Standardized traction versus side-bending radiographs in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a preliminary study.

The aim of this study was to develop a new type of preoperative flexibility test for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The objective was to develop a test that was standardized and allow for the measurement of in-vivo forces required for curve correction. It was undertaken to compare the results of this new test with side-bending radiographs.

Time to surgical review: an assessment of the traditional model of emergency surgical care.

Background: The traditional model for emergency surgical care consists of an on-call team providing service to the emergency department, while simultaneously balancing the demands of elective work. Various newer models, such as the "surgeon of the week" aim to reduce the conflict between elective and emergency duties. Despite the recent focus on newer models, there remains no data on the effectiveness of the traditional model.

Establishing a family risk assessment clinic for breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting European women and the leading cause of cancer-related death. A total of 15-20% of women who develop breast cancer have a family history and 5-10% a true genetic predisposition. The identification and screening of women at increased risk may allow early detection of breast cancer and improve prognosis.

A historical perspective of Helicobacter gastroduodenitis and its complications.

The discovery of Helicobacter pylori was one of the most notable in gastroenterology - and indeed medicine. The century before Marshall and Warren's discovery is peppered with isolated accounts of spiral-shaped bacteria in the stomach. The discovery of H.

Antithrombotic and interventional treatment options in cardioembolic transient ischaemic attack and ischaemic stroke.

Peer-reviewed data pertaining to anti-thrombotic and interventional therapy for transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or ischaemic stroke patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, interatrial septal abnormalities, or left ventricular thrombus were reviewed. Long-term oral anticoagulant therapy with warfarin is the treatment of choice for secondary stroke prevention following TIA or minor ischaemic stroke in association with persistent or paroxysmal non-valvular atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter. If warfarin is contraindicated, long-term aspirin is a safe, but much less effective alternative treatment option in this subgroup of patients with cerebrovascular disease.

Pulse oximetry during gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures.

Objective: To determine the changes in oxygen saturation, blood pressure and pulse rate during various endoscopic procedures and to find out the risk factors for these changes.

Design: Observational study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Department of Gastroenterology, Shaikh Zayed Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan from June 2001 to December 2001 were included in the study.