Managing tourism pressure: Exploring tourist traffic patterns and seasonality in mountain national parks to alleviate overtourism effects.

Overtourism results in pressure exerted on the natural environment, negative impacts on local communities and lower tourist satisfaction in many protected areas (PAs). This phenomenon has become an increasingly important issue in the management of national parks (NPs) in Poland, especially the mountain ones. Countering and alleviating the effects of overtourism requires developing appropriate management strategies based on the detailed analysis of tourism monitoring data.

Better Together: Photoredox/Copper Dual Catalysis in Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization.

Photomediated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (photoATRP) is an activator regeneration method, which allows for the controlled synthesis of well-defined polymers via light irradiation. Traditional photoATRP is often limited by the need for high-energy ultraviolet or violet light. These could negatively affect the control and selectivity of the polymerization, promote side reactions, and may not be applicable to biologically relevant systems.

To begin the world anew: Epistolary lessons on aging into old age by 4th earl of Chesterfield.

Philip Dormer Stanhope (1694-1773), 4th Earl of Chesterfield, is both a witness of and an agent in the most important transformations in eighteenth-century England. While his Letters to His Son and Letters to His Godson have been examined in the context of his advice on polite behavior, 'the art of pleasing' and masculinity, Chesterfield's correspondence has not been fully explored in terms of its conceptualization of late life. Since the proper performance of aging and observance of its decorum are part and parcel of polite conduct, the management of this psychosomatic phenomenon is a valuable part of lessons on deportment.

Synthesis, X-ray studies and antiproliferative activity of novel lasalocid amides.

Seeking new drug candidates among compounds of natural origin is an effective and widely used method of fighting various diseases, especially cancer. Lasalocid acid is one of the naturally occurring polyether ionophore antibiotics, which also exhibits interesting anticancer activity. Therefore, to expand the knowledge about the anticancer properties of lasalocid derivatives, a series of its new amides were synthesized and their antiproliferative activity against cancer cell lines was studied.

The use of assistive technology to promote practical skills in persons with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disabilities: A systematic review.

Persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and/or intellectual disability (ID) have difficulties in planning, organising and coping with change, which impedes the learning of daily living skills (DLSs), social participation and self-management across different environmental settings. Assistive technologies (ATs) is a broad term encompassing devices and services designed to support individuals with disabilities, and if used in a self-controlled manner, they may contribute inclusion in all domains of participation. This comprehensive literature review aims to critically assess and unify existing research that investigates the use of assistive technology within the practical domain for individuals with ASD and/or ID.

The Role of Freeze-Drying as a Multifunctional Process in Improving the Properties of Hydrogels for Medical Use.

Freeze-drying is a dehydration method that extends the shelf life and stability of drugs, vaccines, and biologics. Recently, its role has expanded beyond preservation to improve novel pharmaceuticals and their carriers, such as hydrogels, which are widely studied for both drug delivery and wound healing. The main aim of this study was to explore the multifunctional role of freeze-drying in improving the physicochemical properties of sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol)-based hydrogels for medical applications.

The Hypothesis of Trace Elements Involvement in the Coronary Arteries Atherosclerotic Plaques' Location.

: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a chronic inflammatory disease with multiple well-known risk factors. Although epidemiological studies report improvements in classical CAD risk-factor control, except for diabetes and obesity, cardiovascular diseases remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the current population. The question regarding the atherosclerotic plaque location in particular arteries remains unanswered.

Modular Synthesis of New Metalloid-Substituted Olefins from Diboryl(Silyl)Ethenes via Suzuki-Miyaura Reactions.

A novel approach towards synthesizing new metalloid-substituted olefins has been accomplished by transforming ()-1,2-diboryl-1-silylethenes through two consecutive Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions. This methodology provides an effective and selective way to obtain new, structurally different products, such as ()-1-silyl-1-boryl-2-arylethens, (1)-1-silyl-1-boryl-2-alkenylethens, and ()-1-silyl-1-aryl-2-arylethenes, which are difficult to synthesize through hydrometallation reactions and related processes. Due to the presence of reactive motifs (silyl group, Bpin moiety, and C-H bond) in the structure of the final products, these molecules might be considered powerful building blocks in modern chemistry.

The Roles of RNA Modifications in Regulating Chloroplast Performance and Photosynthesis Efficiency.

The regulation of gene expression is crucial for maintaining cellular activities and responding to environmental stimuli. RNA molecules are central to this regulatory network, influencing transcription, post-transcriptional processing, and translation. Recent advancements have expanded our understanding of RNA modifications beyond the nucleus, highlighting their impact on chloroplast function and photosynthesis efficiency.

Longitudinal Insights into the Mental Health of Healthcare Workers: Emotional Shifts During Two Years of the COVID-19 Crisis.

Objective: Numerous studies have highlighted the prevalence of mental health disorders among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic, with varying indications of emotional strain. This study compares the psychological functioning of healthcare workers at the onset of the pandemic and two years later, offering a comprehensive assessment of their emotional and mental health status in the evolving context of COVID-19.

Methods: This longitudinal analysis examined the relationship between stress, emotional processing, and their positive/negative impacts on medical personnel working in Polish hospitals and outpatient clinics in 2020 ( = 285) and 2022 ( = 252).

Molecular and Environmental Determinants of Addictive Substances.

Knowledge about determinants of addiction in people taking addictive substances is poor and needs to be supplemented. The novelty of this paper consists in the analysis of innovative aspects of current research about relationships between determinants of addiction in Polish patients taking addictive substances and rare available data regarding the relationships between these factors from studies from recent years from other environments, mainly in Europe, and on the development of genetic determinants of physiological responses. We try to explain the role of the microelements Mn, Fe, Cu, Co, Zn, Cr, Ni, Tl, Se, Al, B, Mo, V, Sn, Sb, Ag, Sr, and Ba, the toxic metals Cd, Hg, As, and Pb, and the rare earth elements Sc, La, Ce, Pr, Eu, Gd, and Nd as factors that may shape the development of addiction to addictive substances or drugs.

Longitudinal study of metacognition's role in self-efficacy and hope development.

Self-regulation is a critical component of adaptive functioning, and individual differences in traits like metacognitive self-awareness (MCS), general self-efficacy (GSE), and hope play significant roles in influencing this ability. Self-awareness of cognitive biases is particularly relevant as it may enhance one's capacity to manage challenges and pursue goals effectively. Prior research suggests that higher levels of MCS are associated with improved self-regulation, greater self-efficacy, and stronger hope for success.

Unexpected Formation of a Chiral spiro-system in the Reaction of the Dilithium Derivative of Hexafluorocumyl Alcohol with N-(t-butylsulfenyl)phthalimide.

An unexpected course of the reaction of hexafluorocumyl alcohol dilithium derivative 2 with N-(t-butylsulfenyl)phthalimide (3) has been presented. The process proceeded under mild conditions and resulted in previously undescribed chiral spiro-system- 3',3'-bis(trifluoromethyl)-3H,3'H-1,1'-spirobis(isobenzofuran)-3-one (5) as the only product. A detailed spectral analysis of the product has been provided, and mechanistic aspects have been investigated.

Nocturnal playback experiments: The response of two European species of birds to singing of foreign male at night.

Recent studies have shown that nocturnal singing in diurnal birds is a common phenomenon, however, the understanding of the mechanisms, functions and consequences of this behaviour has been lacking. We focused on the night singing of two diurnal songbirds-the yellowhammer and the common chaffinch that are widely distributed in Europe. We conducted day and night playback experiments, during which we broadcast songs of an unfamiliar male to the territory holder at two different stages of the breeding season, to examine whether the night singing in species which normally do not sing at night elicits responses from their conspecifics.

Toxicity and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Organs of Mice Treated with Mesoporous Polydopamine Nanoparticles Modified with Iron and Coated with Cancer Cell Membrane.

Purpose: Polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) have great potential in medicine. Their applications being widely investigated in cancer therapy, imaging, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), and tissue repair. The aim of our study was to assess the in vivo toxicity and changes in oxidative stress biomarkers in organs of animals treated with mesoporous PDA NPs modified with iron (MPDAFe NPs), coated with the cancer cell membrane and loaded with doxorubicin (DOX), and subsequently subjected to PTT.

Impact of water models on the structure and dynamics of enzyme tunnels.

Protein hydration plays a vital role in many biological functions, and molecular dynamics simulations are frequently used to study it. However, the accuracy of these simulations is often sensitive to the water model used, a phenomenon particularly evident in intrinsically disordered proteins. Here, we investigated the extent to which the choice of water model alters the behavior of complex networks of tunnels within proteins.

Environmental degradation and recovery after termination of whaling in sub-Antarctic fjord, South Georgia.

Polar ecosystems are considered very fragile, however, due to the short observation record it is hard to assess the recovery processes of the coastal and fjord environments after a major disturbance. Here, we provide a unique case study from South Georgia (sub-Antarctic), an area seriously affected by the whaling industry. The study focuses on King Edward Cove, serving as a sheltered harbor for the former whaling station at Grytviken, as well as other parts of Cumberland Bay considered to represent generally pristine areas.

2025 Roadmap on 3D Nano-magnetism.

The transition from planar (2D) to three-dimensional (3D) magnetic nanostructures represents a significant advancement in both fundamental research and practical applications, offering vast potential for next-generation technologies like ultrahigh-density storage, memory, logic, and neuromorphic computing. Despite being a relatively new field, the emergence of 3D nanomagnetism presents numerous opportunities for innovation, prompting the creation of a comprehensive roadmap by leading international researchers. This roadmap aims to facilitate collaboration and interdisciplinary dialogue to address challenges in materials science, physics, engineering, and computing.

Perspectives on using peat records to reconstruct past atmospheric Hg levels.

Anthropogenic mercury (Hg) emissions to the atmosphere have increased the concentration of this potent neurotoxin in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The magnitude of regional variation in atmospheric Hg pollution levels raises questions about the interactions between natural processes and human activities at local and regional scales that are shaping global atmospheric Hg cycling. Peatlands are potentially valuable and widespread records of past atmospheric Hg levels that could help address these questions.