their antibacterial activities against three Gram-positive bacteria (Staphyloccocus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus flavus) and two Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa), against six human fungal pathogens (Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Aspergillus fumigatus, Mucor sp.

Hematological malignancies in Al-amal oncology unit, aden.

The hematological malignancies (HM) are group of neoplasms that arise through malignant transformation of bone marrow derived cells. The great diversity seen in this group of disorders is a reflection of the complexity of normal hematopoiesis and the immune system. In the current study, the author retrospectively studied HM patients from 2008 to 2010, and compared with prevalence of solid tumor, and found HM represented one-fifth of all malignancies managed in the Oncology Unit, and lymphomas were the commonest HM.

Emotional abuse towards children by schoolteachers in Aden Governorate, Yemen: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Emotional abuse is central to other forms of abuse. The primary objective of this paper was to estimate the prevalence of emotional abuse among pupils in basic education schools and the risk factors associated with it in Aden governorate, Yemen.

Methods: Four districts were randomly selected from across the governorate of Aden, 2 schools were selected at random in each district, and then 1066 pupils were randomly selected from the 8 schools.

Prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections and associated factors among blood donors in Aden City, Yemen.

This study determined the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV ) and associated risk factors among blood donors in Aden city, Yemen. A systematic sample of 469 male blood donors was selected from those attending the national blood bank service in Aden between June and October 2007. Data were collected by questionnaire and blood samples collected.

Utility of plasma transferrin receptor, ferritin and inflammatory markers in children with sickle cell disease.

Background: Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) is generally unaffected by inflammatory status, whereas ferritin increases along with acute-phase proteins. The utility of these iron biomarkers in relation to inflammatory markers in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) with differing grades of severity is unclear.

Objectives: To describe iron biomarker profiles and inflammatory responses in relation to disease severity in children with SCD.

Molecular markers of anti-malarial drug resistance in Lahj Governorate, Yemen: baseline data and implications.

Background: This is an investigation of anti-malarial molecular markers coupled with a therapeutic efficacy test of chloroquine (CQ) against falciparum malaria in an area of unstable malaria in Lahj Governorate, Yemen. The study was aimed at assessment of therapeutic response to CQ and elucidation of baseline information on molecular markers for Plasmodium falciparum resistance against CQ and sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP).

Methods: Between 2002 and 2003 the field test was conducted according to the standard WHO protocol to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of CQ in 124 patients with falciparum malaria in an endemic area in Lahj Governorate in Yemen.

Seroepidemiology and risk factors of hepatitis B virus in Aden, Yemen.

Background: There is little published data concerning hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Aden and no data concerning risk factors for infection. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HBV infection and risk factors for infection in Aden, Yemen.

Methods: A prospective cross sectional survey of individuals attending primary health care facilities was stratified by age and population size.

Epidemiology of nocturnal enuresis in basic schoolchildren in Aden Governorate, Yemen.

Nocturnal enuresis is a common problem among children and adolescents. Data regarding this problem in schoolchildren in Yemen are scarce. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of nocturnal incontinence in Aden school going children, describe its severity and identify the relation between nocturnal enuresis with personal and family characteristics.

Growth in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease in Yemen.

Background: Physical growth is known to be impaired in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) and the prevalence and severity vary with geographical location. The factors which contribute to this sub-optimal growth are poorly understood.

Objectives: To describe the growth status of children and adolescents with SCD in Yemen using the new WHO reference values and to assess correlation of growth indicators with disease severity and with haematological and biochemical parameters.

Immunization coverage and its determinants among children 12-23 months of age in Aden, Yemen.

Objective: To assess the immunization status of children aged 12-23 months and its determinants in Aden, Yemen.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted between March and July 2007 during which time mothers of 680 children from 37 randomly selected clusters in Aden, were interviewed. Information on socio-demographic profiles and children`s immunization status was obtained.

Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among hemodialysis patients in a single center in Yemen.

To evaluate the prevalence of anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) among the hemodialysis patients and to identify the risk factors of infection in relation to age, sex, blood transfusions, duration of dialysis and primary cause of end stage-kidney disease. We studied 51 patients who were on chronic hemodialysis (HD) at the Al-Gamhourea Teaching Hospital, Aden, Yemen, during Jan-Dec 2007. All the patients were tested for anti-HCV antibody, and we used 100 healthy blood donors as controls.

Daytime urinary incontinence among kindergarten children in Aden Governorate, 2003.

Daytime urinary incontinence is an involuntary or intentional voiding of urine in an awake child who is old enough to have developed control, and has a variable prevalence throughout the world. In Yemen, data regarding this problem are almost absent. In this study from the capital city of Aden, we aimed to: (1) determine the prevalence of daytime incontinence in kindergarten children aged 4-6 years, (2) identify the relation between daytime enuresis with personal and family characteristics of the children studied, and (3) describe the severity and characteristics of daytime enuresis in the studied children.

Five years cancer incidence in Aden Cancer Registry, Yemen (2002-2006).

The population-based Aden Cancer Registry (ACR) started its activities in 1997. The objective of the registry is to establish a reliable magnitude of cancer in the area covered and the first report was published in 2003. The present article describes data from the second report of cancer incidence over a five year period (2002-2006).

Seroepidemiology of hepatitis A and hepatitis E viruses in Aden, Yemen.

The burden of hepatitis A (HAV) and hepatitis E (HEV) infection is unknown in Aden, Yemen. This survey describes the prevalence of antibodies against HAV and HEV among individuals attending primary health care facilities in Aden, Yemen. Five hundred and thirty eight participants, stratified by age and district population size, were enrolled and screened for anti-HAV and 356 for anti-HEV antibodies.

Frequency of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism in Yemeni children with sickle cell disease.

The frequency of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase enzyme (MTHFR) C677T mutation was determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and with measurement of plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), folate, vitamins B6, B12 and disease severity in 102 SS children from Yemen. The homozygous TT genotype for MTHFR C677T was present in 2% (2/102), and heterozygous CT in 10.8% (11/102), giving an allele frequency of 7.

Qualitative study on the Community Perception of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) Implementation in Lahej, Yemen.

Objectives: This qualitative study was aimed at exploring the perceptions of community leaders and mothers about health services and community actions pertaining to child health in Lahej, Yemen since the Implementation of Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI) in 2003.

Methods: Face-to-face, semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with six community leaders and seven mothers in 2007 in the three districts of Lahej Governorate, Yemen, that are implementing IMCI.

Results: Neither group was aware of IMCI, but had "positive perception to the services.

Methanol fractionations of Catha edulis Frosk (Celastraceae) contracted Lewis rat aorta in vitro: a comparison between crimson and green leaves.

The study investigated the effect of methanol extract and its fractionations obtained from Yemeni khat on the smooth muscle isometric tension in Lewis rat aortal ring preparations and compared the effects of the crimson and green leaves. Khat leaves were sorted into green (khat Light; KL) and crimson (khat Dark; KD) leaves, extracted with methanol, followed with solvent-solvent extraction (benzene, chloroform and ethylacetate). The contractile activity of the fractions was tested using aortal ring preparations.

Mental health in Yemen: obstacles and challenges.

The Republic of Yemen, on the south-western coast of the Arabian Peninsula, was formed in 1990 when North and South Yemen united. Yemen covers 527 970 km. The capital is Sana'a.

Growth and nutritional status of children with homozygous sickle cell disease.

Background: Poor growth and under-nutrition are common in children with sickle cell disease (SCD). This review summarises evidence of nutritional status in children with SCD in relation to anthropometric status, disease severity, body composition, energy metabolism, micronutrient deficiency and endocrine dysfunction.

Methods: A literature search was conducted on the Medline/PUBMED, SCOPUS, SciELO and LILACS databases to July 2007 using the keywords sickle cell combined with nutrition, anthropometry, growth, height and weight, body mass index, and specific named micronutrients.

A pilot study on the effect of Catha edulis Frosk., (Celastraceae) on metabolic syndrome in WOKW rats.

This study investigated the effect of Catha edulis (khat) on some important parameters of the metabolic syndrome in Wistar Ottawa Karlsburg W (WOKW) rat. The animals were fed with the standard chow containing 5% air dried pulverized khat leaves for 14 days; followed by the standard chow for 16 days. The khat leaves were sorted into green (khat light; KL) and crimson (khat dark; KD) leaves.

Clinical profile of sickle cell disease in Yemeni children.

Unlabelled: The clinical spectrum of sickle cell disease (SCD) in the Arabian Peninsula varies widely. This is the first report in Yemeni children.

Methods: A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was undertaken in Al-Wahada Teaching Hospital in Aden of children under 16 years with homozygous (SS) SCD.

Use of double-J stents prior to extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is not beneficial: results of a prospective randomized study.

Objectives: Since introduction of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) in treating patients with urinary tract stones in our clinic for the first time in our city Aden 5 years ago, we stented all patients with kidney stone >1 cm routinely before the procedure. Our aim of this study is to compare symptoms and complications of patients with and without stenting.

Patients And Methods: In 2003, 120 patients with renal stone(s) amenable to ESWL management were prospectively treated in two groups: stented (60 patients) and unstented (60 patients).

Antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of selected medicinal plants from Yemen.

Ninety crude extracts, including dichloromethane, methanol and aqueous extracts from 30 medicinal plants used in the Yemeni ethnomedicine to treat common infections, were screened in vitro for antimicrobial activities against three Gram-positive bacteria and two Gram-negative bacteria, Candida maltosa and five opportunistic human fungal pathogens (two yeasts, three hyphomycetes). Most of the plants showed antibacterial activities. Extracts from Tamarindus indica flowers and Ficus vasta fruits have been the most active.

Spinal block complications in obstetrics and gynecology patients.

Objective: To determine spinal complications during and after surgery in obstetrics and gynecological patients.

Methods: We conducted a descriptive study in Al-Wahda and Aden Teaching Hospitals in Aden, Yemen from March 2004 to March 2005. One hundred and fifty obstetrics and gynecological patients were enrolled.