Forensic mental health in Kuwait: filling the gaps.

The case of (1843) laid out the insanity defence test for the British legal system. Later, many countries basing their criminal legislation on the British common law system, including the Criminal Act of Kuwait, adopted the test. The Act forms the basis for forensic psychiatric assessments.

Targeted distribution of nicotine patches by mail to rural regions of Canada: Predictors of patch use.

Introduction: Rural regions generally report higher smoking rates than urban centers, which increases the risk of tobacco related harms and consequences, and makes promoting smoking cessation in these areas a priority. Mass distribution of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) by postal mail has been found to increase the odds of successful cessation attempts. Understanding factors that contribute to the use of NRT could help maximize this intervention's effectiveness.

The safety and efficacy of cannabinoids for the treatment of mental health and substance use disorders: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

There has been a global increase in the use of cannabinoids as a treatment for mental health (MH) and substance use disorders (SUD). In 2016, an Australian government-funded review found that although medicinal cannabinoids accounted for a small reduction in MH symptoms, the results varied according to study design. There has since been a rise in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) aiming to examine the efficacy of cannabinoids for the treatment of MH and SUD.

Consent and violence amongst men in the context of sexualised drug use: A systematic scoping review.

Sexualised drug use (SDU) is a highly prevalent phenomenon of increasing public health significance in communities of men who have sex with men (MSM). This prospectively registered PRISMA-ScR-adherent systematic scoping review examines the current state of knowledge surrounding violence amongst MSM in the context of SDU. A broad search was conducted across four databases, with no restrictions.

Novel Lipid Formulation Increases Absorption of Oral Cannabidiol (CBD).

: Cannabidiol (CBD) is an approved treatment for childhood epilepsies and a candidate treatment for several other CNS disorders. However, it has poor oral bioavailability. We investigated the effect of a novel lipid formulation on its absorption in humans and on its tissue distribution in mice.

Neurobehavioral disorders among children born to mothers exposed to illicit substances during pregnancy.

Background: Exposure to illicit substances during pregnancy may have long-term impacts on children's neurodevelopment. This study explores subsequent risks for intellectual disability, autistic disorders, and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders in children born to mothers exposed to illicit substances before or during pregnancy.

Methods: We identified women with illicit drug use by linking the police records from the "Substance Abuse Control Databases" and Taiwan Birth Registration and Birth Notification records from 2004 to 2014.

Inpatient detoxification for alcohol and other drug use: qualitative study of patients' accounts of their relationships with staff.

Background: The therapeutic alliance is an important predictor of treatment outcomes but people who use alcohol and other drugs report mixed views of treatment providers. We analysed patients' accounts of inpatient detoxification staff to ascertain whether, and if so how, relationships with them, and thus the therapeutic alliance, might be improved.

Methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted (in 2022/2023) with 20 people (14 males; 6 females) who had just completed inpatient detoxification in sixteen different facilities.

Does perceived vaping addiction predict subsequent vaping cessation behaviour among adults who use nicotine vaping products regularly?

Background: This study aimed to investigate whether perceived vaping addiction is a predictor of quitting nicotine vaping product (NVP) use among adults who have ever smoked and currently vape exclusively or predominantly in four countries: Australia, Canada, the US, and England.

Method: Data analysed (n = 574) came from participants (aged 18 + ) who completed the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Smoking and Vaping survey in 2018 and again in 2020. Baseline inclusion criteria were: (1) currently not smoking or non-daily smoking; and (2) using NVPs daily/weekly for a period of at least 4 months.

Does Self-Reported smoking cessation fatigue predict making quit attempts and sustained abstinence among adults who smoke Regularly?

Background: Quitting smoking is difficult and many people who smoke experience cessation fatigue (CF) as a result of multiple failed attempts. This study examined the association of CF with making and sustaining a smoking quit attempt.

Methods: Data analysed were 4,139 adults (aged 18 years or older) who smoked daily or weekly and participated in the 2018 and 2020 International Tobacco Control Four Country Smoking and Vaping Surveys (ITC 4CV) conducted in Australia, Canada, England, and the US.

Overdose Detection Among High-Risk Opioid Users Via a Wearable Chest Sensor in a Supervised Injecting Facility: Protocol for an Observational Study.

Background: Opioid overdose is a global health crisis, affecting over 27 million individuals worldwide, with more than 100,000 drug overdose deaths in the United States in 2022-2023. This protocol outlines the development of the PneumoWave chest biosensor, a wearable device being designed to detect respiratory depression in real time through chest motion measurement, intending to enhance early intervention and thereby reduce fatalities.

Objective: The study aims to (1) differentiate opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD) from nonfatal opioid use patterns to develop and refine an overdose detection algorithm and (2) examine participants' acceptability of the chest biosensor.

Integrated Motivational Strategies for Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrators with Substance Use: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators with alcohol and/or other drug use problems (ADUPs) have been identified as one of the main high-risk and highly resistant groups of perpetrators requiring special attention in intervention programs for IPV perpetrators. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed to evaluate whether an individualized motivational plan adjusted to ADUPs (IMP-ADUPs) was superior to standard motivational strategies (IMP) in reducing ADUPs, and IPV and increasing treatment adherence in IPV perpetrators. Data from a full sample of IPV perpetrators ( = 140) and a subsample of participants with ADUPs ( = 55) were collected at pre- and post-intervention and 12-month follow-up.

Long-Acting Injectable Buprenorphine for Opioid Use Disorder: A Qualitative Analysis of Patients' Interpersonal Relationships during the First Year of Treatment.

Long-acting injectable buprenorphine (LAIB) is a new treatment for opioid use disorder. Drawing upon new materialism and the concept of social capital, this article provides a focused analysis of how LAIB affects, and is affected by, patients' relationships with other people. Data derive from a longitudinal qualitative study.

Lifestyle modification for mental health and well-being.

Background: Unhealthy life-style leads to mental ill-health and poor quality of life and is the major determinant of a wide range of lifestyle disorders. The aim was to 1) review the work relating to life style modification for promoting mental health and 2) Present recommendations on life-style modification for mental health and wellbeing.

Material And Methods: The work on life style changes for promotion of mental health was retrieved from the scientific literature and critically reviewed.

Prolonged Fatigue and Mental Health Challenges in Critical COVID-19 Survivors.

The aim of this study was to investigate the development of fatigue and mental illness between 3 and 12 months after critical COVID-19 and explore risk factors for long-lasting symptoms. A prospective, multicenter COVID-19 study in southern Sweden, including adult patients (≥18 years) with rtPCR-confirmed COVID-19 requiring intensive care. Survivors were invited to a follow-up at 3 and 12 months, where patient-reported symptoms were assessed using the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist version 5 (PCL-5).

Sexualized drug use and chemsex: A bibliometric and content analysis of published literature.

Sexualized drug use (SDU) describes drug-facilitated sexual enhancement, and chemsex is an SDU subculture involving the use of specific drugs by men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aimed to identify research trends, foci, and themes within the SDU and chemsex-specific literature. The Web of Science Core Collection was searched with a list of SDU synonyms.

Use of disposable e-cigarettes among youth who vape in Canada, England and the United States: Repeat cross-sectional surveys, 2017-2023.

Aims: To measure changes over time (between 2017 and 2023) in disposable e-cigarette use and popular brands among youth in Canada, England and the United States (US) who vaped.

Design: Nine waves of repeat cross-sectional data from the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project (ITC) Youth Tobacco and Vaping Survey.

Setting: Online surveys conducted in Canada, England and the US between 2017 and 2023.