The regenerative effect of exosomes isolated from mouse embryonic fibroblasts in mice created as a sciatic nerve crush injury model.

Background: Exosomes (Exos) are candidates for functional recovery and regeneration following sciatic nerve crushed (SNC) injury due to their composition which can accelerate tissue regeneration. Therefore, mouse embryonic fibroblast-derived exosomes were evaluated for their regenerative capacity in SNC injury.

Methods And Results: In the study, 40 Balb/c males (20 ± 5 g) and two pregnant mice (for embryonic fibroblast tissue) were used and crushed injury was induced in the left sciatic nerve with an aneurysm clamp.

Evaluation of ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections and risk factors in children.

Introduction: To evaluate the demographic, clinical, diagnostic, and treatment data of pediatric patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection and risk factors for ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection and recurrence of ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection.

Methods: Patients aged 0-18 years who were diagnosed with ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection at Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine Hospital between 2016 and 2021 were included in the study. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data of the patients were evaluated retrospectively.

Long-term mortality outcomes and mortality predictors in patients with myelomeningocele.

Objective: Despite advances, myelomeningocele remains a major cause of mortality and disability. This study aims to analyze factors influencing mortality and suggest ways to reduce it.

Methods: We reviewed 173 patients who underwent surgery for myelomeningocele from January 2010 to December 2021.

Beyond the operating room: addressing the "second-victim" phenomenon in surgical practice.

Complications are plausible events during surgical operations. Surgical complications profoundly impact surgeons, often called "second victims" of adverse events. These complications trigger a range of emotional and psychological responses, including guilt, anxiety, heightened empathy, and the looming threat of burnout.

Mandibular morphology in schizophrenia patients compared with non-psychiatric controls using digital panoramic radiography: a retrospective cross-sectional study from Istanbul, Türkiye.

Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic severe mental disorder characterized by impairment in cognition, emotion, perception, and other aspects of behavior. In light of the association of craniofacial dysmorphology with schizophrenia, mandibular morphology may provide clues about the role of neurodevelopment in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to compare the mandibular morphology of patients with schizophrenia with controls using digital panoramic radiography (DPR).

Crista Galli Morphology in Fetuses.

Objective: To determine alterations in the crista galli (CG) size in fetuses with advancing weeks.

Methods: Skull bases of 32 fetuses (11 males/21 females) aged 17 to 32 weeks in utero were included in the study. The width (width of CG), height (height of CG), and length (length of CG) of CG were measured, and also olfactory fossa depth (OFD) was measured to determine the relation of CG with OFD.

Machine learning and radiomics for ventricular tachyarrhythmia prediction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: insights from an MRI-based analysis.

Background: Myocardial fibrosis is often detected in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), which causes left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and tachyarrhythmias.

Purpose: To evaluate the potential value of a machine learning (ML) approach that uses radiomic features from late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and cine images for the prediction of ventricular tachyarrhythmia (VT) in patients with HCM.

Material And Methods: Hyperenhancing areas of LV myocardium on LGE images were manually segmented, and the segmentation was propagated to corresponding areas on cine images.

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: Key Points for Safer Surgery.

To review measures for safer functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). PubMed, EBSCO, UpToDate, Proquest Central at Kırıkkale University, Google, and Google Scholar were used in the literature review. The search was performed using keywords of "functional endoscopic sinus surgery," "FESS," "Safety," "Image-Guided," and "complications" between 2000 and 2024.

Navigating Deep Brain Stimulation Targets: A Three-Dimensional Video Guide for Movement Disorders.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established treatment for motor circuit disorders such as Parkinson disease, dystonia, and essential tremor, particularly when pharmacological interventions are insufficient. The increase in DBS-related publications and the growing number of patients receiving DBS highlight the acceptance and refinement of the procedure. Despite its widespread use, comprehensive anatomical knowledge of deep brain nuclei remains critical for enhancing clinical efficacy.

Sacsin levels in PBMCs: A diagnostic assay for SACS variants in peripheral blood cells - A PROSPAX study.

Background: Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) is a common recessive ataxia that is still underdiagnosed worldwide. An easily accessible diagnostic biomarker might help to diagnostically confirm patients presenting SACS variants of unknown significance (VUS) or atypical phenotypes.

Objectives: To detect sacsin in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and to validate its diagnostic biomarker quality to discriminate biallelic SACS patients (including patients with VUS and/or atypical phenotypes) against healthy controls, non-ARSACS spastic ataxia patients, and heterozygous SACS carriers.

Superior orbital fissure in children: shape analysis, measurements, and surgical importance.

This radiologic work aimed to display the alteration in the superior orbital fissure (SOF) morphology in the pediatric population with advancing age. This pediatric examination consisted of computed tomography images of 180 subjects (90 males/90 females) aged 1-18 years. The length (SOF-L) and width (SOF-W) of SOF were measured, and its shape was noted.

Endoscope Assisted Microvascular Decompression for Trigeminal Neuralgia: Surgical Safety and Efficacy.

Background: The cranial nerve (CN) V and adjacent neurovascular structures are crucial landmarks in microvascular decompression (MVD). MVD of CN V is the most effective treatment for patients with drug-resistant trigeminal neuralgia (TN) diagnosis. The endoscope-assisted retrosigmoid approach (RSA) provides better exposure and less cerebellar retraction in the corridor towards the cerebellopontine angle (CPA).

Minimum intraoperative testing battery for cochlear implantation: the international practice trend.

Purpose: In cochlear implantation (CI) surgery, there are a wide variety of intraoperative tests available. However, no clear guide exists on which tests must be performed as the minimum intraoperative testing battery. Toward this end, we studied the usage patterns, recommendations, and attitudes of practitioners toward intraoperative testing.

Progress of intracranial metastases during the interval before stereotactic radiosurgery, a retrospective cohort analysis.

Introduction: The incidence of intracranial metastatic disease is increasing worldwide. As a valuable treatment modality, stereotactic radiosurgery requires detailed imaging, and this study evaluated the differences between imaging obtained on the day of treatment compared to historical or referral imaging.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed, evaluating all the patients presenting with eligible referral imaging in a 13-month period and comparing this imaging to the imaging taken on the day of treatment.

Clinical and Surgical Results of Treatment Modalities in Orbital Roof Fractures: Single-Center Experience.

Orbital roof fractures are uncommon craniofacial fractures. Due to the location of the fracture and the mechanism of trauma, it is often associated with neuroophthalmological injuries. The authors aimed to evaluate the results of conservative and surgical treatments of patients with orbital roof fractures and present our clinical experiences regarding optimal treatment planning, especially in cases of moderate or severe head trauma.

Biallelic PTPMT1 variants disrupt cardiolipin metabolism and lead to a neurodevelopmental syndrome.

Primary mitochondrial diseases (PMDs) are among the most common inherited neurological disorders. They are caused by pathogenic variants in mitochondrial or nuclear DNA that disrupt mitochondrial structure and/or function, leading to impaired oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). One emerging subcategory of PMDs involves defective phospholipid (PL) metabolism.

Galantamine and wedelolactone combined treatment suppresses LPS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in microglial cells.

Context: Inflammasome NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) is associated with neurological disorders. Neuroinflammation can be suppressed by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation, decreasing neurodegenerative disorder progression. We devised a therapeutic technique that can reduce neuroinflammation induced by microglial activation, avoiding neurodegeneration.

Osseointegration potential of boron-coated titanium alloy pedicle screw in rabbit spine model.

Background: Spinal implants' longevity is crucial, but titanium alloys, while advantageous, lack strong bone integration. This study aimed to achieve better osseointegration rates by utilizing the ability of boron compounds to transform stem cells in the vertebra into osteoblasts.

Method: Twenty male albino rabbits were divided into control (n = 10) and experimental (n = 10) groups.